Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
118 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
endocrine system
|
group of organs and hormones that control the development of the body's reproductive uints, and physical maturity, maintains body temperature, controls appetite and thirst, food dfigestion, elimination of waste by kidneys, sleeping cycle
|
|
|
endocrine glands
|
organs of the endocrine system
|
|
|
hormones
|
chemical substances that come from the endocrine glands and organs through the blood to regulate growth and activity
|
|
|
hypothalamus
|
regulates body temperature, blood pressue, hunger and thirst and levels of hormones that are in the bloodstream
|
|
|
where is the hypothalamus located?
|
brain
|
|
|
pituitary gland
|
the endocrine gland that produces hormones that regulate growth rate and stimulate other glands to release other hormones
|
|
|
where is the pituitary gland located?
|
brain
|
|
|
thyroid gland
|
controls metabolims
|
|
|
lack of _____ can cause a ______ thyroid which is called a _________
|
iodine, enlarged, goiter
|
|
|
where is the thyroid gland located?
|
throat
|
|
|
adrenal gland
|
produces adrenaline, and also aid in regulating metabolism and water in the blood
|
|
|
where is the adrenal gland located?
|
top of kidneys
|
|
|
pancreas
|
controls the rate at which glucose is removed from the blood by the cells to be used
|
|
|
insulin
|
tells cells to pick up glucose so they can use it for energy, blood sugar breakdown
|
|
|
diabetic
|
people with poor insulin production
|
|
|
ovaries
|
produce estrogen and eggs
|
|
|
female hormone
|
estrogen
|
|
|
testes
|
produce testosterone and sperm
|
|
|
male hormone
|
testosterone
|
|
|
Do both sexes have both estrogen and testosterone?
|
yes, they are not the same amount though
|
|
|
puberty (female)
|
estrogen is responsibel for a majority of the changes that happen to a woman during this time
|
|
|
secondary sex characteristics (female)
|
voice change, pubic hair, increased oil produciton of the skin
|
|
|
eggs
|
female reproductive unit that must combine with the sperm to create an embryo
|
|
|
ovary
|
female reprodudtiveorgan that producesegg cells and releases sex hormones
|
|
|
fallopian tube
|
egg passes from ovary to uterus
|
|
|
where does fertillization occur?
|
fallopian tube
|
|
|
uterus
|
muscular female reproductive organ in which the baby developes
|
|
|
what is another name for the uterus?
|
womb
|
|
|
endometrim lining
|
lines the uterus and provides nourishment for egg in its early stages of developement
|
|
|
cervix
|
muscle that keeps the baby in, portion of the uterus which leads to the vagina
|
|
|
vagina
|
birth canal
|
|
|
urinary bladder
|
structure that stores urine
|
|
|
urethra
|
small tube that leads from the bladder to the urethral opening
|
|
|
rectum
|
removal of feces
|
|
|
clitoris
|
sensitive organ
|
|
|
first menstrual cycle begins between ages ___ and ___, average age is ___
|
9-16
avg.12 |
|
|
PMS
|
permenstrual syndrome
|
|
|
permenstrual syndrome
|
physical and emotional symptoms that are displayed anywhere up to two weeks prior to menstruation
|
|
|
symptoms of PMS
|
nausea, headaches, fatique, blotting, weight gain, mood swings
|
|
|
relieve PMS symptoms
|
medications, decrease salt, derease caffeine, exercise, age
|
|
|
menopause
|
time of woman's life when ovilation stops
|
|
|
about what age does menopause happen
|
45-55
|
|
|
ovulation
|
eggg is released from the ovary through the fallopian tube to the uterus, also during this time the endormetrium lining thickens in preparation for a fertilized egg
|
|
|
menstruation
|
the process of the unfertilized egg cell and the endometrium lining are discharged from a woman's body
|
|
|
how long does menstruation last
|
3-7 days
|
|
|
how long is the cycle of menstruation
|
26-30 days (usually 28)
|
|
|
ovarian cyst
|
fluid filled sac on the ovary
|
|
|
cancer
|
endometrim, cervix and ovaries, detected by PAP test
|
|
|
PAP test
|
take cells from cervix to screen for cancer
|
|
|
infertility (female)
|
failure to ovulate
blockage of fallopian tube endometriosis pelvic inflammatory disease |
|
|
female reproductive disorders
|
ovarian cyst
cancer infertility amenorrhea |
|
|
endometriosis
|
endomtrium grows larger than usual and can block the other tubes
|
|
|
pelvic inflammatory disease
|
infection of the fallopian tubes or other organs
|
|
|
amenorrhea
|
loss of period during a monthly cycle can be caused by excessive exercise, anorexia and bulimia,or low body fat
|
|
|
between the ages ___ and ___ boys under go puberty
|
11 and 15
|
|
|
secondary sex charcteristics (male)
|
voice becomes lower, pubic hair begins to grow, more oil produced
|
|
|
sperm
|
cell that fertilizes egg
|
|
|
sperm parts
|
head
body tail |
|
|
testes
|
production house of sperm
|
|
|
where are the testes located?
|
inside scroum underneath and behind penis
|
|
|
scrotum
|
holds the testes, cremaster muscle is used to control the temperature of the testes to insure healthy sperm are produced
|
|
|
vas deferens
|
tube that leads sperm from the testes to the uretha
|
|
|
prostate gland
cowpers gland seminal vessicles |
release fluids prior to and during ejaculation to clean the urethea and aid sperm inside the vagina
|
|
|
semen
|
combination of sperm and fluids released from the prostate gland, cowpers gland, and seminal vessicles
|
|
|
urethra (male)
|
passageway from bladder to end of penis used for both urine and semen
|
|
|
epididymis
|
tiny coiled tubes located on the backside of each testes used to hold sperm
|
|
|
seminiferous tubules
|
produce and store hundreds of billions of sperm
|
|
|
foreskin
|
layer that surrounds the head on the penis and can cause infection
|
|
|
circumcision
|
removal of foreskin
|
|
|
ejaculation
|
muscle contractions that push the seman through the urethra and out of the penis
|
|
|
developmental disorders (male)
|
failure of the testes to fall from the abdomen
inguinal hernia testicular cancer prostate disorders infertility |
|
|
prostate disorders
|
enlargement of the prostate can cause blockageof the urination
|
|
|
infertility (male)
|
low sperm count caused by such things like STD's, homonal disorders, drugs, or other infections
|
|
|
fertilization
|
joining of the egg and sperm
|
|
|
embryo
|
this is the name of a fertillized egg during the first two months
|
|
|
what 3 things help keep the embryo healthy?
|
placenta
umbilical cord amniotic sac |
|
|
placenta
|
surrounds the embryo and provides nourishment
|
|
|
umbilical cord
|
connects baby to the placenta so that blood, oxygen, and nutrients can be passed from mother to child
|
|
|
amniotic sac
|
fluid that surrounds the baby to maintain temperature and cushion the baby through development
|
|
|
fetus
|
third month until birth
|
|
|
birth
|
approximately 36-40 weeks after fertilization
|
|
|
labor
|
birthing process
|
|
|
stage one of labor
|
mild contractions in the abdomen pushing the baby against the cervix causing it to dilate
|
|
|
stage two of labor
|
baby passes through the cervix and mves into the birth canal head appears first, shoulders, then rest of the body
|
|
|
stage three of labor
|
after the baby is born the muscles of the uterus continue to contract causing the placenta and umbilical cord to separate from the lining of the uterus
|
|
|
afterbirth
|
stage three of labor, usually lasts 5-10 minutes
|
|
|
types of twins
|
identical
fraternal |
|
|
identical twins
|
developed from the same fertilized egg
|
|
|
fraternal twins
|
develp at the same time but from different fertilized eggs
|
|
|
breech birth
|
feet or buttocks of the baby start to come out first
|
|
|
Cesarean section
|
incision in the abdomen and uterus and lift the baby out
|
|
|
problems during pregnancy
|
morning sickness
anemia-low iron toxemia-retention of toxic waste |
|
|
miscarriage
|
uterus contracts forcing a non-living embryo from the body
|
|
|
stillbirth
|
birth to a non-living fetus after a full term of pregnancy
|
|
|
premature birth
|
babies born before they are fully developed
|
|
|
does the egg or sperm determine the sex of the baby?
|
sperm
|
|
|
XX
|
female
|
|
|
XY
|
male
|
|
|
male sterilization processes
|
vasectomy
|
|
|
female sterilization preocesses
|
hysterectomy
tubal ligation |
|
|
vasectomy
|
cutting the Vas Deferens
|
|
|
is vasectomy an out patient or hospital stay surgery?
|
out patient
|
|
|
hysterectomy
|
surgical removal of the uterus
|
|
|
tubal ligaiton
|
surgical blockage of the fallopian tubes
|
|
|
is hysterectomy an out patient or hospital stay surgery?
|
stay in hospital
|
|
|
is tubal ligation an out patient or hospital stay surgery?
|
stay in hospital
|
|
|
what is the #1 bacterial STD?
|
Chlamydia
|
|
|
what is the #2 bacterial STD?
|
Gonorrhea
|
|
|
what is the #3 bacterial STD?
|
Syphillis
|
|
|
what is the #2 most common STD?
|
Trichomonas
|
|
|
Human Papilloma Virus
|
HPV
|
|
|
HPV has
|
genital warts
|
|
|
what is the #1 viral STD?
|
HPV
|
|
|
what is the #1 most common STD?
|
HPV
|
|
|
42 million people are infected with this worldwide
|
HIV/AIDS
|
|
|
skin to skin STD's
|
HPV
Herpes II Syphilis |
|
|
what is the female sex hormone?
|
oxytocin
|
|
|
what is the male sex hormone?
|
vasopressin
|
