Head & Neck Anatomy Ch 7

Front 1

Key Term:

Lacrimal glands produce less lacrimal fluid

Back 1

Dry Eye Syndrome (DES)

Front 2

Key Term:

Passageway to carry the secretion from the exocrine gland to the location where it will be used.

Back 2

Duct

Front 3

Key Term:
Type of gland without a duct, with the secretion being poured directly into the vascular system, which then carries secretion to the region in which it is to be used

Back 3

Endocrine Gland

Front 4

Key Term:
Type of gland with an associated duct that serves as a passageway for the secretion so that it can be emptied directly into the location where the secretion is to be used.

Back 4

Exocrine Gland

Front 5

Key Term:
Structure that produces a chemical secretion necessary for normal body functioning.

Back 5

Gland

Front 6

Key Term:
In the head and neck area, it includes lacrimal, salivary, thyroid, parathyroid, and thymus.

Back 6

Glandular tissue

Front 7

Key Term:

Enlarged thyroid gland due to a disease process

Back 7

Goiter

Front 8

Key Term:

Reduced saliva production by salivary glands

Back 8

Hyposalivation

Front 9

Key Term:

Contagious viral infection that usually involves both parotid salivary glands.

Back 9

Mumps

Front 10

Key Term:

Formation of stone within a salivary gland.

Back 10

Salivary Gland

Front 11

Key Term:

Dry Mouth

Back 11

Dry Mouth

Front 12

Paired exocrine glands that secrete lacrimal fluid or tears.

Back 12

Lacrimal glands

Front 13

What two parts is the lacrimal gland divided into?

Back 13

the palpebral part and the orbital part.

Front 14

Where is the palpebral part of the lacrimal gland located?

Back 14

close to the eye, along the inner surface of the eyelid. It can be seen if the upper eyelid is everted.

Front 15

The larger orbital part of the lacrimal gland contains ________.

Back 15

Lacrimal ducts

Front 16

Any lacrimal fluid that passes over the eye surface ends up in the ________ _______, a thin walled structure behind each medial canthus.

Back 16

nasolacrimal sac

Front 17

The lacrimal fluid ultimately drains into the ___________________.

Back 17

inferior nasal meatus

Front 18

Lacrimal Glands:

Location

Back 18

in the lacrimal fossa of the frontal bone

Front 19

The nasolacrimal duct is formed at the junction or the ______ and _____ bones.

Back 19

lacrimal and maxillary bones

Front 20

Lacrimal Glands:

Innervation

Back 20

the greater petrosal or 7th cranial nerve and lacrimal nerves.

Front 21

Lacrimal Glands:

Lymphatic drainage

Back 21

They drain into the superficial parotid lymph nodes.

Front 22

Lacrimal Glands

Blood Supply

Back 22

the lacrimal artery

Front 23

Parotid Gland with parotid duct:

Location

Back 23

Parotid space posterior to the mandibular ramus, anterior and inferior to the ear

Front 24

Parotid gland with parotid duct:

Innervation

Back 24

Lesser petrosal of 9th cranial nerve and auriculotemporal branch of the 5th cranial nerve

Front 25

Parotid gland with parotid duct:

Lymphatic drainage

Back 25

Deep parotid nodes

Front 26

Parotid gland with parotid duct:

Blood supply

Back 26

Branches of external carotid artery

Front 27

Submandibular gland with submandibular duct:

Location

Back 27

Submandibular space: inferior and posterior to the body of the mandible

Front 28

Submandibular gland with submandibular duct:

Innervation

Back 28

Chorda tympani nerve of the 7th cranial nerve

Front 29

Submandibular gland with submandibular duct:

Lymphatic drainage

Back 29

Submandibular nodes

Front 30

Submandibular gland with submandibular duct:

Blood Supply

Back 30

Facial and lingual arteries

Front 31

Sublingual gland with sublingual duct(s):

Location

Back 31

Sublingual space: floor of the mouth, medial to body of mandible

Front 32

Sublingual gland with sublingual duct(s):

Innervation

Back 32

Chorda tympani nerve of 7th cranial nerve

Front 33

Sublingual gland with sublingual duct(s):

Lymphatic drainage

Back 33

Submandibular nodes

Front 34

Sublingual gland with sublingual duct(s):

Blood Supply

Back 34

Sublingual artery

Front 35

Minor Salivary Glands with Duct:

Location

Back 35

Buccal, labial, and lingual mucosa;
soft and hard palate; floor of the mouth; and base of circumvallate lingual papillae

Front 36

Minor Salivary Glands with Duct:

Innervation

Back 36

Greater petrosal and chorda tympani nerve of 7th cranial nerve

Front 37

Minor Salivary Glands with Duct:

Lymphatic Drainage

Back 37

Various nodes, depending on location

Front 38

Minor Salivary Glands with Duct:

Blood Supply

Back 38

Various arteries, depending on location

Front 39

Thyroid Gland:

Location

Back 39

Inferior to hyoid bone, junction of the larynx and trachea

Front 40

Thyroid Gland:

Innervation

Back 40

Cervical sympathetic ganglia

Front 41

Thyroid Gland:

Lymphatic drainage

Back 41

Superior deep cervical nodes

Front 42

Thyroid Gland:

Blood Supply

Back 42

Superior and Inferior thyroid arteries

Front 43

Parathyroid Glands:

Location

Back 43

Close to or within thyroid

Front 44

Parathyroid Glands:

Innervation

Back 44

Cervical sympathetic ganglia

Front 45

Parathyroid Glands:

Lymphatic Drainage

Back 45

Superior deep cervical nodes

Front 46

Parathyroid Glands:

Blood Supply

Back 46

Superior and inferior thyroid arteries

Front 47

Thymus Gland:

Location

Back 47

In thorax, inferior to the hyoid bone, superficial and lateral to trachea, and deep to sternum

Front 48

Thymus Gland:

Innervation

Back 48

Branches from 10th cranial nerve

Front 49

Thymus Gland:

Lymphatic Drainage

Back 49

Within gland

Front 50

Thymus Gland:

Blood Supply

Back 50

Inferior thyroid and internal thoracic arteries

Front 51

What are the Major salivary Glands?

Back 51

parotid
submandibular
sublingual

Front 52

Which is the largest encapsulated major salivary gland but provides only 25% of the total salivary volume?

Mainly what type of secretions?

Back 52

Parotid

Serous

Front 53

What 2 lobes is the Parotid gland divided into?

Back 53

Superficial and deep

Front 54

The parotid duct is also called the _______ _______.

Back 54

Stensen Duct

Front 55

Where does the Parotid or Stensen duct enter the mouth?

Back 55

on the inner surface of the cheek, usually opposite the maxillary second molar.

Front 56

Which nerve travels through the Parotid Gland between its superficial and deep serving as a divider but is not involved in its innervation?

Back 56

the 7th cranial or facial nerve

Front 57

What is the 2nd largest encapsulated major salivary gland yes provides 60-65% of the total salivary volume?

What type of secretion?

Back 57

submandibular salivary gland

both serous and mucous secretions

Front 58

The submandibular gland is ________ to the sublingual gland?

(posterior or anterior)

Back 58

Posterior

Front 59

The submandibular duct is also known as the ____________.

Back 59

Wharton duct

Front 60

Where does the submandibular, or Wharton duct, enter the mouth?

Back 60

travels along the anterior floor of the mouth then opens into the oral cavity at the sublingual caruncle.

Front 61

The most common salivary duct to be involved in salivary stone formation?

Why?

Back 61

Submandibular (Wharton) duct.

Long upward distance to travel

Front 62

Which major salivary gland is the smallest, providing only 10% of total salivary volume.

What type of secretion?

Back 62

sublingual

Mixed, but with mucous secretion predominating

Front 63

The sublingual duct is also known as the ________ .

Back 63

Bartholin duct

Front 64

Where does the sublingual, or Bartholin, duct enter the mouth?

Back 64

Same as the submandibular, through the sublingual caruncle

Front 65

The minor salivary glands are smaller than the major ones, but more _________.

Back 65

Numerous.

Front 66

Minor salivary glands that are associated with the base of the tongue's dorsal surface.

Back 66

von Ebner glands (EEB-ners)

Front 67

Most minor salivary glands secrete a mainly _________ type of salivary product, with some _______ secretion.

The exception is _________, which secrete only a ______ type of a salivary product.

Back 67

mainly mucous
some serous

von Ebner glands
serous

Front 68

Are the minor salivary glands endocrine glands, or exocrine glands?
Do they have ducts?
How are those ducts different that the major glands?

Back 68

exocrine

Yes

Shorter and unnamed

Front 69

What can xerostomia lead to?

Back 69

-increased trauma to nonprotected oral mucosa
-increased cervical caries
-problems in speech and mastication
-bad breath

Front 70

Gland enlargement in major glands is called ________.

(from blockage)

Back 70

ranula

Front 71

Gland enlargement in minor glands is called ________.

(from blockage)

Back 71

mucocele

Front 72

An endocrine gland is a gland that has a ______ associated with it.

Back 72

duct

Front 73

What is the largest endocrine gland?

Back 73

Thyroid

Front 74

Because the thyroid gland is ductless, the gland produces and secretes ________ directly into the vascular system.

Back 74

thyroxine

Front 75

What is thyroxine?

Back 75

A hormone secreted by the thyroid gland that stimulates the metabolic rate.

Front 76

The thyroid gland consists of 2 ________ _______, right and left, connected anteriorly by an __________.

Back 76

lateral lobes

isthmus

Front 77

Is the thyroid gland located in the (anterior or posterior) and lateral regions of the neck

Back 77

ANTERIOR

Front 78

Is the thyroid superior or inferior to the thyroid cartilage?

Back 78

INFERIOR

Front 79

What does the thyroid look like in a healthy patient:
Is it visible?
Is it soft or hard when palpated?
Mobile when swallowing?

Back 79

No
Soft
Yes

Front 80

The parathyroid gland consists of how many small endocrine glands?

Back 80

4, 2 on each side

Front 81

Because the parathyroid glands are ductless, they produce and secrete _______ directly into the vascular system to regulate ________ and ________ levels.

Back 81

Parathyroid hormone

Calcium and phosphorus levels

Front 82

Are the parathyroid glands visible or palpable during extraoral exam?

Back 82

No

Front 83

What does the thymus gland do?

Back 83

It's part of the immune system that fights disease processes.

Front 84

What happens in response to stimulation by thymus hormones?

Back 84

T-cells lymphocytes (white blood cells of the immune system) mature in the gland.

Front 85

The thymus gland is connect by 2 lateral lobes, right and left, and is connected by a(n) _______ at the midline.

Back 85

isthmus

Front 86

What does the thymus gland look like in adults?

Back 86

By adulthood, it has nearly disappeared.