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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Skin,Hair,and Nails
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examine each region. Inspect and Palpate.
Color:Cyanosis,jaudice,carotenemia,changes in melanin. -Moisture:moist,dry,oily -Temperature:cool,warm -Texture:smooth,rough -Mobility:ease with which a fold of skin can be moved. Decreased in Edema. -Turgor:speed with which the fold returns into moved. Decreased in dehydration. ***************************** Nails: Inspect and palpate the fingernails and toenails -color:cyanosis,pallor -shape:clubbing -any lessions:paronycfhia,onycholysis ***************************** Hair inspect and palpate the hair -quantity:thin,thick -distribution:patchy,or total alopecia -lice or genders in hair |
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Head and Neck
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Head
INSPECT AND PALPATE THE SKULL -check for any scars,bumbs or injury in head. -check for head to be round related to body size. Palpate the temperal artery above the zygomatic(cheek)bone between the eye and top of the ear -have patient open the mouth and note normally smooth movement with no limitations and tenderness. -inspect the face for swelling, or color changes Neck INSPECT AND PALPATE TEH NECK -Head position is centered in the midline. The head should be held erect and still. -ROM:Note any limitations of movement during active motion. -Ask patient to touch the chin to the chest,turn to the right and left,try to touch each ear to the shoulder(without elevating shoulders)and to extend head backwards. -lymphnodes:Using a gentle circular motion of your fingerpads, palpate the lymph nodes (illustration pg.281) -palpate noduls, trachea, if head moves to right or to left it is a neurothorax |
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Eyes
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-Snellen eye chart(20 feet), determine if patient has (presbyopia,nearsighted, far sighted, or cross eye
-Ask patient to hold head steady and follow your finger,pen,or penlight only with the eyes. -Corneal light reflex:Ask patient to stare at light. Note the reflection of the light on the corneas, it should exacly on the same spot on both eyes. -check eyebrows to be present with no lesions or scaling -eyelids and lashes instact with no redness,swelling,discharge,orlesions. -Eyeballs to be in place in the socket -conjunctiva:it looks glossy and moist. some blood vessels may show through transparent conjuntiva -Lacrimal Apparatus (usually pink). light pink indicates anemia, hemoblobin less tahn 12 indicate anemia. |
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Ears
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-cerumen or wax
-check for size, shape, and to same level of eye. -pull ear upto check for otitis in baby -pull era up/down to check for otitis media in baby. -Inspect ear using otoscope for any infection/cerumen. -pull the pinna up and back to check for tenderness -whisper to patient for hearing test. |
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Nose,Mouth,and Thoat
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Nose
INSPECT AND PALPATE THE NOSE -check for any ulcer inside nose -inspect for any deformity, inflamation, or skin lesions -Test the patency of the nostrils by pushing each nasal wing shut with your finger while asking the person to sniff inward throuth the other naris. *use the otoscope to chevck inside nose. -Observe the nasal septum for deviation. Palpate the sinus area for tenderness Mouth -inspect the teeth -inspect the gums for swelling,or bleeding -inspect for any dryness,color,cracking,lesions or chop lips. -inspect the tongue for color,surface charateristics and moisture. (pink,roughened,saliva present). -inspect for any white patches or lesion. Throat -inspect tonsils for non swelling -Inspect for tonsils to be pink in color -Anterior hard palate is white/posterior hard palate is pink and there is no swelling |
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Breasts
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INSPECT THE BREASTS
-Note symetry of size and shape (letf usually slighly larger than right.) -skin:smooth and of even color with no edema present -inspect the nipple:it should be in place in teh same plane and on both breasts. -inspect for signs of cancer (A,B,C,D,E,)(see handout) - |
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Thorax and Lungs
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Thorax
-Note the shape and configuration of the chest wall. -The spinous process shoul appear in a straigh line. -Note position person takes breath -Assess skin color and condition -palpate the posterior chest Lungs -Ausculate at tap in S direction in middle line in front and back (P,A,tri,mitral). |
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Heart
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-palpate each caratid artery medial to the sternomastoid muscle in the neck
-feel the amplitude of the pulse -Ausculate the caratid artery -Inspect the jugular venous pulse -Estimate the jigular venouse preassure (abn above 3cm at 45 degrees occur with heart failure, perform hepatojigular reflux. -palpate the apical pulse (using one finger and asking to exhale then hold it. -percussion -Auculate from s1,s2 -listen for murmurs with bell -change position,roll pt to left listen with bell for diastic filling ex.s3,s4 -Ausculate sitting upand ask to exhale use diaphragmfirmly press at the base right and left sides check for soft high pitched early diastolic murmur of aortic or pulmonic regurgitation |
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Abdomen
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-Inspect abdomen for color, smoothness
-umbilicus is in midline -Ausculate bowel sounds and vascular sounds -percuss abdomen -light and deep palpation (first four fingers)make the division, all organs except kidneys can not be felt. -look for any inflamation *start right lower |
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Muscleskeletal
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-palpate the hands
-inspect joint muscle using force -elbow straight touch nose -compare both shoulders -cervical spine -ROM -inspect elbow for any deformity,redness,orswelling |
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neurologic System
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Test Cranial Nerves
CN1- Olfactory nerve CN2- |
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Male genalia
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to be continue
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Female genatalia
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to be continue
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Anus, Rectum, and Prostate
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to be continue
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unknown
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Tell you later
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