Head And Neck Anatomy

Front 1

dorsal median sulcus

Back 1

The narrow midline cleft on spinal cord

Front 2

Ventral median fissure

Back 2

Broder midline cleft on ventral side of spine

Front 3

Gray matter

Back 3

makes up the dorsal and ventral horns causing the butterfly effect in the spine

Front 4

dorsal root ganglion

Back 4

swelling on the dorsal root

Front 5

dynamic cavity

Back 5

Contains ear canal/hearing

Front 6

superficial face

Back 6

the part of the Face made up by the muscle and skin

Front 7

zagomatic arch

Back 7

separates the temporal and infratemporal fossa.

Front 8

Investing Fascia

Back 8

The outermost fascia encloses 2 superficial muscles of the neck

Front 9

musculofascial collar

Back 9

2 muscles found in the neck. involved in rotation of the head.

Front 10

muscular compartment

Back 10

contians muscle that elevate and depress the hyoid bone when swallowing and speaking.

Front 11

visceral compartment

Back 11

Contains the larynx, pharnx, esophagus, trachea, thyroid and parathyroid.

Front 12

neurovascular compartment

Back 12

surrounded by tubular sheath of fascia. Located lateral to visceral compartment. Contains major arteries, veins of neck as well as lymph vessels and nerves.

Front 13

prevertabral fascia

Back 13

encases cervical vertibrae and intrinsic muscles

Front 14

4th week of fetal development

Back 14

face begins to form

stomdeum primitive mouth and primitive pharanyx merge.

Six pairs of bronchial arches have formed

1st mandibularbarch- forms bones muscles nerves lower lip muscles of masticstion, anterior portion of aviolar process

2nd also know as hyoid arch- forms styloid process, stapes of ear, stylohyoid ligament, part of hyoid bone.

3rd forms body of hyoid bone and posterior tongue

4th-6 lower throat, thyroid cartilage, muscle and nerves of pharynx and larynx

Front 15

3rd week of development

Back 15

The three primary layers ectoderm mesoderm and endoderm form

Front 16

Middle layer on layer or mesoderm

Back 16

Forms the Denton cementon and pulp. Skeletor vascular and lymphatic system muscles are some internal organs

Front 17

Outer layer or ectoderm

Back 17

Forms tooth enamel and lining of nasal and oral cavity

Front 18

Inner layer Or endoderm

Back 18

Form the epithelial lining

Front 19

midface

Back 19

develops from first brachial arch and forms maxilary processes and mandible frontal process forms for head.

occurs by 3 weeks

Development takes place above stomodeum.

Front 20

palate

Back 20

Develops from brachial arch and frontal process.

Derived from right and left palitine process and globular process

Soft tussue fuses between 8-12 weeks gestation

formed by 2 structures primary and secondary palate.

Fusion makes a Y shaped pattern

May e

Front 21

The tongue

Back 21

Formed from the brachial arches 1-4 anterior part derived from first brachial arch

posterior part derived from arches to 2-4

formed by three anterior swellings that form the anterio portion; two lateral lingual swelling

plays of all in the development of the thyroid gland: epithelial tissue is it he center of the toungue

Front 22

tuberculum impar

Back 22

Front 23

Foremen cecum

Back 23

Front 24

the dentition

Back 24

develops front first brachial arch and frontal process.

begins at 6 weeks

begins at anterior mandible

does not begin calcifying until 4th month

develops from thickened epithelium-primarily lamina dura

develops from tooth germ-consists of 3 layer enamel organ, dental papilla, dental sac

Front 25

Bone and alveolar process

Back 25

derived from formal process and first brachial arch.

outer dense bone(compact bone)

inner sponge-like bone(trabecular bone/cancellous)

50% mineralized 50%non-mineralized.

formed from connective tissue.

developed in response to teeth.

1.7 grams of pressure to move teeth

Front 26

Bone and alveolar process

Back 26

Form from osteoblastic activity

resort from osteoblastic activity

decrease when teeth position is changed/tooth loss

contain internal vascular canals

contains internal cellular channels and space.

Front 27

Lamina dura

Back 27

White substance between tooth and bone

Front 28

Histology of the periodontal ligament

Back 28

Thin layers of connective tissue surrounding root of tooth

fibers are reflective of location

fibers are made up of collagen fibroblasts contain specialized cells cementoblast cemento osteoblast and osteoclast

May contain epithelial that can lead to tumor formation

Front 29

Periodontal ligament

Back 29

Support

protect

sensory

nutritive

formative and resorptive

Front 30

oral mucous membrane

Back 30

Lines the oral cavity. Derived from germ layer ectoderm

Consists of outer epithelial layer(stratified squamous epithelium) and underlying connective tissue layer(lamina propria)

some areas are keritinized

Front 31

Lining mucosa

Back 31

Softer texture moist stretchable red in color unattach has submucosa blood and nerves. Covers inside of cheeks, vestibule, lips, soft palate and ventral surface of tongue

Front 32

Masticatory mucosa

Back 32

Rubbery surface, resilient, light pink, keratinized, firmly attached to Bone. Includes attached gingiva hard palate and dorsum of tongue

Front 33

Specialized mucosa

Back 33

Dorsal surface of tongue Papillae

Front 34

Salivary glands

Back 34

Develop from epithelium that lines the early oral cavity contain

Serous cells- amylase that breaks down starches

mucous cells - Mucin that lubricates