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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Definition of Saliva
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A unidirectional movement of fluid, electrolytes, and macromolecules into saliva in response to an appropriate stimulation.
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List the major salivary glands in the head and what 'type' of saliva they secrete.
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1. Parotid (watery, serous consistency)
2. Submandibular (mucinous consistency) 3. Sublingual (viscous consistency) |
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List 5 functions of saliva.
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1. Lubrication
2. Digestion 3. Solvent action 4. Antibacterial/antifungal 5. Buffering 6. Remineralization 7. Temperature regulation 8. Production of growth factors and other regulatory peptides |
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What cranial nerves innervate the salivary glands?
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VII (Sublingual, Submandibular, Parotid)
IX (Parotid & Lingual) |
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How is saliva produced? When is it not produced?
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Continuously...but concentration and volume can be modified in response to neuronal signaling.
Isn't produced at night. |
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These 'end piece' cells are innervated by both sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve fibers.
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Acinar cells.
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As we move from acinus to duct we see this change in electrolyte concentration.
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Isotonic to hypotonic.
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What is the gustatory reflex?
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Reflex effects to taste stimuli, increase salivary flow 10x. Sour taste more effective (citric acid), followed by sweet, salt and bitter. Reflex to smell also increases salivary flow but not to the extent of taste reflex
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What factors affect unstimulated flow?
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Smoking
Postural influence Light Stimulation Hydration Circadian rhythms Gender Mass Gland size Psychological |
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What factors affect stimulated flow?
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Gustatory stimulus
Mechanical stimulus Gag reflex Vomiting Smell Eating Gland size Smoking |
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What are some factors that influence salivary composition?
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Gland type
Flow Rate (Q)* Diet Circadian rhythms Stimulation Hormones/pregnancy Pharmacologic Genetics Pathology Age |
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At high flow rates how does acinar concentration compare to ductal concentration?
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They are about equal.
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Does mucin have antimicrobial function?
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No. Aids in lubrication.
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Changes in flow are related to...
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...variation in autonomic signaling.
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What controls flow?
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Secretomotor innervations.
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What is primary secretion?
What is secondary secretion? |
Primary -> Na/Cl move into acinar lumen
Secondary -> absorption of Na, then Cl and K |
