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212 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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THE SKULL IS A ___________, UNYIELDING BOX THAT DOES NOT CCOU ACCOMMODATE A SWELLING BRAIN OR ACCUMULATION OF BLOOD
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RIGID
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YOU SHOULD BE FAMILIAR WITH HIGH RISK MECHANISM OF INJURY THAT CAN CAUSE HEAD INJURY, BRAIN INJURY, AND SPINAL CORD INJURY SUCH AS A MOTOR ____________ _____________, ________, AND PENETRATING TRAUMA.
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MOTOR VEHICLE
FALLS |
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_________________ IS A PRIORITY; MAINTAIN THE HEAD AND NECK IN NEUTRAL ALIGNMENT WHILE YOU ARE SUCTIONING AND PERFORMING AIRWAY MANAGEMENT
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AIRWAY
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YOU SHOULD CONSIDER _______________________ _____________________ IN PATIENTS WITH SPINAL INJURIES,"", BUT REMEMBER THAT ____________________ _________________ REQUIRES SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS IN PATIENTS WITH HEAD INJURIES BECAUSE IT MAY PRECIPITATE A DANGEROUS RISE IN INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE
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ENDOTRACHEAL INTUBATION
ENDOTRACHEAL INTUBATION |
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CONTROL MAJOR BLEEDING WITHOUT PLACING ______________ ON THE POTENTIAL UNDERLYING FRACTURE.
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PRESSURE
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WHAT SHOULD YOU PROVIDE PATIENTS WITH SEVERE, CLOSED HEAD INJURIES TO MINIMIZE CEREBRAL EDEMA; HOWEVER, AVOID HYPOTENTION?
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FLUID RESUSCITATION
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WHY SHOULD YOU BE CAUTIOUS WITH THE SIREN ON THE AMBULANCE WHEN TRANSPORTING A PATIENT WITH SEVERE HEAD INJURIES?
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BECAUSE THE LIGHT AND SIREN COULD PRECIPITATE SEIZURES AND EXACERBATE INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE
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LEVELS OF ______________________ SHOULD CONTINUALLY BE ASSESSED, INCLUDING REPEAT ASSESSMENT OF THE ________________ _________ __________ SCORE AND PUPILLARY, ASSESSMENT WITH A PATIENT WITH HEAD INJURIES.
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CONSCIOUSNESS
GLASGOW COMA SCALE |
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DECEREBRATE POSTURING IS SEEN AS THE PATIENT PULL THE ARMS INTO THE CORE OF THE BODY
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FALSE
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WHAT IS THE SECOND ASSESSMENT?:
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FULL BODY EXAM AND NEUROLOGIC EXAM
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SUBARACHNOID HEMATOMA WILL USUALLY PRESENT WITH A SUDDEN AND SEVERE HEADACHE.
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TRUE
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HEAD INJURIES INCLUDE _______________ ______________ AND __________________ _______________ INJURY
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SKULL FRACTURES
TRAUMATIC BRAIN |
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THE OUTMOST OF THE MENINGES IS TGHE DURA MATER.
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TRUE
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WHAT IS DESCRIBED AS TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY?
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CEREBRAL CONCUSSION
DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY CEREBRAL CONTUSION AND INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGE |
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THERE ARE 32 PAIRS OF SPINAL NERVES THAT EMERGE FROM THE SPINAL CORD
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FALSE
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NORMAL INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE IS ____ TO _______ IN ADULTS
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0 TO 15 mm Hg
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THE VAGUS NERVE IS PART OF THE PARASYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
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TRUE
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INCREASED INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE CAN ________________ THE BRAIN AGAINST THE INTERIOR OF THE SKULL AND/OR PRESS IT INTO SHARP EDGES WITH THE CRANIUM
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SQUEEZE
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A FLEXION INJURY IS USUALLY CAUSED BY A RAPID DECELERATION OR A DIRECT BLOW TO THE OCCIPITAL REGION.
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TRUE
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MOST FRACTURES SUSTAINED IN A VERTICAL COMPRESSION ARE CLASSIFIED AS UNSTABLE
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FALSE
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WHAT WILL OCCUR IF SEVERELY INCREASED INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE IS NOT PROMPTLY TREATED?
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CEREBRAL HERNIATION WILL OCCUR
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IN CENTRAL CORD SYNDROME, THE PATIENT WILL DEMONSTRATE A GREATER LOSS OF FUNCTION IN THE LOWER EXTREMITIES THAN IN THE UPPER EXTREMITIES
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FALSE
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CEREBRAL PERFUSION PRESSURE IS PRESSURE OF ________________ FLOWING THROUGH THE BRAIN; IT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE MEAN ARTERIAL PRESSURE AND _________________________ PRESSURE
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BLOOD
INTRACRANIAL |
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THE DIAPHRAGM IS INNERVATED BY THE PHRENIC NERVE BETWEEN C3 AND C5
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TRUE
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IF THE CEREBRAL PERFRUSION PRESSURES DROP BELOW 60 mm Hg IN THE ADULT, WHAT WILL LIKELY TO OCCUR?
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CEREBRAL ISCHEMIA
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WHEN THERE IS AN ABSENT PULSE IN A PATIENT WITH A SPINAL CORD INJURY, IT IS OKAY NOT TO START CPR BECAUSE OF THE REGION OF THE INJURY
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FALSE
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BEGIN TREATMENT OF A HEAD INJURY PATIENT BY DOING WHAT?
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STABILIZING THE CERVICAL SPINE, OPENING THE AIRWAY WITH THE JAW THRUST MANEUVER AND ASSESSING THE ABC'S.
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A NORMAL NEUROLOGIC E XAM CAN IMMEDIATELY RULE OUT A SPINAL CORD INURY
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FALSE
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ALL HEAD INJURED PATIENTS SHOULD RECEIVED __________% OXYGEN AS SOON AS POSSIBLE
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100%
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THE PREFERRED METHOD OF IMMOBILIZING A PERSON TO A LONG BACKBOARD IS THE TWO-PERSON, LOG-ROLL METHOD
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FALSE
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____________________ A BRAIN INJURY ADULT AT A RATE OF 10 BREATHS/MIN
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VENTILATE
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YOU SHOULD ACCESS HE PULSE, MOTOR, AND SENSORY FUNCTION IN EACH EXTREMITY BEFORE AND AFTER PLACING THE PATIENT ON A LONG BACKBOARD
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TRUE
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YOU SHOULD AVOID ROUTINE HYPERVENTILATION UNLESS SIGNS OF _________________________ ______________________ IS PRESENT
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CEREBRAL HERNIATION
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A RAPID EXTRICATION TECHNIQUE SHOULD BE USED FOR EVERY PATIENT THAT IS IN A SEATED POSITION IN A CAR CRASH.
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FALSE
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INTUBATION OF A BRAIN INJURED PATIENT MAY REQUIRED PHARMACOLOGIC ADJUNCTS SUCH AS ________________, ________________ _____________ DRUGS.
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SEDATION
NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCKING |
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IT IS OKAY TO RELEASE MANUAL STABILIZATION OF THE NECK WHILE YOU ARE MEASURING FOR A CERVICAL COLLAR. MAKE SURE, HOWEVER, TO LET YOUR PATIENT KNOW NOT TO MOVE THE HEAD.
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FALSE
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BRAIN INJURY PATIENT SURVIVAL DEPENDS ON WHAT?
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RECOGNITION OF THE INJURY, PROMPT AND AGGRESSIVE PREHOSPTIAL CARE AND RAPID TRANSPORT
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IF THE PATIENT IS STANDING IUP AND WALKING, IT IS OKAY TO HAVE THE PATIENT LIE DOWN ON THE BACKBOARD FOR TRANSPORT.
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FALSE
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SPINAL CORD INJURIES ARE AMONG THE MOST DEVESTATING INJURIES ENCOUNTERED BY PRE HOSPITAL PROVIDERS. IN ORDER TO DECIPHER THE OFTEN SUBTLE FINDINGS ASSOCIATED WITH A SPINAL CORD INJURY, YOU NEED TO DO WHAT?
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UNDERSTAND THE FORM
AND FUNCTION OF SPINAL ANATOMY |
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AUTONOMIC DYSREFLEXIA IS TYPICALLY A LATE COMPLICATION OF SPINAL CORD INJURY BUT CAN OCCUR ACUTELY.
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TRUE
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ACUTE INJURIES OF THE SPINE ARE CLASSIFIED ACCORDING TO THE ________________ ________________, ______________ AND __________________ OF INJURY.
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ASSOCIATED MECHANISM
LOCATION STABILITY |
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_________________ ____________ TYPICALLY INVOLVE ONLY A SINGLE COLUMN AND POSE A LOWER RISK TO THE SPINAL CORD
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STABLE FRACTURES
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_________________ _________________ CAN OCCUR WITH OR WITHOUT ASSOCIATED SPINAL CORD INJURY
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VERTEBRAL FRACTURES
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PRIMARY SPINAL CORD INJURY OCCUR AT THE MOMENT OF ___________
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IMPACT
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SECONDARY SPINAL CORD INJURY OCCURS WHEN ?
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MULTIPLE FACTORS PERMIT A PROGRESSION OF THE PRIMARY SPINAL CORD INJURY
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LIMITING THE PROGRESSION OF SECONDARY SPINAL CORD INJURY IS A __________ ___________ PRE- HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT OF SPINAL CORD INJURY.
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MAJOR GOAL
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CURRENT PRINCIPLES OF SPINE TRAUMA MANAGEMENT INCLUDE WHAT?
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RECOGNITION OF POTENTIAL OR ACTUAL INJURY
APPROPRIATE IMMOBILIZATION REDUCTION OR PREVENTION OF THE INCIDENT OF SECONDARY INJURY |
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THE USE OF CORTICOSTEROIDS IN THE ACUTE PHASE OF SPINAL CORD INJURY IS ___________________________
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CONTROVERSIAL
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THE COMPLICATION OF SPINAL OCRD INJURY ASRE A CONSISTENT CAUSE OF THE HIGH ________________ AND _______________________ASSOCIATED WITH THIS TYPE OF INJURY.
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MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY
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BACK PAIN IS ONE OF THE MOST COMMON PHYSICAL COMPLAINTS TO PRESENT TO EMERGENCY DEPTS THROUGHOUT THE US. MOST CASES OF LOW BACK PAIN ARE __________________ AND DIFFICULT TO PRECISELY DIAGNOSE.
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IDIOPATHIC
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WHAT IS ANTERIOR CORD SYNDROME?
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A CONDITION THAT OCCURS WITH FLEXION INJURIES OR FRACTURES, RESULTING IN THE DISPLACEMENT OF BONY FRAGMENTS IN THE ANTERIOR PORTION OF THE SPINAL CORE.
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ANTEROGRADE ( POST-TRAUMATIC) AMNESIA IS THE LOSS OF _______________ RELATING TO EVENTS THAT OCCURRED AFTER THE INJURY.
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MEMORY
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THE MIDDLE MEMBRANE OF THE THREE MENINGES THAT ENCLOSE THE BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD IS WHAT?
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ARACHNOID
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THE BONES THAT FUNCTION IN HEARING AND ARE LOCATED DEEP WITHIN CAVITIES OF THE TEMPORAL BONES IS WHAT?
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AUDITORY OSSICLES
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WHAT IS AUTONOMIC DYSREFLEXIA?
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A POTENTIAL LIFE THREATENING LATE COMPLICATION OF SPINAL CORD INJURY IN WHICH A MASSIVE, UNINHIBITED, UNCOMPENSATED CARDIOVASCULAR RESPONSE OCCURS DUE TO STIMULATION OF THE SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM BELOW THE LEVELS OF INJURY.
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WHAT IS ANOTHER NAME FOR AUTONOMIC DYSREFLEXIA?
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AUTONOMIC HYPERREFLEXIA
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WHAT IS AUTO-REGULATION?
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AN INCREASE IN MEAN ARTERIAL PRESSURE TO COMPENSATE FOR DECREASED CEREBRAL PERFUSION PRESSURE.
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AXON IS LONG, SLENDER EXTENSION OF A ________________ THAT CONDUCTS ELECTRICAL IMPULSES AWAY FROM THE NEURONAL SOMA.
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NEURON ( NERVE CELL)
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BASAL GANGLIA IS STRUCTURES LOCATED DEEP WITHIN THE _____________________, _______________ AND MIDBRAIN THAT HAVE AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN COORDINATION OF MOTOR MOVEMENTS AND POSTURE.
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CEREBRUM
DIENCEPHALON |
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WHEN THE TOE(S) MOVES UPWARD IN RESPONSE TO STIMULATION TO THE SOLE OF THE FOOT, THIS IS CALLED WHAT?
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BABINSKI REFLEX
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___________ _________________ __________________ USUALLY OCCUR FOLLOWING DIFFUSE IMPACT TO THE HEAD, GENERALLY RESULT FROM EXTENSION OF A LINEAR FRACTURE TO THE BASE OF THE SKULL AND CAN BE DIFFICULT TO DIAGNOSE WITH A RADIOGRAPH
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BASILAR SKULL FRACTURES
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_________________ _________ IS BRUISING OVER THE MASTOID BONE BEHIND THE EAR COMMONLY SEEN FOLLOWING A BASILAR SKULL FRACTURE; ALSO CALLED ______________ _____________________.
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BATTLE SIGNS
RETROAURICULAR ECCHYMOSIS |
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_______ _____________________ IS CHARACTERIZED BY AN IRREGULAR ________, ______________ AND VOLUME OF BREATHING WITH INTERMITTENT PERIODS OF APNEA; ALSO CALLED ATAXIC RESPIRATIONS.
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BIOT RESPIRATIONS
RATE, PATTERN |
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DEFINE: : BRAIN
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PART OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM LOCATED WITHIN THE CRANIUM.
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WHAT DOES THE BRAIN CONTAIN? BILLIONS OF ________________ THAT SERVE A VARIETY OF VITAL FUNCTIONS
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NEURONS
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THE MIDBRAIN, PONS, AND MEDULLA COLLECTIVELY IS CALLED WHAT?
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THE BRAINSTEM
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____________--_______________ SYNDROME IS A CONDITION ASSOCIATED WITH PENETRATING TRAUMA WITH HEMISECTION OF THE SPINAL CORD AND COMPLETE DAMAGE TO ALL SPINAL TRACTS ON THEINVOLVED SIDE.
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BROWN-SEQUARD SYNDROME
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A NEUROLOGIC CONDITION CAUSED BY COMPRESSION OF THE BUNDLE OF NERVE ROOTS LOCATED AT THE END OF THE SPINAL CORD IS CALLED WHAT?
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CAUDA EQUINA SYNDROME
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CENTRAL CORD SYNDROME IS WHAT?
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A CONDITION RESULTING FROM HYPEREXTENSION INJURIES TO THE CERVICAL AREA THAT CAUSE DAMAGE WITH HEMORRHAGE OR EDEMA TO THE CENTRAL CERVICAL SEGMENTS
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WHAT DOES CNS STAND FOR?
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CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
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WHAT IS CNS?
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THE SYSTEM CONTAINING THE BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD.
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WHAT IS CEREBELLUM?
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THE REGION OF THE BRAIN ESSENTIAL IN COORDINATING MUSCLE MOVEMENTS IN THE BODY. ALSO CALLED THE ATHLETE'S BRAIN.
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WHAT IS CEREBRAL CONTUSION?
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A FOCAL BRAIN INJURY IN WHICH BRAIN TISSUE IS BRUISED AND DAMAGED IN A DEFINED AREA.
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THE LARGEST PORTION OF THE CEREBRUM REGULATES _________________ SKELETAL MOVEMENT AND ONES LEVEL OF _________________________ - PART OF CONSCIOUSNESS
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VOLUNTARY
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WHAT DOES CPP STAND FOR?
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CEREBRAL PERFUSION PRESSURE
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WHAT IS CPP?
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THE PRESSURE OF BLOOD FLOW THROUGH THE BRAIN; THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE MEAN ARTERIAL PRESSURE AND INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE.
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WHAT DOES CSF STAND FOR?
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CEREBROSPINAL FLUID
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WHAT IS CSF?
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FLUID PRODUCED IN THE VENTRICLE OF THE BRAIN THAT FLOWS IN THE SUBARACHNOID SPACE AND BATHES THE MENINGES.
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WHAT IS CEREBRUM?
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THE LARGEST PORTION OF THE BRAIN
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WHAT IS THE CEREBRUM RESPONSIBLE FOR ?
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HIGHER FUNCTIONS SUCH AS REASONING, DIVIDED INTO RIGHT AND LEFT HEMISPHERES, OR HALVES.
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WHAT IS CHEYNE-STOKES RESPIRATIONS?
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THE RESPIRATIONS THAT ARE FAST & THEN BECOME SLOW, WITH INTERVENING PERIODS OF APNEA; COMMONLY SEEN FOLLOWING BRAINSTEM INJURY
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_______________ ___________ IS THE POINT WHERE THE PARIETAL BONES JOIN WITH THE FRONTAL BONE
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CORONAL SUTURE
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_______--_____________ INJURY IS DUAL IMPACTING OF THE BRAIN IN THE SKULL.
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COUP-CONTRECOUP INJURY
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THE BONES THAT ENCASE AND PROTECT THE BRAIN, INCLUDING THE PARIETAL, TEMPORAL, FRONTAL, OCCIPITAL, SPHENOID, AND ETHMOID BONES IS CALLED WHAT ?
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CRANIAL VAULT
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THE CRANIAL VAULT IS ALSO CALLED WHAT?
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THE CRANIUM OR SKULL
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MINIMUM CEREBRAL PERFUSION PRESSURE REQUIRED TO ADEQUATELY PERFUSE THE BRAIN: 60 mm Hg IN THE ADULT IS CALLED WHAT?
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CRITICAL MINIMUM THRESHOLD
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__________________ __________ IS A HORIZONTAL BONE PERFORATED WITH NUMEROUS FORAMINA FOR THE PASSAGE OF THE OLFACTORY NERVE FILAMENTS FROM THE NASAL CAVITY CALLED WHAT?
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CRIBRIFORM PLATE
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HYPERTENSION , BRADYCARDIA AND IRREGULAR RESPIRATIONS ARE WHAT?
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CUSHING TRIAD
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DECEREBRATE POSTURING IS WHAT?
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ABNORMAL POSTURE CHARACTERIZED BY EXTENSION OF THE ARMS AND LEGS: INDICATES PRESSURE ON THE BRAINSTEM.
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DEPRESSED SKULL FRACTURES IS WHAT?
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HIGH-ENERGY DIRECT TRAUMA TO A SMALL SURFACE AREA OF THE HEAD WITH A BLUNT OBJECT; COMMONLY RESULT IN BONY FRAGMENTS BEING DRIVEN INTO THE BRAIN, CAUSING INJURY.
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DERMATOMES IS WHAT?
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AREAS OF THE BODY INNERVATED BY SENSORS COMPONENTS OF SPINAL NERVES.
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DIENCEPHALON IS THE PART OF THE BRAIN BETWEEN THE __________________ AND THE CEREBRUM THAT INCLUDES THE THALAMUS, SUBTHALAMUS AND HYPOTHALAMUS.
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BRAINSTEM
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WHAT DOES DAI STAND FOR?
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DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY
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WHAT IS DAI?
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DIFFUSE BRAIN INJURY THAT IS CAUSED BY STRETCHING, SHEARING OR TEARING OF NERVE FIBERS WITH SUBSEQUENT AXONAL DAMAGE.
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ANY INJURY AT AFFECTS THE ENTIRE BRAIN IS CALLED WHAT?
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DIFFUSE BRAIN INJURY
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EPIDURAL HEMATOMA IS WHAT?
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AN ACCUMULATION OF BLOOD BETWEEN THE SKULL AND DURA
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FACET JOINT IS THE JOINT ON WHICH EACH ______________ ARTICULATES WITH ADJACENT VERTEBRAE
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VERTEBRA
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FOCAL BRAIN INJURY IS WHAT?
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A SPECIFIC, GROSSLY OBSERVABLE BRAIN INJURY
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FONTANELLES IS THE SOFT SPOTS IN THE SKULL OF A NEWBORN AND INFANT WHERE THE _______________ OF THE SKULLS HAVE NOT YET GROWN TOGETHER.
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SUTURES
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THE LARGE OPENING AT THE BASE OF THE SKULL THROUGH WHICH THE SPINAL CORD EXITS THE BRAIN IS CALLED WHAT?
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FORAMEN MAGNUM
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GALEA APONEUROTICA IS WHAT?
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TOUGH, TENDINOUS LAYER OF THE SCALP.
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WHAT DOES GCS STAND FOR?
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GLASGOW COMA SCALE
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WHAT IS GCS?
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A WIDELY ACCEPTED METHOD OF ASSESSING LEVEL OF CONSCIOUSNESS THAT IS BASED ON THREE INDEPENDENT MEASUREMENTS.
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IN GCS, WHAT ARE THE THREE INDEPENDENT MEASUREMENTS?
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EYE OPENING
VERBAL RESPONSE AND MOTOR RESPONSE |
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HARD PALATE IS THE _______ ____________________ PART OF THE ROOF OF THE MOUTH
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BONY ANTERIOR
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HEAD INJURY IS A TRAUMATIC INSULT TO THE HEAD THAT MAY RESULT IN INJURY TO SOFT TISSUE, _____ ____________ OR THE __________.
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BONY STRUCTURES
BRAIN |
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TRUE OR FALSE?
HERNIATION IS THE PROCESS IN WHICH TISSUE IS FORCED OUT OF ITS NORMAL POSITION, SUCH AS WHEN THE BRAIN IS FORCED FROM THE CRANIAL VAULT, EITHER THROUGH THE FORAMEN MAGNUM OR OVER THE TENTORIUM. |
TRUE
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HYPERESTHESIA IS _____________________ PAIN TO TOUCH.
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HYPERACUTE
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_____________________IS THE EXTENSION OF A LIMB OR OTHER BODY PART BEYOND ITS USUAL RANGE OF MOTION.
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HYPEREXTENSION
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A HIGH BODY TEMPERATURE IS CALLED WHAT?
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HYPERPYREXIA
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SPINAL CORD INJURY IN WHICH THERE IS SOME DEGREE OF CORD MEDIATED FUNCTION IS CALLED WHAT?
|
INCOMPLETE SPINAL CORD INJURY
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__________________ __________________ IS BLEEDING WITHIN THE BRAIN TISSUE ITSELF: ALSO REFERRED TO AS AN INTRAPARENCHYMAL HEMATOMA.
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INTRACEREBRAL HEMATOMA
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LAMBDOID SUTURE IS WHAT?
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THE POINT WHERE THE OCCIPITAL BONES ATTACH TO THE PARIETAL BONESS
|
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WHAT DOES ICP STAND FOR?
|
INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE
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ARISE FROM THE POSTERIOR PEDICLES AND FUSE TO FORM THE POSTERIOR SPINOUS PROCESSES IS CALLED WHAT?
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LAMINA
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WHAT IS ICP?
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THE PRESSURE WITHIN THE CRANIAL VAULT NORMALLY 0 TO 15 mm Hg IN ADULTS.
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LIMBIC SYSTEM IS WHAT?
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STRUCTURES WITHIN THE CEREBRUM AND DIENCEPHALON THAT INFLUENCE EMOTIONS, MOTIVATION, MOOD AND SENSATIONS OF PAIN AND PLEASURE.
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__________ ________ ____________ IS AVERAGE PRESSURE AGAINST THE ARTERIAL WALL DURING A CARDIAC CYCLE
|
MEAN ARTERIAL PRESSURE
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MEDULLA IS CONTINUNOUS INFERIORLY WITH THE WHAT?
|
SPINAL CORD
|
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MEDULLA SERVES AS WHAT?
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A CONDUCTION PATHWAY FOR ASCENDING AND DESCENTIN NERVE TRACTS.
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WHAT DOES THE MEDULLA
|
HEART RATE, BLOOD VESSEL DIAMETER, BREATHING, SWALLOWING, VOMITING, COUGHING AND SNEEZING.
|
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MENINGES IS WHAT?
|
A SET OF THREE TOUGH MEMBRANES
|
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WHAT 3 MEMBRANES OF THE MENINGES ENCLOSED THE ENTIRE BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD?
|
DURA MATER
ARACHNOID PIA MATER |
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|
THE ________ _________________ IS THE CHAMBER INSIDE THE NOSE THAT LIES BETWEEN THE FLOOR OF THE CRANIUM AND THE ROOF OF THE MOUTH.
|
NASAL CAVITY
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INJURY TO A NERVE AT THE LEVEL OF THE SPINAL CORD IS CALLED WHAT?
|
NERVE ROOT INJURY
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SHOCK CAUSED BY MASSIVE VASODILATION AND POOLING OF BLOOD IN THE PERIHPHERAL VESSELS TO THE EXTENT THAT ADEQUATE PERFUSION CANNOT BE MAINTAINED IS CALLED WHAT?
|
NEUROGENIC SHOCK
|
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NEURONAL SOMA IS WHAT?
|
THE BODY OF A NERON ( NERVE CELL )
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THE PORTION OF THE BRAIN THAT IS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE PROCESSING OF VISUAL INFORMATION IS CALLED WHAT?
|
OCCIPITAL LOBE
|
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THE NERVES THAT PARTICIPATE IN THE TRANSMISSION OF SCNET IMPULSE IS CALLED?
|
OLFACTORY NERVES
|
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PALATINE BONE IS AN ____________________ SHAPED BONE FOUND IN THE ______________________ PART OF THE NASAL CAVITY.
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IRREGULARLY
POSTERIOR |
|
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DEFINE: PARIETAL LOBE
|
THE PORTION OF THE BRAIN THAT IS THE SITE FOR RECEPTION AND EVALUATION OF MOST SENSORY INFORMATION EXCEPT SMELL, HEARING AND VISION.
|
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DEFINE: PEDICLES
|
THICK LATERAL BONY STRUTS THAT CONNECT THE VERTEBRAL BODY WITH THE SPINOUS AND TRANSVERSE PROCESSES AND MAKE UP THE LATERAL AND POSTERIOR PORTIONS OF THE SPINAL FORAMEN.
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PERIORBITAL ECCHYMOSIS IS ___________________ UNDER THE ORBITS THAT IS COMMONLY SEEN FOLLOWING A BASILAR SKULL FRACTURE; ALSO CALLED ____________ ________
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BRUISING
RACCOON EYES |
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INJURY TO A NERVE ANYWHERE IN THE BODY THAT IS OUTSIDE OF THE SPINAL CORD IS CALLED?
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PERIPHERAL NERVE INJURY
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___ _____________ is the innermost and thinnest of the three meninges that enclose the brain and spinal cord
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PIA MATER
|
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PLEXUS IS A CLUSTER OF _____________ ________ THAT PERMITS PERIPHERAL NERVE ROOTS TO REJOIN AND FUNCTION AS A GROUP.
|
NERVE ROOTS
|
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WHAT IS POSTERIOR CORD SYNDROME?
|
A CONDITION ASSOCIATED WITH EXTENSION INJURIES WITH ISOLATED INJURY TO THE DORSAL COLUMN.
|
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PRIMARY SPINAL CORD INJURY IS INJURY TO THE SPINAL CORD THAT IS A DIRECT RESULT OF _________________; FOR EXAMPLE, ______________ OF THE SPINAL CORD FROM PENETRATING TRAUMA OR _________________________ OF LIGAMENTS AND BONE FRAGMENTS, RESULTING IN COMPRESSION OF THE SPINAL CORD
|
TRAUMA
TRANSECTION DISPLACEMENT |
|
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PROPRIOCEPTION IS THE ABILITY TO WHAT?
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TO PERCEIVE THE POSITION AND MOVEMENT OF ONE'S BODY OR LIMBS.
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WHAT DOES RAS STAND FOR?
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RETICULAR ACTIVATING SYSTEM
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RETROGRADE AMNESIA IS LOSS OF _____________ RELATING TO EVENTS THAT OCCURRED BEFORE THE INJURY
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MEMORY
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WHAT IS RACCOON EYES?
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BRUISING UNDER OR AROUND THE ORBITS THAT IS COMMONLY SEEN FOLLOWING A BASILAR SKULL FRACTURE.
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ROTATION- FLEXION INJURY IS WHAT?
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A TYPE OF INJURY TYPICALLY RESULTS FROM A HGIH ACCELERATION FORCES; CAN RESULT IN A STABLE UNILATERAL FACET DISLOCATION IN THE CERVICAL SPINE.
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SAGITTAL SUTURE IS WHAT?
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THE POINT OF THE SKULL WHERE THE PARIETAL BONES JOIN
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SECONDARY BRAIN INJURY IS THE "_________ _____________" OF THE PRIMARY INJURY.
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AFTER EFFECTS
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SECONDARY SPINAL CORD INJURY IS INJURY TO THE SPINAL CORD, THOUGHT TO BE THE RESULT OF MULTIPLE FACTORS THAT RESULT IN A PROGRESSION OF INFLAMMATORY RESPONSES FROM _______________ SPINAL CORD INJURY
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PRIMARY
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_________ IS THE STRUCTURE AT THE TOP OF THE AXIAL SKELETON THAT HOUSES THE BRAIN AND CONSISTS OF
___ BONES THAT COMPRISE THE AUDITORY OSSICLES, THE CRANIUM AND THE FACE. |
SKULL
28 |
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SPINAL CLEARANCE IS THE ACT OF WHAT?
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DECLARING THAT A SPINAL INJURY IS NOT PRESENT
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THE PART OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM THAT EXTENDS DOWNWARD FROMTHE BRAIN THROUGH THE FORAMEN MAGNUM AND IS PROTECTED BY THE SPINE IS CALLED WHAT?
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SPINAL CORD
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STRETCHING OR TEARING OF LIGAMENTS IS CALLED?
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SPRAIN
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STRETCHING OR TEARING OF LIGAMENTS IS CALLED:
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STRAIN
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SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE IS WHAT?
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BLEEDING INTO THE SUBARACHNOID SPACE, WHERE THE CEREBROSPINAL FLUID CIRCULATES
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SUBDURAL HEMATOMA IS AN ACCUMULATION OF BLOOD BENEATH THE _______ BUT OUTSIDE THE ___________
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DURA
BRAIN |
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SUBGALEAL HEMORRHAGE IS BLEEDING WHERE?
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BETWEEN THE PERIOSTEUM OF THE SKULL AND THE GALEA APONEUROSIS
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A PARTIAL DISLOCATION IS CALLED ________________________
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SUBLUXATION
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TRUE OR FALSE?
THE PART OF THE DIENCEPHALON THAT IS INVOLVED IN CONTROLLING MOTOR FUNCTIONS IS CALLED TENTORIUM? |
FALSE
CALLED: SUBTHALAMUS |
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THE ________________ __________ IS THE BONE THAT EXTENDS ALONG THE ____________ OF THE SKULL BELOW THE ORBIT
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ZYGOMATIC ARCH
FRONT |
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THE TERMORAL LOBE IS THE PORTION OF THE BRAIN THAT IS WHAT?
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IS VERY IMPORTANT ROLE IN HEARING AND MEMORY
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TRANSVERSE SPINOUS PROCESS IS THE JUNCTION OF EACH PEDICLE AND LAMINA ON EACH SIDE OF A
___________________; THESE PROJECT LATERALLY AND POSTERIORLY AND FORM POINTS OF ATTACHMENT FOR MUSCLES AND LIGAMENTS. |
VERTEBRA
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WHAT DOES TBI STAND FOR?
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TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY
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WHAT DOES TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY MEAN?
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A TRAUMATIC INSULT TO THE BRAIN CAPABLE OF PRODUCING PHYSICAL, INTELLECTUAL, EMOTIONAL, SOCIAL AND VOCATIONAL CHANGES.
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A TYPE OF INJURY TYPICALLY RESULTING FROM A DIRECT BLOW TO THE CROWN OF THE SKULL OR RAPID DECELERATION FROM A FALL THROUGH THE FEET, LEGS, AND PELVIS POSSIBLY CAUSING A ___________ __________________ OR ________ _____________________
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BURST FRACTURE
DISK HERNIATION |
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VERTEBRA BODY IS THE ANTERIOR WEIGHT BEARING STRUCTURE MADE OF ____________________ BONE AND SURROUNDED BY A LAYER OF HARD __________ BONE THAT PROVIDES SUPPORT AND STABILITY.
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CANCELLOUS
COMPACT |
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CLENCHING OF THE TEETH OWING TO SPASM OF THE JAW MUSCLES IS CALLED WHAT?
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TRISMUS
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WHAT IS SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM?
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SUBDIVISION OF THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM THAT GOVERNS THE BODY'S FIGHT OR FLIGHT REACTION BY INDUCING SMOOTH MUSCLES CONTRACTION OR RELAXATION OF THE BLOOD VESSELS AND BRONCHIOLES.
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SPECIALIZED HOLLOW AREAS IN THE BRAIN IS CALLED WHAT?
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VENTRICLES
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WHAT SEPARATES THE CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES FROM THE CEREBELLUM AND THE BRAINSTEM?
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THE TENTORIUM
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TRUE OR FALSE?
THE CRANIAL VAULT CONSISTS OF 10 BONES |
FALSE
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THE CRIBRIFORM PLATE ALLOWS FOR PASSAGE OF THE OLFACTORY NERVE FILAMENTS
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TRUE
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THE RETICULAR ACTIVATING SYSTEMS IS RESPONSIBLE FOR MAINTENANCE OF HEARING AND READING SKILLS
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FALSE
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THE BRAIN USES 25% OF THE BODY'S GLUCOSE
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TRUE
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THE FRONTAL LOBE OF THE BRAIN IS RESPONSIBLE FOR PERSONALITY TRAITS
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FALSE
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THE VAGUS NERVE ORIGINATES FROM THE PONS
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FALSE
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CSF IS MANUFACTURED IN THE VENTRICLES OF THE BRAIN
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TRUE
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MOTOR VEHICLE CRASHES ARE THE MOST COMMON CAUSE OF HEAD INJURY
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TRUE
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THE BODY'S RESPONSE TO A DECREASED OF CEREBRAL PERFUSION PRESSURE IS TO INCREASE MEAN ARTERIAL PRESSURE
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TRUE
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DECEREBRATE POSTURING IS SEEN AS THE PATIENT PULLS THE ARMS INTO THE CORE OF THE BODY
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FALSE
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SUBARCHNOID HEMATOMA WILL USUALLY PRESENT WITH A SUDDEN AND SEVERE HEADACHE
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TRUE
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THE OUTERMOST OF THE MENGINES IS THE DURA MATER?
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TRUE
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THERE ARE 32 PAIRS OF SPINAL NERVES THAT EMERGE FROM THE SPINAL CORD
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FALSE
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THE VAGUS NERVE IS PART OF THE PARASYMPATHETIC NERVE SYSTEM?
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TRUE
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A FLEXION INJURY IS USUALLY CAUSED BY A RAPID DECELERATION OR DIRECT BLOW TO THE OCCIPITAL REGION?
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TRUE
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MOST FRACTURES SUSTAINED IN A VERIAL COMPRESSION ARE CLASSIFIED AS UNSTABLE
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FALSE
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IN CENTRAL CORD SYNDROME,THE PATIENT WILLL DEMONSTRATE A GREATER LOSS OF FUNCTION IN THE LOWER EXTREMITIES THAN IN THE UPPER EXTREMITIES
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FALSE
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THE DIAPHRAGM IS INNERVATED BY THE PHENIC NERVE BETWEEN C3 AND C5
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TRUE
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WHEN THERE IS AN ABSENT PULSE IN A PATIENT WITH A SPINAL CORD INJURY, IT IS OKAY NOT TO START CPR BECAUSE OF THE REGION OF THE INJURY?
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FALSE
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A NORMAL NEUROLOGIC EXAM CAN IMMEDIATELY RULE OUT A SPINAL CORD INJURY
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FALSE
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THE PREFERRED METHOD OF IMMOBILIZING A PERSON TO A LONG BACKBOARD IS THE TWO-PERSON LOG-ROLL METHOD
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FALSE
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YOU SHOULD ASSESS THE PULSE,MOTOR AND SENSORY FUNCTIONS IN EACH EXTREMITY BEFORE AND AFTER PLACING THE PATIENT ON A LONG BACKBOARD
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TRUE
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A RAPID EXTRICATION TECHNIQUE SHOULD BE USED FOR EVERY PATIENT THAT IS IN A SEATED POSITION IN A CAR CRASH
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FALSE
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IT IS OKAY TO RELEASE MANUAL STABILIZATION OF THE NECK WHILE YOU ARE MEASURING FOR A CERVICAL COLLAR. MAKE SURE,HOWEVER,TO LET YOUR PATIENT KNOWS NOT TO MOVE THE HEAD
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FALSE
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IF THE PATIENT IS STANDING UP AND WALKING, IT IS OKAY TO HAVE THE PATIENT LIE DOWN ON THE BACKBOARD FOR TRANSPORT
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FALSE
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AUTONOMIC DYSREFLEXIA IS TYPICALLY A LATE COMPLICATION OF SPINAL CORD INJURY BUT CAN OCCUR ACUTELY.
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TRUE
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THE SKULL SITS ATOP THE __________________ SKELETON
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AXIALL
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THE _______________ LINK THAT SUTURES IN THE SKULL AND ARE SOFT WHEN A CHIILD IS BORN.
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FONTANELLES
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THE ____________ IS RESPONSIBLE FOR HIGHER FUNCTIONS AND IS THE LARGEST PORTION OF THE BRAIN
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CEREBRUM
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THE BRAINSTEM CONTAINS THE MIDBRAIN, __________________, AND THE ___________________
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PONS MEDULLA
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THE SECOND LAYER OF THE MENINGES RESEMBLES A SPIDER' WEB, SO IT IS CALLED THE __________________
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ARACHNOID
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A/AN _________-_____________ INJURY HAPPENS WHEN THE BRAIN SLOSHES FORWARD AND HITS THE FRONT OF THE SKULL AND THEN RECOILS AND HITS THE BACK PART OF THE SKULL
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COUP-CONTRCOUP
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INCREASED INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE CAN PRODUCE SIGNS OF _______________, BRADYCARDIA, AND IRREGULAR RESPIRATION, THIS IS KNOWN AS _____________________
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HYPERTENSION
CUSHING TRIAD |
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BECAUSE OF CLENCHED TEETH, THE PARAMEDIC MAY HAVE TO PERFORM ________________ ______________ ____________ TO INTUBATE THE HEAD INJURY SAFELY
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RAPID SEQUENCE INTUBATION
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UNLIKE PATIENTS WHO ARE SUFFERING FROM SHOCK,THE PATIENT WITH A HEAD INJURY CAN DEVELOP A VERY HIGH _____________ ______________
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BODY TEMPERATURE
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COMPONENTS OF THE VERTEBRAL BODY ARE THE SPINOUS PROCESS, ___________ AND THE ________________.
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LAMINA
PEDICLES |
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THE TWO VERTEBRAE IN THE CERVICAL AREA THAT ALOW FOR THE ROTATIONAL MOVEMENT OF THE SKULL ARE ___________-AND _______________
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C1
C2 |
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THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM CONSISTS OF THE _______ AND THE ____________ __________
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BRAIN
SPINAL CORD |
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THE SPINAL CORD ATTACHES TO THE BRAIN THROUGH THE ______________ _____________, WHICH IS A HOLD IN THE BASE OF THE SKULL
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FOREMAN MAGNUM
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THE SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM IS CONTROLLED BY THE ___________________
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HYPOTHALAMUS
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_____________________ SPINAL CORD INJURY IS TOTAL DISRUPTION OF ALL TRACTS OF THE SPINAL CORD, WITH ALL CORD-MEDIATED FUNCTION BELOW THE LEVEL OF TRANSACTION LOST PERMANENTLY.
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COMPLETE
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THE SIGN AND SYMPTOM OF __________---_______________
ARE HYPOTENSION AND BRADYCARDIA, ACCOMPANIED BY WARM, DRY, FLUSHED SKIN. |
NEUROLOGIC SHOCK
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THE PARAMEDIC SHOULD ALWAYS USE THE ________________--_______________ METHOD OF OPENING THE AIRWAY OFTHE PATIENT WITH A SUSPECTED SPINAL INJURY.
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JAW-THRUST
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DURING AN ASSESSMENT OF THE FEET OF A PATIENT WHEN YOU STIMULATE THE BOTTOM OF THE FEET, NORMALLY THE TOES MOVE __________________; WITH A POSITIVE BABINSKI RELFEX, THE TOES MOVE ______________.
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DOWNWARD
UPWARD |
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THE BRAINSTEM CONSISTS OF THE _________________, _____________ AND _______________
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MEDULLA
PONS MIDBRAIN |
