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231 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the levels of the Goverment health agencies?
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(1)international (2)national (3)state (4)local
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Give a example of international health organization?
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the World Health Organization
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NAME
a example if the world health organzation |
a international world health organization
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How are the Govt Health organization funded
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tax dollors
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WHat is the purpose of the world health organization?
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attainment by all peoples of the best possible level of health
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NAME
attainment by all people of the best people level of health |
world health orgnanization
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What are the (6) core functions of the world health organizations?
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(1)articulating consistent, ethical, and evidence based policy and advocacy possible (2)Assessing trends and comparing performance, setting agenda for and stimulating new research (3)catalying change through techinical and policy support (4)negotiating and sustaining global partnerships (5)Setting, validating, monitoring, and pursuing the proper implementation of norms and standards (6)development and testing of new technologies, tools, guidlines for disease control, risk reduction, health care mangement and service delivery
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NAME
(1)articulating consistent, ethical, and evidence based policy and advocacy possible (2)Assessing trends and comparing performance, setting agenda for and stimulating new research (3)catalying change through techinical and policy support (4)negotiating and sustaining global partnerships (5)Setting, validating, monitoring, and pursuing the proper implementation of norms and standards (6)development and testing of new technologies, tools, guidlines for disease control, risk reduction, health care mangement and service delivery |
World Health Organizations
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Give a example of a national health agencies?
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department of health and human services
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NAME
a example if a department of health and human serivces |
national health agencies
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What is the department of health and human serivces?
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prinicpial agency for protecting the health of all Americans and providing essential human serivices
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NAME
prinicipial agency for protecting the health of all Americans and providing essential human services |
department of Health and human services
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Give example of other national health agencies? (3)
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(1)WIC (2)OSHA (3)EPA
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NAME
examples include WIC, OSHA, and EPA |
national health agencies
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What does WIC stand for?
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Women, infants, and children program
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What does OSHA and stand for?
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Occupational Safety Health Administration
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What does EPA stand for?
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Environmental protection agency
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How ar the national health orgnizations organized?
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Secretary
Deputy Secretarys (1)director, intergovernmental Affairs and secretary's regional representatives (2)Chief of Staff-Executive Secretary |
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What does ACF stand for?
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Administration for Children and Families
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What does AoA stand for?
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Administartion on Aging
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What is the ACF?
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responsible for providing directions and leadership for all federal programs for needy children and families
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NAME
responsible for providing directions and leadership for all federal programs for needy children and families |
ACF
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What is the AoA?
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supports a nationwide aging network, proividing services to the elderly, espically to enable them to remain independent (2)supports services and provides leadership on aging issues
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NAME
supports a nationwide aging network, providing services to the elderly, espically to enable them to remain independent and supports services and provides leadership on aging services |
AoA
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What does CMS stand for?
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centers for medicare and medicaid
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What is the CMS?
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administers the medicare and medicaid programs
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NAME
administers the medicare and medicaid programs |
CMS
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NAME
provides health care coverage to about 75 million Americans |
CMS
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What does the AHRQ stand for?
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the lead agency charged with supporting reseach designed to improve the qualilty of health care reduce, its costs, improve patient safety, decrease medical errors, and broaden access
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NAME
is the lead agency charged with supporting research designed to improve the quaility of health care reduce, its costs improve patient safety, decrease medical errors, and broaden access |
AHRQ
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What does CDC stand for?
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centers for disease control and prevention
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What is the CDC?
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serves as the national focus for devloping and applying disease prevention and control, environmental health, and health promotion, and health education activities designed to improve the health of the people of the USA
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NAME
serves as the national focus for devloping and applying disease prevention and control, environmental health, and health promotion, and health education activities designed to improve the health of the people of the USA |
CDC
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What does ATSDR stand for?
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agency for toxic substances and disease registry
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What is the ATSDR?
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working w states and other federal agencies to deal with the cleanup of hazardous substances in the environment
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NAME
this agency is working with other federal agencies to deal with the cleanup of hazardous substances in the environment |
ATSDR
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What does the FDA stand for?
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food and drug Adiminstration
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What is the FDA?
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thier mission is to promote and protect public health by helping safe and effective products reach the market in a timely way and by monitoring products for continued safety after they are in use
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NAME
thier mission is to promote and protect public health by helping safe and effective products reach the market in a timely way and by monitoring products for contined safety faster after they use |
FDA
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What does the HRSA stand for?
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health resources and services Administration
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What is the HRSA? (2)
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helps provide health resource for medically underserved populations (2)works to build the health care workforce
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NAME
helps to provide health resource for medically underserved populations and works to build the health care workforce |
HRSA
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What does IHS stand for?
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Indiain Health serice
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What is the IHS?
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provides comprehensive health service deilvery system to American indians and Alaska natives
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NAME
provides comprehensive health service deilvery system to American indians and Alaska natives |
IHS
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What does NIH stand for?
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National institutes of Health
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What is the NIH?
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the world's premeir medical research organiation, supporting research projects nationwide
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NAME
the world's premier medical reserach organization, supporting research projects nationwide |
NIH
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What does SAMHSA stand for?
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Substance Abuse and mental health services Administartion
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What is SAMHSA?
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ensures up to date info and state of the art practice is effectively used for the prevention and treatment of addictive and mental disorders
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NAME
ensures up to date information and state of the art practice is effectively used for the preventation and treatment of addictive and mental disorders |
SAMHSA
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What are the 12 divisions of the department of health and human services?
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(1)ACF (2)AoA (3)CMS (4)AHRQ (5)CDC (6)ATSDR (7)FDA (8)HRSA (9)IHS (10)NIH (11)SAMHSA (12)PSC
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What is the PSC stand for?
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program support center
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What is the PSC?
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provides qualitative and responsive administrative support services on a cost-effective, competitive, fee-for-service basis to HHS components and other federal agencies
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What is the purpose of state health agencies?
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to promote, protect, and maintain the health and welfare of thier citzens
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NAME
thier purpose is to promote, protect, and maintain the health and welfare of thier citzens |
state health agencies
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What are the (3) core functions of the state health fair agencies?
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(1)assesemnt (2)policy development (3)assurance
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NAME
there there core functions are assesment, policy development, and assurance |
state health fair agencies
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What are some of the divisions of the health bureaus? (12)
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(1)administration (2)communicalbe and chronic disease prevenation and control (3)vital health stastitcs (4)public health nursing (5)environmental health (6)health education or promotion (7)maternal and child health (8)mental health (9)occcupational and industrial health (10)lab services (11)health services (12)veterniary public health
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Give examples of some local health agencies? (5)
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(1)coordinated school health program (2)Quasi-govenmental organizations
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Coordinated health prorgrams is a ex of a (1)
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local health agency
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NAME
is an organized set of policies, procedures, and actvities designed to protect, promote, and improve the health and well-being of students and staff thus improving the student's ability to learn |
Coordinated Health program
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What are some barriers to the coordinated health programs? (7)
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(1)infsufficent local adminstrative support (2)inadequately preparted teachers (3)too few schools days to teach in a school year (4)inadequate funding (5)the lack of credibility of health education as an acadamic subject (6)insufficent community/parental support (7)concern for the teaching of controversial topics such as sex education
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NAME
some are responisble for assigned by government but some operate more like a voluntary agency. are funded by tax dollors and opterate indepentdtly of goverenment supervision |
Quasi-governmental organizations
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Give exs of some Quasi-governmental organizations? (3)
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(1)American red cross (2)national science foundation (3)national academy of sceinces
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The american red cross, the national sceience foundation, and the national academy of sciences are exs of (1)
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Quasi-governmental organizations
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Whow funded the Red cross?
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Clara Barton
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NAME
was funded by Clara Barton |
red cross
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NAME
offical duties include relief of victims of natural diasasters and serve as a liason btwn memembers of the active military and their faimiles during emergenices |
red cross
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NAME
the purpose is for the funding and promotion of scientfic research and development of individual sceintists |
national science foundation
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NAME
created by concerned citzens to deal with a health need not met by governmental health agencies |
voluntary health agencies
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NAME
their purpose includes to raise money to fund programs, provide education both to professionals and to the public, and provide services to those individuals and families that are affliceted w health problems |
voluntary health agencies
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What are someo the largest voluntary health agencies? (3)
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american cancner society (2)American heart Association (3)American lung Asssociation
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NAME
thier mission is to promote high standards of professional practice for thier specfic proffession |
professional/health organizations and assocaitions
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NAME
provides funding for research and programming |
philantropic foundations
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NAME
was a term coined by a American soical workers to 1800s to describe their coordination efforts for newly arrived immigrats and the poor |
community organizing
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NAME
a process through which the communites are helped to id common problems or goals, moblize resources, and in other ways develop and implement stategies for reaching thier goals they have collectivly set" |
community organizing
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NAME
community charateritsics affecting the ability to id, moblize, and address problems |
community capacity
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NAME
a process involing people in institutions or descions that affect thier lives |
community particaption
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NAME
one in which indivduals and organizations apply thier skills and resources in collective efforts to meet thier respective needs |
empowered community
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what are (7) assumptions of community organization?
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(1)communities of the people can develop the capacity to deal w thier own problems (2)people want to change and can change (3)people should participate in making, adjusting, or controling the major changes taking place in thier community (4)changes in the community living that are self-imposed or self-developed have a meaning and permance that imposed changes do not have (5)a "holistic approach" can deal w succesfully w problems which a fragmented approach cannot cope (6)deomcracy requires cooperative participation and action in the affairs of the community and people most learn the skills that make this possible (7)Frequently, communites of people need help in organizing to deal w thier needs, just as many individuals require help w indivudal problems
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NAME
is a broad self-help method in which local citzens develop new skills and become more self-sufficent |
locaility development
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NAME
utlizes skilled volunteers in the community in a techincal process of problem solving |
social planning
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NAME
a technique that involves the redistribution of power and resources to disavantaged segments of the population |
social action
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What are the four steps for creating community organization?
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(1)implementing (2)evluating (3)maintaing (4)looping back
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What are some questions that need to be asked after the needs assesment? (6)
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(1)Who is the priority population? (2)what are the needs of the priorty population? (3)which subgroups wihtin the priority popultion have the greatest need? (4)where are the subgroups geographically located? (5)what is currently being done to resolve identified needs? (6)how well have the identiied needs been addressed in the past?
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NAME
encompasses the health of women of childbearing age from pre-pregancy, through pregrancy, labor and delivory, and the postpartum period and the health of the child to birth through adolescence |
maternal, infant, and child health
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What are some things that are precursors to high mortaility rates of maternal, infants, and child health? (8)
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(1)uniantened pregancies (2)lack of prenatel care (3)maternal druge use (4)low immunization rates (5)poverty (6)limited education (7)insufficent child care (8)lack of health care services in the community
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How is the health of a nation judged?
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by the health of its youngest memembers
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The USA is ranked (1) in infant mortaility
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28th
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T or F
today children face different threats than past decades |
true
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NAME (include reference)
as a group of two people or more |
family according to the US census bureau
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NAME
is two or more persons who are joined together by bonds of sharing and emotional closeness and who identify themselves as being part of the familiy |
Friedman's defintion of a faimily
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NAME
a marriage or having two partents, serve as an important family characertistic in relation to a child's wellbeing |
def of family from a community health prospective
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There is (1) health risks for infants and childern who are raised by single partents
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increased
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What are some of the increased risks for childern w single parents? (4)
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(1)adverse birth outcomes (2)low birth rates (3)increase of infant mortality (4)children living in poverty
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What are some of the health risks of teenage pregrancy? (4)
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(1)more likely to divocre (2)less likley to receive an adequate education (3)greater incidence of infant low birth weight and prematurity and higher mortailty rates (4)live in poverty
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NAME
is the process of determing the preferred number and spacing of children in one's family and choosing the appropiate means to the achieve this preference |
familty planning
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What was the title of the case that got Abortion to be legal?
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Roe vs Wade
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T or F
the number of deaths from illegal abortion has declined |
true
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T or F
the number of legal abortion has started to decline |
true
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NAME
is the health of women in the childbearing years |
maternal health
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NAME
is the death of a woman while pregrant or within 42 days of erimination of pregnancy |
maternal health
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What does FMLA stand for?
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family and medical leave act
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What are some advocates for children ? (3)
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(1)children defense fund (2)united Nations Childern's fund (3)American Academy of pediactrics
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NAME
refers to 15-25 years of age |
adolesecent
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NAME
refers to 25-64 years of age |
adults
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What are the most productive years of life?
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15-64 years
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NAME
this age group is the future of our country |
Adolescents
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What are the two subgroups of adolesecents/
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(1)puberty to matuirty (2)young adults
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NAME
faces homronal changes, physical maturation, and frequent opportunites to engage in risk behavior |
puberty maturity
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NAME
face many physical, emotional, and educational changes |
young adults
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NAME
this stage of life is most diffuclt do to increased freedom, acess to health compromisng substances and experiences, lifestyle changes, and is a critical stage in developing good health knowdlege and habits |
critical time period of young adults and adolescents
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T or F
many adolesecent and young adults live in single partent/guardians homes which have contributed to the high divorce rate in the country |
true
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young females particpating in the workforce has (1)
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increased
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T or F
unemployment rates do not vary significtantly by race and eithinicty |
false
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What affects access to health care?
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employment status
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NAME
is the third leading cause of death |
sucides
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Sucides rates are singifcatly (1) for females than males
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lower
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Females attempet sucide (1) often as males
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twice as much
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What are some of the top morbidity for young adults? (2)
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(1)measles (2)STDS
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Young adults are (1) to have multiple sexual partners than any other group
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more likley
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Youg adults are (1) likely to have unprotected sex when compared to other groups
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more
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Young adults are (1) likely for women to choose sexual partners that are older than them
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more
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NAME
this disease is extermely severe for yound adults |
measles
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What are some behaviors of young adults that contribure to unitenteional injury? (3)
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(1)not using seat belt (2)not using hemelt (3)riding a car w a intoxicated driver
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What is a major problem w young adults?
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dealing w alcholol and majarana
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T or F
the teenage pregrancy rates are twice as high as england, France, and Canda |
true
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What are some health behevhiors and lifestyle choices for young adults? (2)
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(1)lack of physical acivitiy (2)overweight control
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NAME
represents have of the US population |
adults
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NAME
the overall death rate of this pop is improving |
adults
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What are some mortailty issues that adults are dealing w? (3)
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(1)cancer (2)cadiovascular disease (3)chronic disease
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What are some common choices that adults make? (4)
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(1)smoking (2)lack of excerise (3)alcholo consumption (4)weight
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What are some risk factors for chronic disease? (4)
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(1)smoking (2)lack of excerise (3)alcholol consumption (4)body wieght
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What are some things that adults need to be awared about and screened for? (3)
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(1)hypertension (2)diabtes (3)cholestrol
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What are some strategies for improving the health of adults?(3)
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(1)primary prevention programs such as excerise and nutrion(2)secoundary prevention such as clincal screening (3)teritary prevention such as medication compliance
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American pop is growing (1)
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older
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(1) is and will always be a relative concept
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age
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NAME
is a state of being old |
aged
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NAME
changes that ocur as living things grow older |
aging
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NAME
study of aging from the broadest prospective |
gerontology
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NAME
medical practice speacilzing in the treatment of the aged |
geriatrics
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T or F
after the age of 65, life goes downhill |
false
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T or F
all old people are alike |
false
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T or F
there are more differences amoung seniors than amoung any other segments of the US population |
true
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T or F
seniors are the least likley to be lonely of any age group |
true
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T or F
senility only affects about 5 percent of seniors living in noninstitutional settings |
true
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What are some factors that affect pop and age? (3)
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(1)feritliy rate (2)mortaility rate (3)migration and net migration
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NAME
is a compration btwn soceity's unproductive and productive individuals |
support ratio
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NAME
is based on the number of who are actually working |
labor-force support ratio
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T or F
Older people who live alone are more likley to live in poverty than those who dont |
true
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Where do most of the elderly people live?
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one third live in Southern states
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How are the incomes of elderly people broken up? (5)
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(1)S.S-38% (2)earnings-21% (3)Pensions-19% (4)Assests-19% (5)Other-3%
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What are some housing needs of elderly people? (4)
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(1)needs repair (2)less likley to have central heating or air conditioning (3)less likley to have telephone (4)live in older homes that are of leser value
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What are some chronic conditions and impairments that eldrely people have to deal w ? (4)
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(1)hypertension (2)arthritis (3)heart disease (4)diabetes (5)emphysema (4)sensory and motor impariments
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Elder when compared to thier younger parts are less likley to (2)
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(1)consume large amounts of alcholol (2)smoke (3)be overwieght
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What are some needs of the elders? (4)
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(1)income (2)housing (3)personal care (4)health care
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NAME
operationalizes race and ethicnity |
US office of mangement and Budget
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What are some limitations of health data sources? (4)
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(1)gaps in info system (2)bias analyis (3)self-reported data (4)reliability
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NAME
is the secound larges minority group |
black americans
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NAME
has low average education level and the lowest median income |
Black Americans
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What are some major community health problems for Black Americans? (4)
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(1)infant mortailiy (2)sickle cell disease (3)HIV/AIDS (4)violent deaths
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NAME
is the fastes growing ethinic population in the USA |
Asian/Pacifc islanders
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NAME
high school completion and income are highest amoung the ethinic groups |
ASian/Island Pacficers
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NAME
are economically disadvantaged, have poor health status, have a high povery rate, and low high school completion rate |
Native Americans and Alaskan natives
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What is the number 1 health problem of Native Americans?
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alcholol abuse
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What health care do Native Americans have?
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Indian health service
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What are 4 goals of the Indian health services?
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(1)assist indian tribes in developing health programs (2)faciliate and assist indian tribes in coordinating health resources (3)provide comprhensive health care serivces (4)serve as federal advocate
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NAME
are people who flee thier homes from danger |
refugees
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NAME
people who were not born in a particular country |
aliens
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NAME
entered a country w/out permissions |
illegal aliens
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NAME
a set of congruent behaviors, attidues, and polieces that come together in a system, agency or amoung work in cross-cultural situations |
cultural competence
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What are (2) new emerging drugs?
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(1)Vicodin (2)oxyContin
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What are some health concerns w drugs? (8)
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(1)abuse (2)trafic fatatilites (3)murders (4)manslaughter charges (5)drownings (6)rapes (7)assaults (8)sucides
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NAME
is a substance,other than food taht, when taken in small quantitives, alter's one physical, mental, or emotional state |
drugs
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NAME
alters sensory perceptions, mood, thought process, or behavior |
psychoactive drugs
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NAME
inappropriate use of prescription or nonprescription drugs |
drug misuse
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NAME
taking of a drug for non-medically aproved purposes |
drug abuse
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NAME
cont use of a legal drug w the konwoledge that it is hazardous to ones health |
drug abuse
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NAME
when one believes that a particular drug is necessary for normal function |
drug dependence
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NAME
factors that increase the probality of drug use |
risk factors
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NAME
factors that decrease the probaility of drug use |
protective factors
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NAME
genetic and biological risk factors |
inherited risk factors
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NAME
is the number 1 problem drug in USA |
alcholol
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NAME
can be purchased w/out a doctors prescirtoion |
OTC
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What does OTC stand for?
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over the counter drugs
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NAME
is the most abused illict drug and amotivational syndrom |
marijuana
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NAME
this type of drug numbs the senses and reduces pain and produce tolerance and physical tolerance. furthermore, injection users have a high risk for HIV |
Narcotics
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NAME
is a potent stimulant |
cocaine
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What are some hallucinogens? (3)
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(1)LSD (2)Mescaline (3)Psilocybin
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What are the types of illict drugs abused? (5)
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(1)stimulants (2)depresants (3)designer drugs (4)anabolic drugs (5)inhalents
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NAME
include ampthetamine, mathamphetamine, and methcathinone |
stimulants
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NAME
include barbiturates, benxodiazepines, and methaqualone |
depressants
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How do u prevent drug abuse a primary level? (2)
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aimed at those who have never used drugs (2)the goal is to prevent thier initatuion of drugs
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How do u prevent drug abuse at a secondary level?
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seeks to reach those who have began drug usage and are not chronic drug abusers
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How do u prevent drug abuse at a tertiary level?
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designed to proveide treatment for abuse and aftercare
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What are four elements of prevention?
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(1)drug use education (2)treatment (3)public policy (4)law enforcement
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What is a new federal agency that helps to stop drugs?
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new federal agency
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What are some volunatray health agencies agaist drugs?
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(1)mothers against drunk drivers (2)Alchoolics Anonymous (3)American Cancer Society
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What are some biological hazards to the environment? (3)
|
(1)insect (2)micorbiological (3)vegetation
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What are some pshycholical hazards to the envirnoment? (4)
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(1)stress (2)boredom (3)anixety (4)fear
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What are some socilogical hazards to the environment?
|
(1)overcrowdings (2)isolation (3)war
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What are some contributing factors to residues and wastes from humans? (4)
|
(1)urbanization (2)industrialization (3)human population growth (4)producation and use of dispoble products
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What are some types of wastes and pollutions? (5)
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(1)solid wastes (2)hazardous wastes (3)water and its pollution (4)radiation (5)noise pollution
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What are some ways to get rid of waste? (4)
|
(1)sanitary landfills (2)combustion (3)recycling (4)source reducation
|
|
|
NAME
is a product that may cause or contribute to an increase in the mortaility or to an increase in serious, irreversible, or incapactiating reversible illness |
hazardous waste
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NAME
pose a substantial present or potential hazard to human health or enivornment when improperly treated, stored,transported, or disposed of or otherwise managned |
hazardous waste
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What are some ways to manage hazardous waste? (5)
|
(1)secured landfill (2)deep well injection (3)incineration of waste (4)recylcing or neutralization (5)source reduction
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What are two sources of water pollution?
|
(1)point source pollution (2)nonpoint source pollution
|
|
|
NAME
is a single identfiable source that discharge pollutants into the water |
point source pollluation
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|
NAME
all polluation that ocurs through runoff, seapage or falling of pollunatants into the water |
nopoint source pollution
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What are biolofical pollutants? (2)
|
(1)pathogens (2)overgrowth of aquatic plants
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What are toxic pollutants? (3)
|
(1)inorganic chemicals (2)radioactive materials (3)synthetic organic chemicals
|
|
|
NAME
is radiation from the sun and outerspace |
cosmic radiation
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|
NAME
radiation from earth's minerals |
terrestrial radiation
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|
NAME
radiation instide the body from the body's ingestion |
internal radiattion
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|
NAME
is the study and management of environmental conidtions that affect the human health |
Evironmental health
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|
NAME
factors or conidtions in the environment that increase the risk of human injury, disease, or injury |
environmental hazards
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|
NAME
can be hazards associated with biological, chemical, physical, physiological, or sociological situations |
environmental hazards
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|
NAME
living organisms or thier products that increase the risk or disease of death in humans |
biological hazards
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|
NAME
the pratice of establishing and maintaining health and hygeienc conidtions in the environment |
environmental sanitation
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|
NAME
projects communities from biolgical hazards resulting from mismangement of waste water or solid waste |
sanitary engineer
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What are some water-borne diseases? (6)
|
(1)Poliovirus (2)amoebic dysentry (3)Heapatis A virus (4)Giardiasis (5)shigellois (6)Cholrea
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What does WBDO stand for?
|
waterborne disease outbreak
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|
NAME
is a outbreak that results from excessive levels of fluriode, copper, and nitrates |
WBDO
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What are two foodborne diseaseS?(2)
|
(1)salmonella (2)Clostriudm bollulinm
|
|
|
NAME
is the mismangement of chemical hazards |
chemical hazards
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|
|
NAME
this act allows states to provide grants to do the following screen infants for lead levels, ensure referral for medical and ennvironmental intervention, and provide a education to parents and childern about lead poisning |
Comprenhensive environmental response
|
|
|
NAME
is a natural element found in most rock and soils that can cause lung cancer |
radon contamintion
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|
|
WHat are some issues w pop growth? (5)
|
(1)global warming (2)acid rain (3)deletion of the ozone (4)increased crime rates (5)epidemics
|
|
|
NAME
acute exposure to physical agents interacting with the body in amounts or at rates that exceed the thereshold of human tolerance |
injury
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