Health Chapter 3

Front 1

neurons

Back 1

nerve cells

Front 2

cerebrum

Back 2

largest part of the brain with two hemispheres and four lobes

Front 3

brain stem

Back 3

nerve fibers connecting the brain and spinal cord pass through the __

Front 4

spinal cord

Back 4

thick bundle of nerve fibers connecting the brain to the rest of the body

Front 5

heat

Back 5

therm- or thermo-

Front 6

chemoreceptors

Back 6

nerve endings that are sensitive to chemicals

Front 7

sensory neurons

Back 7

neurons that transmit info about pain and the senses

Front 8

sclera

Back 8

tough, outermost layer of the eye, the white part

Front 9

retina

Back 9

thin layer of light sensitive nerve cells at the back of the eye

Front 10

motor neurons

Back 10

relays signals from the CNS to body parts

Front 11

interneurons

Back 11

relay messages from place to place within the CNS

Front 12

neurotransmitters

Back 12

chemicals that transmit messages between neurons

Front 13

iris

Back 13

the colored part of the eye that controls the size of the pupil

Front 14

cornea

Back 14

the transparent covering in front of the eye

Front 15

astigmatism

Back 15

focusing problem caused by an abnormally shaped cornea

Front 16

myopia

Back 16

nearsightedness, inability to focus on distant objects

Front 17

hyperopia

Back 17

farsightedness, inability to focus on nearby objects

Front 18

cerebellum

Back 18

part of the brain that controls complex movements

Front 19

eardrum

Back 19

a thin membrane stretched across the auditory canal

Front 20

cochlea

Back 20

snail shaped chamber of the inner ear

Front 21

auditory nerve

Back 21

transmits nerve impulses from cochlea to brain

Front 22

decibels

Back 22

the unit for measuring how loud a sound is

Front 23

anorexia nervosa

Back 23

eating disorder affecting mainly females that consists of a starvation diet

Front 24

bulimia

Back 24

eating disorder that affects males and females and involves binge eating and purging

Front 25

phobia

Back 25

best known type of anxiety disorder, irrational fears

Front 26

stress

Back 26

challenges in life and responses to them

Front 27

killing

Back 27

-cide

Front 28

depression

Back 28

mental disorder that feeds on self-pity and self-criticism

Front 29

auditory canal

Back 29

the tube connecting the outer ear to the middle ear

Front 30

nerve deafness

Back 30

loss of hearing associated with prolonged exposure to loud sounds

Front 31

rod cells

Back 31

cells in the retina that sense light and enable us to see in darkness

Front 32

cone cells

Back 32

cells in the retina that distinguish colors

Front 33

lens

Back 33

the part of the eye that focuses rays of light

Front 34

pupil

Back 34

the opening in the eye through which light enters

Front 35

mechanoreceptors

Back 35

receptors responsible for sensation of touch and pressure

Front 36

thermoreceptors

Back 36

receptors that respond to heat or cold

Front 37

peripheral nervous system

Back 37

spinal nerves and cranial nerves that branch from the CNS make up the __

Front 38

reflex

Back 38

nerve impulses processed by the spinal cord for quick action

Front 39

limbic system

Back 39

part of the brain that regulates emotions

Front 40

central nervous system (CNS)

Back 40

brain and spinal cord

Front 41

synapse

Back 41

junction between axons of one neuron and dendrites of another neuron

Front 42

meninges

Back 42

triple layer of protective tissues over the brain and spinal cord

Front 43

cerebrospinal fluid

Back 43

clear fluid that circulates through the meninges

Front 44

dendrites

Back 44

branching extensions of a neuron that receive impulses

Front 45

axons

Back 45

extensions of nerve cells up to a meter long that carry impulses to other nerve cells

Front 46

frontal lobe

Back 46

the region of the cerebrum responsible for problem solving

Front 47

parietal lobe

Back 47

the region of the cerebrum that processes sensory info from the body

Front 48

occipital lobe

Back 48

the region of the cerebrum that processes visual info

Front 49

temporal lobe

Back 49

the region of the cerebrum that processes auditory info

Front 50

thalamus

Back 50

the region of the limbic system that processes sensory info and aids in movement

Front 51

hypothalamus

Back 51

the region of the limbic system that regulates body temp, hunger, thirst, etc.

Front 52

amygdala

Back 52

the region of the limbic system responsible for fear and survival instinct

Front 53

hippocampus

Back 53

the region of the limbic system responsible for learning and memory

Front 54

neurology

Back 54

study of the nervous system-structure, function, disorders