Health And Nutrition Chapter 15

Front 1

anablism

Back 1

the constructive phase of metabolism, which involves synthesis of substances to form new, larger substances

Front 2

anatomic position

Back 2

a standard reference point used by medical texts to present the body in which the model stands erect with the arms at sides and th palms turned forward

Front 3

anatomy

Back 3

science dealing with body structure

Front 4

atom

Back 4

the smallest particle of an element that retains the original properties of that element

Front 5

body cavity

Back 5

a space w/in the body that contains internal organs

Front 6

catabolism

Back 6

the destructive phase of metabolism; breaking down

Front 7

cell

Back 7

the minute protoplasmic building unit of living matter; the bodys basic structural unit

Front 8

cell membrane

Back 8

sufrace layer that surround th cells outer boundary and regulates what enters and leaves the cell, aka plasma membrane

Front 9

chemical change

Back 9

a change that alters a substances chemical composition

Front 10

chromosome

Back 10

body in the nucleus of the cell that carries genetic factors

Front 11

cilia

Back 11

hairlike threads that sweep materials across a cell

Front 12

compound

Back 12

substance composed of two or more elements united according to chemical weights; they undergo chemical change (elements lose their original characteristics

Front 13

cytoplasm

Back 13

area of the cell not located in the nucleus

Front 14

diaghragm

Back 14

the muscular partition b/w the thoracic and abdominal cavities, important in breathing;

Front 15

dorsal

Back 15

posterior or back side

Front 16

element

Back 16

a chemical substance made of atoms that cant be further divided w/o losing the characteristics of the substance; the physical and chemical properties of a particular element are always the same

Front 17

enzyme

Back 17

a protein produced in a cell that activates or speeds up a chemical reaction

Front 18

eponym

Back 18

a word or term based on the name of a person

Front 19

frontal

Back 19

pertaining to the forehead or the front, anterior, or ventral portion of the body when divided longitudally from side to side

Front 20

gene

Back 20

a unit of herediy w/in a chromosome

Front 21

homeostatsis

Back 21

stability, balance, or equilibrium in normal body states

Front 22

medical terminology

Back 22

vocab used in healthcare field

Front 23

meiosis

Back 23

cell divisionthat produces eggs or sperm containing half the number of needed chromosomes

Front 24

membrane

Back 24

a thin layer of tissue covering a surface

Front 25

metabolism

Back 25

ability to process, obtain energy from, and create new products using the chemicals found in foods

Front 26

mitosis

Back 26

cell division

Front 27

mixture

Back 27

a blend of two or more substances that have been brought together w/o forming a new compound

Front 28

nucleus

Back 28

body w/in the cell that contains chromosomes; sometimes referred to as the regulator

Front 29

organ

Back 29

a group of body tissues having a particular function

Front 30

pathophysiology

Back 30

study of disorders in functioning

Front 31

plane

Back 31

an imaginary flat surface that divides the body into sections

Front 32

physiology

Back 32

science that deals w/ body functions

Front 33

physical change

Back 33

a change in substance's outward properties (ie. ice to water)

Front 34

platelet

Back 34

type of blood cell composed of cell fragments that provide a major step in the blood clotting process

Front 35

protoplasm

Back 35

the essential component of a living cell

Front 36

quadrant

Back 36

one of four corresponding quartersw as of the abdomen or buttock (ie, the appendix is in the lowere right ab quadrant)

Front 37

sagittal

Back 37

an imaginary vertical plane that divides the body into right and left sides from top to bottom. the midsagittla plane divides the body into equal, symmetrical halves. (also means shaped like an arrow, as the coccyx or xiphoid process of the sternum)

Front 38

system

Back 38

a group of organs

Front 39

tissue

Back 39

a group of similar, specialized cells united ot perform a specific funtion, as the epithelial tissue

Front 40

transverse

Back 40

from side to side; crosswise

Front 41

ventral

Back 41

anterior or front

Front 42

viscera

Back 42

internal organs contained w/in a body cavity

Front 43

diffusion

Back 43

process where solutes move from an area of high concentration to low concentration

Front 44

osmosis

Back 44

process where solutes move from low concentration to a high concentration

Front 45

filtration

Back 45

removing particles from solutions by passing