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53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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differeniate between birth control and contraception
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birth control: anything designed to prevent or stop a pregnancy
contraception: specific term for any procedure used to prevent the fertilization of an ovum/egg |
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why is the withdrawal method a very ineffective birth control method?
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because sperm can be released from the penis before ejaculation
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can sperm be released from the penis before ejaculation?
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yes
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what must be determined in order for the 4 month of periodic abstinence to be effective
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everything; mainly when a women ovulates
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*how are safe days determined using the calendar method
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subtract 18 from the shortest cycle then subtract 11 from her longest cycle.
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what happens to a woman's body temperature around ovulation
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it rises .4 degrees around ovulation and remains elevated until the start of menstration
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name 2 specific drawbacks of the basal body temperature method
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1. accurate reading and realization that all women's bodies are different
2. body temperuature fluctuates because of a variety of illnesses and physical stressors |
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according to the billings' cervical method, how does a woman know when she is more fertile
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when mucus becomes clear and the consistency is of raw egg whites
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what are spermicides
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chemicals capable of killing sperm
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how are spermicides commonly used
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foams, gels, fil, suppositories
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do spermicides provide good protection against the AIDS virus
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no
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define pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
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an acute or chronic infection of the peritoneum or lining of the abdoniminopelvic cavity and fallopian tubes; associated with a variety or none at all and a potential cause of sterility
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do condoms completely protect people from acquiring gential herpes
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no
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what is a diaphragm
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a soft runner cup designed to cover the cervix
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what should be used with diaphragm to prevent pregnancy
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spermicidal cream or jelly
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how effective is the diaphragm in protecting a woman from most STDs
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they are not reliable at all
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how does the intrauterine device work
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it is small, plastic, medicated or unmedicated contraceptive device that prevents pregnancy when interested in the uterus
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why is the intrauterine device not considered a contraceptive device?
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because ovulation still occurs
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is PID possible with IUD users
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yes
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what are 4 ways that oral contraceptives function
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progesterone in the pill helps reduce the likelihood of ovulation. it also causes the uterine wall to develop inadequately and helps thicken cervical mucus
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what effect do antibiotics, other medicines or supplements have on the pill's effectiveness
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lowers effectiveness of pill
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*what are unplesant and potentially dangerous side effects of pills
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tenderness in breast tissue, nausea, mild headaches, slight irregular spotting, weight gain, fluctuations in sex drive, mild depression, more frequent vaginal infections, fluid retention, gall bladder disease
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how does the mini-pill work
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thickens cervix mucus, preventing ovulation and producing a think endometrial lining
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what hormone is found in the mini-pill
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low does progesterone, no estrogen
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define ectopic pregnancy (tubal pregnancy)
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pregnancy in which the fertilized ovum implants at a side other than the uterus, typically in the fallopian tubes
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name 2 complications found in mini-pill use
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1. causes ectopic pregnancy
2. breakthrough bleeding: when a women is having a period when she shouldnt be (pregnant, menopause, back to back periods) |
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what is the most common method of female sterilization
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tubal ligation
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how does tubal ligation prevent pregnancy
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fallopian tubes are cut and the ends are tied back to back
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define ovariectomy
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surgical removal of the ggs
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define hysterectomy
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surgical removal of the uterus
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define abortion
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induced premature termination of a pregnancy
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what 1973 supreme court case legalized abortion in the US
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roe vs. wade
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what drug is used for medication abortion that was once known as RU 486
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mifepristone and methtrexate
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what is the recommended time period for RU 486
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within 49 days of their last menstrual cycle
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*what is post abortion syndrome
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regretting abortion or being pyschologically affected by it
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what time period is post abortion syndrome likely to occur
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right after it. but it can occur weeks, months, years later
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should women consider post abortion syndrome before having an abortion
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yes
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approximately how many sperm are deposited with each ejaculation
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between 200 and 500 million sperm cells
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what male glands secrete fluid that provide alkaline environment which counteracts the low pH found in the vagina
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male accessory glands
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how fast do sperm travel after ejaculation into th vagina
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once inch per hour
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how long can sperm live in fallopian tubes
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48-72 hours
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how do home pregnancy tests work
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detects pregnancy hormone produced by fetus - human chorionic gonadotropic
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where is HGC (human chorionic gonadotropic) produced
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produced by fetus
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what 3 OTC drugs could harm the fetus
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aspirin, caffeine, antacids
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define trimester
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3 month period; human pregnancies encompass 3 trimesters
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what are braxton hicks contractions
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uterine contractions which are mildly in intesity and occur at regular intervals
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what is the purpose of th amniotic sac
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to protect the baby
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what is another name for the placenta
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after birth??
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what are clomid and pergonal
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clomid: medicine used to induce ovulation
pergonal: medicine for follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone |
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can contracting an STD result in infertility of a women
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yes
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define ultrasound
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check position, sex, size of fetus and abnormalities
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define amniocentesis
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test for abnormalities; there is a risk for miscarriage during this test
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define chroionic villi sampling
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detects abnormalities before amniocentesis; removes tissue that surrounds fetus
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