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61 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Occurrence of a disease to a level in excess of the expected level |
Epidemic |
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Usual/constant presense of a disease with a predictable pattern |
Endemic |
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A disease spread over several continents/worldwide |
Pandemic |
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Single cases/clusters of disease which aren't normally present in an area. (Irregular/non frequent) |
Sporadic |
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What type of disease pattern would bird flu be classified as? |
Pandemic |
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What type of disease pattern would Malaria be classified as? |
Endemic |
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What is rabies caused by? |
An animal bite |
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What is yellow fever caused by? |
Mosquitos |
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What is small pox caused by? |
The variola virus (airborne) |
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What is the lassa fever virus caused by? |
Blood, urine, faeces of rats |
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Where is lassa fever virus located? |
West africa |
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What is dengue virus caused by? |
Mosquitos |
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What term specifically used death as it's defining criterion? |
Mortality |
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What does the term 'morbidity' focus on? |
The number of diseased in a population |
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What is the term for the occurance rate/frequency of a disease in a population? |
Incidence |
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What is the prevalence of a disease? |
The proportion of a population with a condition |
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What is the bmi range for someone who is 'normal'? |
18.5-24.9 |
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What is the bmi range for someone who is underweight? |
<18.5 |
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What is the bmi range for someone who is overweight? |
25-29.9 |
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What is the bmi range for someone who is obese? |
30-39.9 |
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What is the bmi range for someone who is morbidly obese? |
>40 |
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What is the bmi range for someone who is obese (1)? |
30-34.9 |
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What is the bmi range for someone who is obese (2)/extremely obese? |
35-39.9 |
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What is the medical name for someone who has 'wasting syndrome'? |
Cachexia |
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What is cachexia? |
Wasting syndrome (loss of weight, fatigue, weakness, lose of appetite) |
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What range of plasma glucose levels are typical in normal individuals? |
4-7mM |
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What blood glucose levels would someone with hypoglycemia have? |
<4mM |
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If someone had diabetes what would their blood glucose levels be? |
>7mM |
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If someone had blood glucose levels of >15mM what condition would they have? |
Hyperglycaemia |
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What is the difference between hypoglycaemia and hyperglycaemia? |
Hypoglycemia: low blood glucose levels, Hyperglycaemia: high blood glucose levels |
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What are the 5 main events of acute inflammation? |
Vasodilation, increased vascular permeability, activation of endothelial cells, production of chemotactic factors, migration of neutrophils |
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If a person has deficiency of all types of blood cells caused by failure of bone marrow development, what condition would they have? |
Aplastic anaemia |
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What is pernicious anaemia? |
A deficiency in the production of red blood cells through lack of vitamin B12 |
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When bone marrow activity cannot compensate for an increased loss of red blood cells (abnormal breakdown of RBCs) would cause what condition? |
Haemolytic anaemia |
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How is anaemia defined? |
As a decrease in the amount of red blood cells or hemoglobin in the blood |
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What type of anaemia is hereditary? |
Sickle cell anaemia |
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Crescent shaped red blood cells would be present in what condition? |
Sickle cell anaemia |
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What causes red blood cells to be distorted into a crescent shape at low oxygen levels? |
A mutated form of haemoglobin |
Sickle cell anaemia |
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What is another word for platelets? |
Thrombocytes |
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What condition results from a reduction in the number of white cells in the blood? |
Leucopenia |
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What condition would result from an increase in the number of white cells in the blood? (Especially during infection) |
Leukocytosis |
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Out of thrombocytosis and thrombocytopenia, which condition is defined by a reduced platelet count? |
Thrombocytopenia |
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What is thrombocytosis? |
When the body produces too many platelets |
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What is polycythemia? |
Increased level of circulating red blood cells in the bloodstream. Increased hematocrit, hemoglobin, RBC count |
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What is thrombocytopenia? |
Reduced blood platelet count |
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What medication treats bacterial infections? |
Antibiotics |
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What medication lowers blood triglyceride levels and can increase cholesterol? |
Fibrates |
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What do beta blockers do? |
Prevent stimulation of the adregenergic receptors responsible for increased cardiac action. Used to control heart rhythm, Treat angina, Reduce high blood pressure |
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Which medication inhibits the enzyme HMG-cOA to lower cholesterol? |
Statins |
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What group of resins reduce cholesterol by binding certain components of bile? |
Bile acid sequestrants |
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Out of hyper/hypo which one means high/increased and which one means low/decreased? |
Hyper: high/increased Hypo: low/decreased |
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What is a prion? |
A protein that causes brain deterioration |
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Is yeast a prokaryote or eukaryote? |
Eukaryote |
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Does yeast reproduce sexually? |
Yes |
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What is the body unable to do if a person has diabetes? |
Break down glucose into energy |
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Which type of diabetes is there no insulin produced? |
Type 1 diabetes |
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Which type of diabetes occurs when the body doesnt produce enough insulin or body cells don't react to insulin? |
Type 2 diabetes |
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What is the term for high levels of blood glucose in pregnancy so the body is unable to produce enough insulin to absorb it? |
Gestational diabetes |
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What type of cancer is non solid and caused by increased abnormal/immature leukocytes? |
Leukaemia |
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What type of cancer is defined by a tumour of connective/non epithelial tissue? |
Sarcoma |
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What type of cancer develops from epithelial cells? |
Carcinoma |
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