Head&neck- Muscles

Front 1

Almost all hyoid muscles insert into the _____ bone.

Back 1

hyoid

Front 2

The sternothyroid inserts into _______ cartilage.

Back 2

thyroid

Front 3

The Hyoid Muscles assist in what 3 functions:

Back 3

1-mastication

2-swallowing

3-speech

Front 4

The suprahyoids _________ the hyoid bone.

Back 4

elevate

Front 5

When swallowing the mandible is held closed by the muscles of ________ and the _________ muscles pull the hyoid bone upward.

Back 5

mastication; suprahyoid

Front 6

If the hyoid bone is held stable by the infrahyoid muscles, the suprahyoids do what upon contraction?

Back 6

depress the mandible (open the mouth)

Front 7

The _______ muscle has 2 heads.

Back 7

Masseter (superficial and deep)

Front 8

The 2 digastric heads are also known as what term?

Back 8

"bellies"

Front 9

The anterior belly of the digastric is innervated by _____ (mylohyoid branch)

Back 9

V3

Front 10

The posterior belly of the digastric muscle _______ medial to the mastoid process & ______ on the hyoid bone.

Back 10

originates; inserts

Front 11

The posterior belly of the digastric is innervated by CN _____ .

Back 11

VII

Front 12

The ______ muscles have fibers which run across the 2 sides of the mouth.

Back 12

mylohyoid

Front 13

The mylohyoid muscle forms what area of the mouth, and is innervated by what nerve?

Back 13

-floor of mouth

-V3

Front 14

Name the 4 SUPRAHYOID muscles:

Back 14

1-Digastric

2-Mylohyoid

3-Stylohyoid

4-Geniohyoid

Front 15

Name the 4 INFRAHYOID muscles:

Back 15

1-Sternothyroid

2-Sternohyoid

3-Omohyoid

4-Thyrohyoid

Front 16

Name the ORIGIN of the Sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle:

Back 16

sternum & clavicle

Front 17

Name the INSERTION of the SCM Muscle:

Back 17

mastoid process of temporal bone

Front 18

Name the ACTION of the SCM:

Back 18

contraction of both sides

"bows the head"

Front 19

What is the INNERVATION of the SCM:

Back 19

CN XI - Accessory Nerve

Front 20

What cranial nerve innervates the muscles of facial expression?

Back 20

CN VII

Front 21

What are the 3 muscles involved in the Muscles of Mastication:

Back 21

1-Pterygoids

2-Masseter

3-Temporalis

Front 22

What cranial nerve innervates the muscles of mastication?

Back 22

V3 (of Trigeminal)

Front 23

What cranial nerve innervates the SCM Muscle:

Back 23

CN XI (Accessory Nerve)

Front 24

What cranial nerve innervates the Trapezius Muscle:

Back 24

CN XI (Accessory Nerve)

Front 25

The SCM & Trapezious muscles are both innervated by which nerve:

Back 25

CN XI (Accessory)

Front 26

Which nerves innervate these 3 Infrahyoid muscles: sternohyoid, sternothyroid, omohyoid

And should be used for general infrahyoid innervation questions?

Back 26

2nd & 3rd Cervical Nerves

Front 27

What Infrahyoid muscle is innervated by C-1 by way of CN XII?

Back 27

Thyrohyoid

Front 28

Name the 5 Parts of the Suprahyoid Muscles:

Back 28

1-Digastric Anterior Belly

2-Mylohyoid

3-Digastric Posterior Belly

4-Stylohyoid

5-Geniohyoid

Front 29

What part of the Suprahyoid is innervated by the Mylohyoid Nerve, a division of V3?

Back 29

Digastric Anterior Belly

Front 30

What other part of the Suprahyoid (other than Digastric Anterior Belly) is innervated by the Mylohyoid Nerve, a branch of V3?

Back 30

Mylohyoid

Front 31

What part of the Suprahyoid is innervated by the Posterior Digastric nerve, a division of CN VII?

Back 31

Digastric Posterior Belly

Front 32

What part of the Suprahyoid is innervated by the Stylohyoid nerve, a branch of CN VII?

Back 32

Stylohyoid

Front 33

What part of the Suprahyoid is innervated by the 1st Cervical Nerve by way of Hypoglossal (XII)?

Back 33

Geniohyoid

Front 34

V3 innervates what muscles?

Back 34

1-Muscles of Mastication

2-Mylohyoid

3-Anterior Belly of Digastric

Front 35

CN VII innervates what muscles?

Back 35

1-Muscles of Facial Expression

2-Posterior Belly of Digastric

Front 36

CN XI innervates what 2 muscles?

Back 36

1-SCM
2-Trapezius

Front 37

The 2nd & 3rd Cervical Nerves innervate what muscles?

Back 37

Infrahyoid muscles

(EXCEPT thyrohyoid)

Front 38

Name the 5 parts of the Muscles of Mastication:

Back 38

1-Masseter (Superficial Head)

2-Masseter (Deep Head)

3-Temporalis

4-Medial Pterygoid

5-Lateral Pterygoid

Front 39

Name the ORIGIN of Masseter (Superficial Head):

Back 39

Zygomatic Arch

Front 40

Name the INSERTION of Masseter (Superfical Head):

Back 40

Lateral surface of Mandible

(ramus & angle)

Front 41

Name the ACTION of Masseter (Superficial Head):

Back 41

Elevates mandible

Front 42

Name the ORIGIN of Masseter (Deep Head):

Back 42

Zygomatic Arch

(posterior one third & entire medial surface)

Front 43

Name the INSERTION of Masseter (Deep Head):

Back 43

Lateral surface of Mandible

Front 44

Name the ACTION of Masseter (Deep Head):

Back 44

Elevates mandible

Front 45

Name the ORIGIN of Temporalis:

Back 45

Temporal fossa

(fan-like attachment)

Front 46

Name the INSERTION of Temporalis:

Back 46

Coronoid process of Mandible

Front 47

Name the ACTION of Temporalis:

Back 47

Elevates mandible

(when posterior portion contracts, mandible retracts)

Front 48

Name the ORIGIN of Medial Pterygoid:

Back 48

Medial surface of Lateral Pterygoid plate

Front 49

Name the INSERTION of Medial Pterygoid:

Back 49

Medial surface of the Angle of Mandible

Front 50

Name the ACTION of Medial Pterygoid:

Back 50

Elevates mandible

Front 51

Name the ORIGIN of the 2 Lateral Pterygoids (superior & inferior heads):

Back 51

-Superior: Inferior portion of greater wing of sphenoid bone

-Inferior: Lateral surface of lateral pterygoid plate

Front 52

Name the INSERTION of both Lateral Pterygoid:

Back 52

Pterygoid fovea on anterior surface of condyle

Front 53

Name the ACTIONS of both Lateral Pterygoid:

what happens when they both contract?

what happens when one contracts?

Back 53

-When both heads contract the mandible PROTRUDES

-When one contracts the mandible SHIFTS LATERALLY to opposite side

-The Inferior head can slightly DEPRESS the mandible