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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the most common infection of the oral cavity?
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herpes simplex virus
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What are viruses that effect the oral cavity?
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CMV, HZV, EBV, rubeola
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What are deep fungal infections of the oral cavity?
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zygomycosis, aspergillosis, coccidiomycosis, cryptococcosis, histoplasmosis, blastomycosis
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What percentage of leukoplakia is premalignant?
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5-25%
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What is the pathogenesis of squamous cell carcinoma?
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tobacco use, alcohol abuse, HPV, genomic instability
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What is the most common place for squamous cell cancer?
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floor of the mouth
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Where does squamous cell carcinoma metastasize first usually?
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cervical lymph nodes
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What causes infectious rhinitis?
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adenovirus, echovirus, rhinovirus
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What causes allergic rhinitis?
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pollen, fungi, animal allergens, dust mites
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What are bacterial causes of pharyngitis and tonsilitis?
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beta-hemolytic streptocci, staph aureus
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Which tumor occurs almost exclusively in adolescent males?
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nasopharyngeal angiofibroma
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What are sinonasal papillomas?
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benign neoplasms composed of squamous or columnar mucosa
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Which virus causes sinonasal papillomas?
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HPV 6 and 11
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What are the types of sinonasal papillomas?
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septal, inverted and cylindrical
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Which type of nasopharyngeal carcinoma is associated with EBV?
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undifferentiated
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What are the three types of nasopharyngeal carcinoma?
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keratinizing, non-keratinizing, undifferentiating
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Who gets reactive nodules?
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smokers or people who strain their vocal cords
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What is the difference between singers' nodules and polyps?
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singers nodules are bilateral while polyps are unilateral
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What are major risk factors for laryngeal carcinoma?
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cigarette smoking and alcohol exposure
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What are minor risk factors for laryngeal carcinoma?
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nutritional, asbestos exposure, radiation, HPV
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What are common neck masses?
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reactive lymphadenopathy, cysts, metastatic tumors, lymphoproliferative disorders
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What are characteristics of branchial cleft cysts?
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lateral, circumscribed cysts that enlarge slowly and rarely transform
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What are characteristics of thyroglossal duct cysts?
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between foramen cecum of tongue and thyroid, malignant transformation is rare
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What are paragangliomas?
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clusters of neuroendocrine cells associated with sympathetic/parasympathetic nervous system
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What gene is altered in paragangliomas?
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genes encoding subunits of succinate oxidoreductase
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What is the most common lesion of the salivary glands?
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mucocele
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What is a ranula?
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mucocele w/ damage to duct of the sublingual gland
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What are benign salivary gland tumors?
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pleomorphic adenoma, warthin tumor, oncocytoma, ductal papillomas
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What is the most common parotid tumor?
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pleomorphic adenoma
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What comprises a pleomorphic adenoma?
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mixed mesenchymal and epithelial elements
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What is the second most common salivary gland neoplasm?
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warthin tumor
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What gland does warthin tumor usually effect?
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usually parotid
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What are risk factors for warthin tumor?
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M>F, smokers 8x risk
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What are mucoepidermoid carcinomas composed of?
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mixture of squamous cells, mucus-secreting cells and intermediate cells
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What is the most common primary malignant tumor of the salivary glands?
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mucoepidermoid carcinoma
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What accounts for a large fraction of salivary gland neoplasms in salivary glands (not the parotid)?
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mucoepidermoid carcinoma
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Where are half of adenoid cystic carcinomas found?
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minor salivary glands (palate)
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Which are the most common major glands for adenoid cystic carcinoma?
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parotid and submandibular
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What are characteristics of acinic cell carcinoma?
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resemble normal serous acinar cells, occur in the parotid. are sometimes bilateral or multicentric
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