Health Assessement - Genital, Musculoskeletal, Neural

Front 1

What is the first menstruation called?

Back 1

menarche

Front 2

What is the absence of menstruation called?

Back 2

amenorrhea

Front 3

amenorrhea vs menopause

Back 3

amenorrhea - absence of period in regular cycle

menopause - ending of menstrual cycle

Front 4

What is the normal age for menopause?

Back 4

40-58

Front 5

When is menopause premature

Back 5

before 30

Front 6

When is menopause early?

Back 6

31-39

Front 7

When is menopause delayed?

Back 7

after 48

Front 8

A couple have been trying to have a child for 9 months, but have been unsuccessful. are they infertile?

Back 8

no - they must try for 1 year before it being classified as infertility

Front 9

Crabs aka

Back 9

peducluosis pubis - lice

Front 10

What are some effects of vaginal birth?

Back 10

cervical eversion
nabothian/retention cysts
bilateral, unilateral, transverse laceration
stellate laceration

Front 11

What is cervical eversion?

Back 11

columnar epith is everted - red ring around cervical os

Front 12

You see yellow translucent nodules on servix. what are these?

Back 12

nabothian/retnention cysts

normal after birth

Front 13

This is when bladder prolapses into vagina. etiology?

Back 13

cystocele - due to thickening of pelvic musculature

Front 14

This is when rectum protrudes into vagina. cause?

Back 14

rectocele - due to weakening of pelvic musculature

Front 15

The uterus is bulging outside of vagina. What degree of uterine prolapse

Back 15

o 1st degree – seen at vaginal opening
o 2nd degree – bulges outside of vagina
o 3rd degree – completely out of vagina

Front 16

you see yellow dsicharge from external os. what could it be?

Back 16

chlamydia/gonorrhea = mucopurulent cervicitis

Front 17

What causes yellow green frothy discharge from vagina?

Back 17

trichomonas - protozoa

Front 18

Chite cheesy discharge from vagina?

Back 18

candida - yeast

Front 19

Bacterial vaginosis dsicharge?

Back 19

thin, gray white

Front 20

pale vagina, easily bleeds

Back 20

atrophic vaginitis - menopasual symptom

Front 21

What are signs of uterinie cancer?

Back 21

enlarged mass, irrgular bleeding

Front 22

What is pelvic inflammatory disese? What are charactersitic findings for it? at risk for?

Back 22

= infection of fallopian tube - chlamydia/gonorrhea

chandelier's sign - bilateral adnexal masses

at risk for ectopic pregnancy (in fallopian tube)

Front 23

phimosis vs paraphimosis

Back 23

phimosis - tight foreskin cannot be retracted

paraphimosis - tight foreskin cannot return over glans

Front 24

tight foreskin on penis may result in

Back 24

phimosis, paraphimosis

Front 25

hypospadia vs epispadia

Back 25

hypospadia - ventral urethral meatus

epispadia - dorsal uretrhal meatus

Front 26

penis has uretrha on ventral surfface. what is it called?

Back 26

hypospadia

Front 27

penis has uretrha on dorsal surfface. what is it called?

Back 27

epispadia

Front 28

What is hydrocele? how do you test for it?

Back 28

= serous fluid outside testes

transilluminates

Front 29

failure of testicle to descend. risk for?

Back 29

cryptorchidism

risk for cancer

Front 30

What is orchitis?

Back 30

inflammation of testes

Front 31

you feel a "bag of worms" in scrotum. what is it?

Back 31

varicocele - dilated veins in spermatic cord

Front 32

What are the types of hernias

Back 32

indirect inguinal - goes throug internal canal, commonly down into scrotum

direct inguinal - up into external inguinal ring

femoral - through femoral ring

Front 33

what is most commmon kind of hernia? who is most at risk?

Back 33

indirect

children

Front 34

How do you check for a herniated disc?

Back 34

Lasegue's test:

lift patient's leg - positive with sciatica (pain shooting down one or both legs)

Front 35

What is Lasegue's test?

Back 35

test herniated disc --> lift leg, sciatica

Front 36

How do you test for carpal tunnel syndrome?

Back 36

phalen's test - dorsa of hands together while flexing wrists for one minute.
- pos with tingling, numbness, pain

Tinel's sign - lightlty percuss over median nerve

Front 37

What is Phalen's test?

Back 37

test for carpal tunnel

put dorsa of hands together for one minute

tingling, numb, pain is pos

Front 38

What is Tinel's sign

Back 38

checks for carpal tunel

lightly percuss over median nerve


tingling, numb, pain is pos

Front 39

How do you test for swelling?

Back 39

bulge test - stroke up medial side, stoke lateral side, fluid fills dimple if positive

ballottement test - pinch suprapatellar bursa - press down

Front 40

How to test for torn meniscus

Back 40

ballottement test

Mcmurray test
- supine, flex knee and hip. One hand holds patella, one holds heel. rotate and extend leg laterally, noting clicking and pain. do same while rotading and extending medially.

Front 41

What is mcmurry test?

Back 41

tests for torn meniscus

hold patella, hold heel. flex hip and knee. rotate and extend laterally and medially, noting clicking and pain.

Front 42

Flattening of lumbar curve is a sign of

Back 42

herniated disc

ankylosing spondylitis

Front 43

Describe signs of chronic rheumatoid arthritis

Back 43

boutonniere deformity - flexed pip, hyperextended dip

swan-neck deformity - hyperexteded pip, flexed dip

Front 44

signs of osteoarthritis?

Back 44

herbenden's nodules - nodule on dip

bouchard's nodules - nodule on pip

Front 45

boutenniere vs swan-neck vs herbendin vs bouchard

Back 45

rhematoid arthrithis - bouteniere (flexed pip, hyper dip) - swan neck (hyper pip, flexed dip)

osteo arthritis - herbenden (nodule on pip) - bouchard (nodule on dip)

Front 46

What is it called when great toe deviates laterally, commmonly overlapping second toe?

Back 46

hallux valgus

Front 47

What is hallux valugs?

Back 47

when great toe deviates laterally, commmonly overlapping second toe

Front 48

Hammer toe?

Back 48

hyperext of MTP joint with flex pip

= boutonieree of toes

Front 49

How to test for meningeal irritation/inflammation?

Back 49

brudzinski's sign
- supine
- use your hand to flex patient's neck
- positive if pt has pain, and flexes hips and knees involuntarily

kernig's sign
- supine
- flex leg at hip and knee, then extend knee
- back pain (bilateral = mening irritation)

Front 50

thesias and gesias?

Back 50

anesthesia
hypesthesia - decreased touch
hyperthesia
analgesia
hypalgesia - decreased sensit to pain
hyperalgesia

Front 51

Wide staggering unsteady gait is known as

Back 51

cerebellar ataxia

cerebellar dsiseases
alcochol

Front 52

Shuffling, stiff gait, stooped

Back 52

parkinson gait

Front 53

gait with thighs that overlap

Back 53

scissors gait

partial paralysis

Front 54

gait with flexed arm close to body, dragging or circling toe

Back 54

spastic hemiparesis

stroke (upper motor neuron lesion)

Front 55

gait, lift foot and knee high, slaps foot down

Back 55

foot drop

lower motor neuron disease