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84 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Wellness |
Multidimensional, life long process including physical, emotional, social, occupational and spiritual health |
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Monosaccharide |
Simplest carbs consisting of one sugar molecule (most common form of glucose |
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Polysaccharide |
Complex carbs consisting of long chains of glucose |
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Macronutrients |
Nutrients our body needs in large amounts to support normal function and health |
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Saturated fat |
Fat containing only saturated fatty acids (bad day)
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Trans fat |
Unhealthy substance, also known as trans fatty acids |
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Calorie |
We use this term when presenting info about food |
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Unsaturated fat |
Triglyceride containing at least one unsaturated fatty acid -often derived from plant products -good fat |
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Amino acids |
Nitrogen containing acids that combine to *form protein* |
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Carbohydrates |
Primary fuel source for our body, particularly for brain and physical exercise |
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Polypeptide |
10 or more amino acids bonded together |
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Enzymes |
Small proteins that act on other chemicals to speed up body process but do not change the process |
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Fats |
Important energy source for our body at rest and during low Intensity exercise |
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Anatomy |
Structures and how something is Put together |
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Physiology |
How structures work |
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Proteins |
Large, complex molecule found in cells of living made of amino acids |
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Vitamins |
Organic compounds that assists us in regulating our body's process |
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Homeostasis |
Physiology process that monitors and maintains a stable interval environment or equilibrium |
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Diabetes |
A chronic disease in which the body can no longer regulate glucose normally |
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Food |
Refers to the plants and animals we eat |
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Nutrition |
The science that studies food and how it nourishes our Health and influences our health |
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Chronic disease |
Diseases that come on slowly and can persist for years despite treatment |
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What may poor nutrition cause? |
-heart problems -heart disease -osteoporosis -cancer -chronic disease -stroke -diabetes -obesity |
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Benefits of eating fiber |
-decreases chances of digestive and chronic diseases, colon cancer, and heart disease |
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Examples of fiber? |
-vegetables and fruit -nuts -oatmeal -beans -whole grains |
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Why do we needs carbs? |
They are an important energy source for our bodies -fuels energy, daily activity and exercise |
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Examples of protein food |
-fish -nuts -meats -cheese -yogurt -spinach |
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Examples of good fats found in our foods |
-unsaturated -polyunsaturated -monounsaturated |
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Examples of bad fats |
-trans fat -saturated -polyunsaturated |
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Benefits of omega 3? |
-prevents depression -healthy pregnancy -reduce heart disease -prevents memory loss - prevents cancer |
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How much fat should one eat a day ? |
20-30% a day |
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How can one reduce their saturated fat intake ? |
-eat less red meat -choose low fat milk -bake instead of frying -remove skin from chicken |
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What happens to our body when we get cold ? |
-homeostasis tries to balance our body temp -shiver -hair rises -goose bumps -increased rate of respiration |
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5 things we need for survival |
-oxygen -food -water -sleep -shelter |
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Important medical discoveries that help us understand disease transmission today ? |
-sanitizing -penicillin -vaccination -asprin -x Ray -Hygiene |
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Levels of structures on the body (in order from larger, more complex structures) |
1. Cells 2. Tissues 3. Organs 4. Organ system 5. Organism |
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-blood vessels -heart |
Cardiovascular |
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-blood vessels -heart |
Cardiovascular |
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Pathogens |
Microorganism that causes a disease. -includes bacteria, viruses, Protozoa, plants fungi or yeast, etc. |
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Diaphysis |
Straight shaft of a long bone |
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Epiphysis |
Widened end of a long bone - each end contains epiphysis plate where bone growth takes place |
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Short |
Bone is longer than it is wide |
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Short bone |
Equal in width and length |
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Irregular bone |
Odd in shape, and include hip bone |
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Flat bone |
Thinner and can either be flat of curved |
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Osteoblasts |
Cells that form bone |
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Osteoclasts |
Tears down bone material and helps move calcium and phosphate into blood |
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Spongy bone |
Lined by endosteum, which has the same function and similar structure to periosteum |
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Pancreas, pituitary, adrenal glands |
Endocrine |
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Cartilage |
Smooth, firm, but flexible connective tissue |
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Bone marrow |
Soft fatty substance in cavity of bones, blood cells produced |
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Arthritis |
Inflammation of the joints |
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Atrophy |
Loss of muscle bulk |
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Tetanus |
Acute infectious disease caused by bacterium that can lead to severe spasms of voluntary muscles |
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Esophagus, large intestine, rectum |
Digestive |
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Breastbone, vertebral column, skull |
Skeletal |
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Brain, nerves, sensory receptor |
Nervous system |
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Protects he body, destroys bacteria and Tumor cells |
Lymphatic/immune |
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Removes the carbon dioxide from the blood |
Respiratory |
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Delivers oxygen and nutrients to the bodies tissue |
Cardiovascular |
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Controls the body with chemicals called hormones |
Integumentary |
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Moves the limbs for facial expression |
Muscular system |
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Psoriasis |
Skin disease marked by red, itchy, scaly patches |
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Multiple sclerosis |
Chronic disease involving damage to sheaths of nerve cell in the brain and spinal cord |
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Muscular dystrophy |
Genetic disease marked by progressive weakening and wasting of muscles |
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Paraplegic |
Paralysis caused by illness or injury that results in partial or total loss of use for limbs or torso |
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Quadriplegic |
Paralysis caused by illness of injury that results In partial or total loss of use for longs or torso |
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Paraplegic |
Paralysis from the waist down |
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Cataract |
Clouding of the lens. Protein molecules in lens begin to clump together |
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Leukaemia |
Cancer of white blood cells -malignant progressive disease -bone marrow produced abnormally, increased leukocytes |
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Sickle cell anemia |
Inherited blood disorder producing abnormal and functioning red blood cell |
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Asthma |
Life threatening condition. Body reacts to allergy by constricting the airway |
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Emphysema |
Air sacs destroyed and lung becomes floppy |
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Tuberculosis |
Bacterial infection |
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Pneumonia |
Lung infection caused by viruses, fungi, Protisis or bacteria -72 hour development |
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Hormones |
Chemical messenger of endocrine system that is released by a gland or organ and travels through blood |
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Neurotransmitter |
Chemical messenger that travels through across synapse between neuron and other neuron, muscle fiber or gland |
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Steroids |
Ringed lipids that function as extremely powerful hormones |
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Hypothalamus |
Endocrine gland located in the brain. -releases many hormones and controls pituitary hormones levels, body physiology, hunger, thirst, fluid balance, and body temp |
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Pituitary gland |
"Master gland" -endocrine gland in brain that releases many hormones. - controls endocrine glands |
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Adrenal glands |
Flight of flight response |
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Gigantism and dwarfism |
Abnormality in skeletal development and nutritional deficiency |
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Hemophilia |
Cannot easily clot blood due to abnormality of gene on X chromosome |
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Anemia |
Any condition in which the number of erythrocytes in blood is decreased |
