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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Describe Descartes mind-body dualism and explain how this impacted mental healthtreatment? |
Descartes mind-body dualism looked at the body and mind as separate entities. However, that mind is constantly communicating with the body so a lot of the times, psychological influences on health are largely ignored. |
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What is psychoneuroimmunology? |
the study of the effect of mind on health and resistance to disease |
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What is sickness behaviour, what causes it, why might it be adaptive? |
Sickness behaviour involves social withdrawal inactivity, and low energy. It is usually caused by a heightened immune response. It might be adaptive because we need to rest when we are sick, and social withdrawal can prevent spreading the disease. |
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How does heightened amygdala activity impact your behaviour? Name a mental healthillness with heightened amygdala activity. |
It can cause social anxiety and withdrawal, and this over a long period of time can cause depression. |
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What is the classical biomedical view regarded the root cause of depression? What is theevidence that this might not be causing depression in all cases? |
Lack of serotonin in the forebrain, in particular the synapses. SSRI drugs, which block reabsorption of serotonin to try and keep levels of serotonin high in the synapse, doesn't work for everyone. |
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Describe the three studies discussed in class linking depression and inflammation. Whatare the key limitations of those studies? Which study provides the strongest evidence for acausal link between inflammation and depression and why? |
INF therapy for cancer (a cytokine drug) - more and more people in trial began to develop depression Miller et. al - compared inflammation levels in healthy vs. depressed patients; found that depressed patients had much higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines SSRI drugs did not treat depression for everyone. Those that did not respond to the SSRI drug had significantly higher levels of inflammation at baseline. |
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What is the difference between an SSRI responder vs. SSRI non-responder? How do theirlevels of cytokines differ at baseline and could this be useful as a screening tool forresponder type? |
An SSRI responder usually has his/her depressive symptoms relieved with the SSRI drug, while a non-responder does not. At baseline, the SSRI non-responders have much higher levels of inflammatory cytokines and responders. |
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Describe the details of the study by Rethorst et al 2013. Who did they test? What did theymeasure? What were the conditions? What did they find? What does it mean? What werethe limitations of the study? |
Individuals with higher TNFa levels at baseline got the most benefit from depressive symptoms post exercise. But in general, both groups benefited. |
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Describe the details of Emily’s thesis study. Who did she test? What did she measure?What were the conditions? What did she find? What does it mean? What were thelimitations of the study? |
55 University students in the academic term, all sedentary and had no depression MCT group found a reduction in depressive symptoms, anxiety, and stress, as well as lower TNFa levels. HIT group found no change in TNFa levels, a reduction in depressive symptoms, but an increase in anxiety and stress. THis suggests that HIT may be too stressful for untrained individuals. MCT exercise seems to be the best form of exercise for reducing inflammation levels (specifically TNFa) |
