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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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When inspecting an infant's nose what are you assessing for? (mult answers)
A. Symmetry and Positioning B. Nasal Patency C. Paranasal sinuses |
A & B
-the paranasal sinuses do not develop completely until early childhood: maxillary sinuses by 4yrs, frontal sinuses by 5-6yrs |
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In older adults does mucous production and salivary flow increase or decrease?
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Decrease
-they tend to have dry nasal mucosa, reduced salivary flow, and thinning buccal mucosa -they may also have fissures and varicose veins on tongue |
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True or False: Fordyce spots are enlarged ectopic sebaceous glands in the oral mucosa and are usually benign
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True.
-small yellow spots found in the mouth |
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When asking a patient to say "ah", the soft palate should rise symmetrically and the uvula should remian midline. What cranial nerves does this test?
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Cranial nerves IX glossopharyngeal & X vagus
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Deviation of the uvula to one side may indicate any or all of the following:
A. vagus nerve paralysis B. peritonsilar abscess C. Normal finding |
A. & B.
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The easiest way to assess the thyroid gland is by
A. standing in front of the patient B. standing from the side C. standing behind |
C.
-can assess from front or behind patient -palpate on either side of the cricoid and have patient gently swallow -Assess for: Size,Shape, Configuration,Consistency, Tenderness, Nodules -If gland is enlarged, auscultate for bruits. -Evaluate range of motion of the neck. |
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Fontanels close at:
A. 2 months to 2 years B. at birth C. 6 months |
A.
-the anterior fontanel closes by 24 months/ 2yrs -the posterior fontanel closes by 2 months |
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Why would you transilluminate an infants skull?
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Check for suspected intracranial lesions or excess fluid for an increased head circ
-usually use a CT instead |
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What is premature closure of one or more of the cranial sutures called?
A. microcephaly B. encephalocele C.craniosynostosis |
C. craniosynostosis
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True or False:
Cranial bruits are commen in children up to 5yrs of age |
True
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True or False
The Macewen sign tests for an enlarged thyroid in children |
False
-involves direct percusion of the skull to test for hydrocephaly or brain abscess (will hear a strong resonant sound near frontal, temporal, and parietal bones) |
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Ms. Jones is a 25-year-old patient who presents to your office with a complaint of a severe pulsating headache accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and scotoma. Which type of headache does Ms. Jones have?
A) Temporal B) Migraine C) Cluster D) Traumatic |
B. migraine
-temporal described as throbbing, occurs at any time -cluster described as intense burning or searing, occurs more in males, & at night |
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Older adults can experience any or all of the following:
A. decreased production of T4 B. fibrotic changes with the thyroid C. pain, dizziness, or crepitus with ROM of neck D. all of the above |
D. all of the above
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A neural tube defect with protrusions of the brain and membranes that cover it through an opening in the skull?
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Encephalocele
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Circumference of the head is smaller than normal because the brain has stopped growing and has not developed appropriately
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Microcephaly
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Name some of the things you need to assess in a pregnant woman relating to the head/neck?
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-chloasma (mask of pregnancy)
-auscultate for thyriod bruit -palpate for hypertrophy of thyroid -need to know gestation/postpartum duration -h/x of PIH -presence of pre-existing disease |
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T or F
As long as adequate iodine intake is maintained (200mcg/day), the size of the thyroid will not change by physical exam |
True
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On physical examination you note the thyroid is enlarged B/L. You follow up by:
A. Checking for tracheal deviation B. measuring the size of the thyroid C. listening for bruits D. assessing JVD |
C
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The joint that forms the articulation between the temporal bone and the mandible in front of the tragus is:
A. temporomandibular joint B. mandibulartemporo joint C. zygomandibular joint D. zygomatic joint |
A
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The isthmus of the thyroid gland is located just below the:
A. cricoid cartilage B. hyoid bone C. thyroid cartilage D. larynx |
A
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Patency of the nostrils is assessed by having the individual:
A. breathe through both nares rapidly B. sniff inward through one naris while the other is occluded C. blow out through each naris while the other is occluded D. observe each naris for flaring during each inhalation and exhalation |
B. Patency means "openness"; therefore it is important to test the nares individually to know where the sound of moving air is coming from
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The roof of the mouth is divided into two parts known as the:
A. hard and soft palates B. anterior and posterior palates C. frontal and ethmoid arches D. superior lingual and uvular arches |
A
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The oropharynx is separated from the mouth by which of the following?
A. frenulum B. posterior pharyngeal wall C. tonsillar pillars D. dorsum of the tongue |
C
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Which of the following is NOT considered a border for the oral cavity?
A. lips B. cheeks C. tongue D. tonsils |
D. While the mouth ends at the tonsils, the oral cavity is defined as including the oropharynx as well
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Which of the following is a true statement regarding the paranasal sinuses?
A. They are fully developed in the newborn & shrink in size during puberty B. They are totally absent in the newborn & rapidly develop during puberty C. They are not all present in the newborn but grow & develop with the child, reaching full development after puberty D. Their absence in the newborn & during infancy prevents the development of resp. infections |
C. The gradual development of sinuses is important knowledge to support assessment that is sensitive to developmental considerations
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Patency of the nostrils is assessed by having the individual:
A. breathe through both nares rapidly B. sniff inward through one naris while the other is occluded C. blow out through each naris while the other is occluded D. observe each naris for flaring during each inhalation and exhalation |
B. Patency means "openness"; therefore it is important to test the nares individually to know where the sound of moving air is coming from
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The roof of the mouth is divided into two parts known as the:
A. hard and soft palates B. anterior and posterior palates C. frontal and ethmoid arches D. superior lingual and uvular arches |
A
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The oropharynx is separated from the mouth by which of the following?
A. frenulum B. posterior pharyngeal wall C. tonsillar pillars D. dorsum of the tongue |
C
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Which of the following is NOT considered a border for the oral cavity?
A. lips B. cheeks C. tongue D. tonsils |
D. While the mouth ends at the tonsils, the oral cavity is defined as including the oropharynx as well
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Which of the following is a true statement regarding the paranasal sinuses?
A. They are fully developed in the newborn & shrink in size during puberty B. They are totally absent in the newborn & rapidly develop during puberty C. They are not all present in the newborn but grow & develop with the child, reaching full development after puberty D. Their absence in the newborn & during infancy prevents the development of resp. infections |
C. The gradual development of sinuses is important knowledge to support assessment that is sensitive to developmental considerations
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