Health Chapter 2

Front 1

Asphyxia

Back 1

Interrupted breathing leading to low levels of oxygen in the body, unconscious and often death.

Front 2

Burden of disease

Back 2

A measure of the impact of diseases and injuries, specifically it measures the gap between current health status and an ideal situation where everyone lives to an old age free of disease and disability, Biden of disease is measured in a unit called the DALY.

Front 3

Congenital malformations

Back 3

Refers to physical defects developing either in the uterus or dating from birth.

Front 4

Disability-adjusted life year ( DALY )

Back 4

A measure of burden of disease. One DALY equals one year of healthy of healthy life lost due to premature death and time lived with illness, disease or injury.

Front 5

Health-adjusted life year ( HALE )

Back 5

A measure of burden of disease on life expectancy at birth, but including an adjustment for time spent in poor health. It is the number of years in full health that a person can expect to live, based on current rates of ill health and mortality.

Front 6

Health indicators

Back 6

Standard statistics that are used to measure and compare health status (e.g. life expectancy, mortality rates, morbidity rates).

Front 7

Health status

Back 7

An individuals or a populations overall health, taking into account various aspects such as life expectancy, amount of disability and levels of disease risk factors.

Front 8

Hospital separation

Back 8

Episodes of hospital care that starts with admission and end at transfer, discharge or death.

Front 9

Incidence

Back 9

Refers to the number ( or rate ) of new cases of a disease/ condition in a population during a given period.

Front 10

Self-assessed health status

Back 10

A measure based on a persons own opinion about how they feel about their health and well-being, their state of mind and their life in general, commonly sourced from population surveys.

Front 11

Trend

Back 11

A general change or movement in a particular direction.

Front 12

Under five mortality rate (U5MR)

Back 12

The number of deaths of children under five years of age per 1000 live births.

Front 13

Years of life lost due to disability ( YLD )

Back 13

A measure of how many healthy years of life are lost due to illness, injury or disability.

Front 14

Years of life lost (YLL)

Back 14

A measure of how many years of expected life are lost due to premature death.

Front 15

Infant mortality rates

Back 15

The rate of deaths of infants between birth and their first birthday, usually expresses per 1000 live births.

Front 16

Life expectancy

Back 16

An indication of how long a person can expect to live. It is the number of years of life remaining to a person at a particular age of death rates do not change.

Front 17

Maternal mortality

Back 17

Deaths of a mother during pregnancy, childbirth or within six weeks of delivery.

Front 18

Maternal mortality ratio

Back 18

The number of mother’s who die as a result of pregnancy or childbirth per 100,000 live births.

Front 19

Morbidity

Back 19

Refers to I’ll health in an individual and the levels of ill health in a population or group.

Front 20

Mortality

Back 20

Refers to death, particularly at a population level.

Front 21

Mortality rate

Back 21

(Sometimes referred to as ‘death rate’) the measure of the proportion of a population who die in a one-year period ( usually per 100,000)

Front 22

Obstetric haemorrhage

Back 22

Heavy bleeding occurring as a result of pregnancy or childbirth.

Front 23

Prevalence

Back 23

The number or proportion of cases of a particular disease or condition present in a population at a given time.