Health Science

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occurs in preparation for implantation

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vascularization of endometrium

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day 25 of previous cycle, follicles begin to enlarge in ovary

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menstrual phase

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when a fertilized egg implants into an organ other than the uterus. causes bleeding like the menstrual flow

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ectopic pregnancy

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___ of pregnancies result in a miscarriage

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25%

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experience of spotting or a light menstrual flow arounhd the time they would normally have there period.

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implantation bleeding

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most common cancer in males 20-35 years

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testicular cancer

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inflimmation/swelling of prostate gland

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prostatitis

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leading cause of death from cancer in men

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prostate cancer

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growth of endometrial tissue outside of uterus, tissue proliferates and bleeds causing inflimmation, pain, scarring and infertility

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ednometriosis

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3 ex of stds

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gonorrhea, syphilis, genital herpes

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includes fertilization, implantation, fetal development

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pregnancy

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__ in ___ pregnancies results in miscarriage

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1 in 4

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______ pregnancies happen in the u.s. a year

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4.4 million

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1st/2nd trimesters in pregnancy

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embryonic period

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occurs in uterine, prostaglandins in semen stimulate uterine motility aiding in the movement of sperm

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fertilization

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period of time leading up to fertilization when sperm undergo changes

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capacitation

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fertilization outside the body, ovulation controlled by hormones, removal of egg and sperm allowed to fertilize the egg in a liquied medium

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in virto fertilization(IVF)

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when 2 sperm from different men make twins

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bi-paternal twinning

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these generate cells/tissue for transplantation to treat cancer, parkinsons, etc

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stem cells

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cell division

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mitosis

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stem cell

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zygote

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2 oocytes fertilized by different sperm, genetically dissimilar, same or different sex

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fraternal twins

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cell division producing 2 embryos

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identical twins

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ocurs 6 days after fertilization, rapid cell divison to 32 cell stage

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implantation

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inner cell layer forms the embryo

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blastocyst

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dna directing, programming development process, deciding what would become bone, muscle, brain, eyes, ears, etc in fetus

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differentiation

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eventually surrounds embryo, filled with fluid, water breaks

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development of the amnion

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after 10 wks, the fluid contains proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and phospholipids, all which is growth to fetus

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amniotic fluid

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3 uses of amniotic fluid

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1. aids in development of digestive system.
2. odors from mothers diet
3. inhaled into lungs, essential for lung development.

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second trimester of pregnancy

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amniocentesis

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provides nutrients to embryo during 2nd/3rd wk

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development of yolk sac

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forms principal part of placenta, protects embryo, fetus from mothers immune response

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development of chorion

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outgrowth of chorion

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placenta

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detached placenta following birth

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afterbirth

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formation of 3 cell layers which will develop into various organ systems

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gastrulation

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3 organ systems gastrulation formates

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1. endoderm
2. mesoderm
3. ectoderm

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develops into the inner lining os the digestive tract and respiratory passages of a fetus

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endoderm

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develops into muscle, skeletal and cardiac, bone, blood in a fetus

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mesoderm

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develops into the skin, nails, epithelium, mouth, anal canal in fetus

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ectoderm

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solid cylinder of cells which plays an imp role in the development of specialized tissue in fetus

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notochord formation

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development of cardiovascular system in a fetus

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angiogenesis

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3rd trimester of pregnancy

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fetal period

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leg development

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stepping reflex

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6 maternal changes during pregnancy

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1. fetal growht
2. increase in appetite
3. pressure on bladder
4. heart rate changes
5. changes in skin color
6. wieght gain

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a result of cervical and vaginal stimulation by the fetus and abruptly declining concentration of progesterone

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uterine contractions

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buttocks or lower limbs enter birth canal first

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breech

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cut through abdominal wall into lower section of uterus through which baby and placenta are removed

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caesarean section

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promotes milk formation and secretion

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prolactin

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stimulates the release of milk, stimulated by sucking action

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oxytocin

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vas deferens, makes sperm absorbed in epididymis

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vasectomy

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having tubes tied

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tubal ligation

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removal of uterus/ovaries

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hysterectomy

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antiboyd production to inactivate sperm

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contraceptive immunization

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sopreme court made abortion legal in the landmark case of

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roe vs wade

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2 opposing view of abortion

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prolife vs pro choice

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___ of abortions occur during the first 6-12 weeks of pregnancy

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90%

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___ of people have abortion for second time or more

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47%

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rape or incest accounted for ___ of abortions

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1%

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male vs female

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gender identity

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majority of people, marriage

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heterosexuality

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gay and lesbian

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homosexuality

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involved with both sexes

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bisexuality

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a person is born with reproductive or sexual anatomy that doesnt seem to fit the typical definitions of female or male

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intersexual, trans sexual or trans gender

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both sets of genitalia enlarge, but structures are not functional

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pseudohermaphrodite

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expression of sexuality

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sexual behavior

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continued abstention from sexual activities

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celibacy

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self stimulation

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masturbation

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___ of couples engage in anal intercourse

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25%

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force of sex

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rape

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sex between adults and children

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pedophilia

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behavior involving sexual arousal to objects, pain, urges

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fetish

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heterosexual males that wear clothing of the opposite sex

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cross dressing

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man who drsses and acts like a woman for entertainment

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drag queen

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sex with animals

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besteality

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erotic attraction to corpses

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necrophilia

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sexual attraction to trees

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dendrophilia

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exposings ones genitals to an unsuspecting person

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exhibitionism

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sex in a public place

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indecent exposure

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observing unsuspecting person naked

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voyeurism

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sexual pleasure, arousal from inflicting or recieving pain

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sado-masochism