Health Communication Vocabulary Ch. 1-5

Front 1

health

Back 1

A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.

Front 2

communication

Back 2

the process of understanding and sharing meaning.

Front 3

interdependent

Back 3

communicators are interdependent, that is, they rely on each other and exert mutual influence on communication episodes.

Front 4

cultural display rules

Back 4

ways of showing emotions in different cultures

Front 5

health communication

Back 5

the way we seek, process, and share health information.

Front 6

biomedical model

Back 6

is based on the premise that ill health is a physical phenomenon that can be explained, identified, and treated through physical means. It is generally focused and specific.

Front 7

biopsychosocial model

Back 7

takes into account patients' physical conditions, their thoughts and beliefs, and their social expectations.

Front 8

patient empowerment

Back 8

patients have considerable influence in medical matters. Their ideas count.

Front 9

Imhotep

Back 9

The first known physician

Front 10

religio-empirical approach

Back 10

the ancient egyption approach to medicine. The cobined spiritualism and physical study.

Front 11

Hippocrates

Back 11

often considered the founder of scientific medicine and Western medical ethics.

Front 12

Hippocrates Oath

Back 12

established a code of conduct for physicians that has influenced the Western world until the current day. "give no deadly medicine"

Front 13

rational/empirical approach

Back 13

disease is best understood by careful observation and logical analysis.

Front 14

medical spiritualism

Back 14

the belief that illness is governed by supernatural forces such as gods, spirits, and ghosts.

Front 15

barber surgeons

Back 15

performed simple surgeries such as bloodletting and tooth extractions

Front 16

Christian magic

Back 16

bizarre ceremonies and exorcisms condoned by the church.

Front 17

fetishes

Back 17

holy relics said to protect those who purchased them from calamities such as shipwreck, fire, lightning, and difficult childbirth. A hoax.

Front 18

Rene Descarte

Back 18

an influential philosopher and mathematician of the time, introduced his method of doubt, prescribing that the thinker systematically doubt the existence of all things untill that existence can be verified.

Front 19

principle of verification

Back 19

do not believe it if you cannot prove it.

Front 20

Cartesian Dualism

Back 20

people have both souls and bodies, but the two are not the same.

Front 21

orthodox practitioners

Back 21

people educated in medical school

Front 22

sectarians

Back 22

people who practiced folk medicine taught to them by friends and family members

Front 23

germ theory

Back 23

disease is caused by microscopic organisms called germs.

Front 24

Flexner Report

Back 24

published in 1910, it charged that all but a few medical schools in the country were lax in their coverage of biology and other sciences. It also charged that these schools did not offer more supervised, hands-on experience with patients.

Front 25

specializations

Back 25

when doctors focus on particular aspects of health

Front 26

diagnosis-related groups (DRGs)

Back 26

establish in advance what the funding agency will pay hospitals for certain procedures or the treatment of specific ailments.

Front 27

managed care organizations

Back 27

coordinates the costs and delivery of health services.

Front 28

kaleidoscope model of health communication

Back 28

portrays well-being as a dynamic and interactive mosaic.

Front 29

insurance deductible

Back 29

how much a patient pays a year for health services and insurance

Front 30

insurance premium

Back 30

how much a person pays an insurance company per month

Front 31

reimbursement

Back 31

When the insurance pays the doctor the rest of the bill, after the patient has paid a portion of it.

Front 32

fee-for-service

Back 32

when patients or insurance companies pay the customary fee for health care services.

Front 33

health maintenance organization (HMO)

Back 33

Gives the doctor more stability, less administrative duties, and better working hours as she will share the patient load with other caregivers in the organization. The doctor may only treat patients who have HMP, and the organization will monitor the care the doctor provides and what it costs.

Front 34

capitation

Back 34

another alternative is for the HMO to give a doctor a set amount per patient, regardless of the care each patient ultimately needs.

Front 35

preferred provider organization (PPO)

Back 35

The doctor has her own office and may treat patients outside of the plan, but must agree to provide care for PPO members at a discount rate. The PPO will not pay the doctor a salary or capitated fee.

Front 36

gag rules

Back 36

prohibit physicians from telling patients about treatment options not covered by the health plans in which they participate.

Front 37

transactional communication

Back 37

communicators exert mutual influence on each other such that the approach one participant takes suggests how the other might respond.

Front 38

physician-centered communication

Back 38

doctors do most of the talking, chooe conversational topics, and begin and end communication episodes.

Front 39

directives

Back 39

instructions or commands

Front 40

blocking

Back 40

a process by which nurses steer talk away from certain subjects.

Front 41

patronize

Back 41

treating patients as though they are inferior

Front 42

transgressions

Back 42

are episodes in which a doctor or patient acts innapropriately

Front 43

therapeutic privilege

Back 43

the prerogative sometimes granted to physicians to withhold information from patients if they feel that disclosing the information would do more harm than good

Front 44

collaborative communication

Back 44

establishes patients and caregivers as peers who openly discuss health options and make mutually satisfying decisions.

Front 45

model of collaborative interpretation

Back 45

proposes that health communication is most effective when patients actualize the roles of decision makers and problem solvers and caregivers function as counselors or friends who work alongside patients to help them achieve shared goals.

Front 46

dialogue

Back 46

a conversation in which both people participate fully and equitably, each influencing the encounter in ways that make it a unique creation.

Front 47

doorknob disclosures

Back 47

When the main concerns of a patient are told at the last instant of the medical visit.

Front 48

co-authoring (medical records)

Back 48

places patients in a central position, no longer excluded from details of their own health or forbidden to comment on it an official way.

Front 49

Planetree

Back 49

a nonprofit organization designed to help medical centers establish pleasing and empowering surroundings.

Front 50

telemedicine

Back 50

the process of communicating across distances for health-related purposes.

Front 51

socialization

Back 51

learning how to behave properly wihin a specific community.

Front 52

Voice of Medicine

Back 52

This voice (way of speaking) is characterized by carefully controlled compassion and a concern for accuracy and expediency.

Front 53

speech community

Back 53

a group whose members share a common set of expectations.

Front 54

case presentations

Back 54

episodes in which healthcare professionals meet to share information and evaluate the progress of their patients

Front 55

rote learning

Back 55

memorizing information without understanding it.

Front 56

problem-based learning (PBL)

Back 56

challenges students to apply information to actual scenarios, rather than simply memorize it.

Front 57

abuse

Back 57

negative acts or words unnecessarily harmful, injurious, harsh, or insulting.

Front 58

scut work

Back 58

menial chores no one else wants to do.

Front 59

rite of passage

Back 59

a challenge that qualifies one for advancement.

Front 60

professional autonomy

Back 60

caregivers work independently, making decisions without much supervision

Front 61

stress

Back 61

refers to physical and psychological responses to overwhelming stimuli.

Front 62

burnout

Back 62

emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and a reduced sense of accomplishment.

Front 63

emotional exhaustion

Back 63

the feeling of being drained and used up

Front 64

depersonalization

Back 64

the tendency to treat people in an unfeeling, impersonal way.

Front 65

reduced sense of personal accomplishment

Back 65

feeling like a failure.

Front 66

doublebind

Back 66

there are negative consequences no matter which option is chosen

Front 67

detached concern

Back 67

a sense of caring about other people without becoming emotionally involved in the process

Front 68

empathetic communication model of burnout

Back 68

health care is appealing to people who are concerned about others and are able to imagine other people's joy and pain.

Front 69

knowledge coupling

Back 69

a form of medical informatics in which patient information is entered into a computer data bank where it is matched(coupled) with extensive information about diagnoses, treatment options, the latest research, and more.

Front 70

Voice of Lifeworld

Back 70

concerned with health and illness as they relate to everyday experiences.

Front 71

Tuskegee Syphilis Study

Back 71

A group of black men who were studied, some were given the real vaccine while others were given a placebo; but there was no consent to do the testing

Front 72

informed consent

Back 72

patients must be fully aware of known treatment risks, benefits, and options; deemed capable of understanding such information and making a responsible judgment call; aware they they may refuse to participate or cease treatment at any time.

Front 73

personal identity

Back 73

a relatively enduring set of characteristics that define a person.

Front 74

social identities

Back 74

characterized by perceived membership in societal groups such as "retired persons" or "teenagers".

Front 75

tertiary identity

Back 75

a label that simultaneously defines the illness and one's alignment toward it.

Front 76

supernormal identity

Back 76

determined not to let the illness stop them from being better than ever.

Front 77

restored self

Back 77

wheny people are not quite as optimistic, but rypically deny that illness has changed them

Front 78

contingent personal identity

Back 78

when people admit that they may not be able to do everything they could previously do and begin to confront the consequences of a changed identity.

Front 79

salvaged self

Back 79

represents the development of a transformed identity that integrates former aspects of self with current limitations.

Front 80

narrative

Back 80

a story

Front 81

integrative health theory

Back 81

proposes that health is alignment between interpretive accounts (assumptions and explanations), performance (activities and behaviors), and self-image (understanding one's own identity)

Front 82

resistance

Back 82

to describe factors that threaten alignment.