Head Anatomy

Front 1

The structures that pass the optic foramen are the

Back 1

Optic nerve and CRA (ophthalmic A)

Front 2

Superior orbital fissureInside tendinus annulusAka Oculomotor foramenOutside tendinus annulus(above annulus)

Back 2

Old Owls Are Not IntelligentOM nerve (IIIs), sup divisionOM nerve (IIIi), inf divisionAbducens N (VI)Nasociliary N (V1)Inferior ophthalmic veinRob Left Florida To SingRecurrent lacrimal ALacrimal N (V1)Frontal N (V1)Trochlear N(IV)Superior ophthalmic vein

Front 3

Foramen rotundum

Back 3

Maxillary N

Front 4

Foramen ovale

Back 4

Mandibular N (V3)Accessory meningeal ALesser petrosal N

Front 5

Foramen spinosum

Back 5

Middle meningeal A & NMeningeal branch of V3

Front 6

Formane lacerum

Back 6

Internal carotid AInternal carotid N plexus

Front 7

Internal acoustic meatus

Back 7

Facial N (VII)Vestibulocochlear N (VIII)

Front 8

Jugular foramen

Back 8

Inf. Petrosal sinusGlossopharyngeal N (IX)Vagus N (X)Accessory N (XI)Sigmoid sinusPost meningeal A

Front 9

Hypoglossal canal

Back 9

Hypoglossal N (XII)

Front 10

Foramen magnum

Back 10

Medulla oblongataMeningesVertebral AMeningeal branch of vertebralsSpinal roots of accessory N

Front 11

The only synovial joint of the skull is the

Back 11

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ)

Front 12

Branches of the external carotids

Back 12

Facial AInfraorbital ASuperficial temporal A. Transverse facial A Orbital A Frontal A

Front 13

Branches of the internal carotids

Back 13

Ophthalmic APosterior communicating AAnterior cerebral AMiddle cerebral A

Front 14

The circle of Willis consists of

Back 14

Internal carotid AsCerebral AsCommunicating As

Front 15

The R and L brachiocephalic veins drain to the

Back 15

Superior vena cava

Front 16

The brachiocephalic veins are formed by the

Back 16

Union of the internal jugular and subclavian veins

Front 17

The external jugular vein drains the

Back 17

Face

Front 18

The internal jugular vein drains the

Back 18

Orbit and head

Front 19

The supravaginal space of Schwalbe is found

Back 19

Around the ON between limiting membrane and dura

Front 20

Volume of the orbital cavity is

Back 20

29ml

Front 21

The orbit consists of 7 bones

Back 21

Maxillary (facial) – floor and medial wall Zygomatic (facial) – lateral wall and floorPalatine (facial) – floorLacrimal (facial) – medial wallFrontal (cranial) – roof Sphenoid (cranial) – lateral wall, floor and medial wall Ethmoid (cranial) – medial wall (lamina papyracea)

Front 22

CN V > ophthalmic div > Frontal branch >

Back 22

Supratrochlear and Surpaorbital

Front 23

CN V > ophthalmic div > Lacrimal branch >

Back 23

Superior div (lateral palpebral branch) , Inferior div

Front 24

CN V > ophthalmic div > Nasociliary branch >

Back 24

Porterior and anterior ethmoidal branches, Infratrochlear branch, sensory root and long posterior ciliary nerve

Front 25

The terminal branches of the ophthalmic A are the

Back 25

Frontal A (aka supratrochlear A), Dorsal nasal A

Front 26

Branches of the external carotid artery Facial A.Superficial Temporal A.Internal maxillary A.

Back 26

> branches to angular A. > supplies side of face and eyelids> infraorbital A, orbital branch of middle meningeal A. (aka recurrent meningeal A) > provides collateral circulation to the orbit

Front 27

The ophthalmic A is the

Back 27

7th branch of the internal carotid

Front 28

Central retinal A is the 1st branch of the Ophthalmic A.

Back 28

Enters the orbit in the center of the optic nerve

Front 29

Lacrimal A. is the 2nd branch of the ophthalmic A Recurrent meningeal AMuscular AZygomatic ASuperior and inferior lateral palpebral A

Back 29

There are 4 branches of the lacrimal A Aka recurrent lacrimal A – enters through the SOFSupplies SR and LRZygomaticofacial and Zygomaticotemporal

Front 30

Superior muscular A supplies (direct brn of ophthalmic)

Back 30

SR, SO and levator

Front 31

Inferior muscular A supplies (direct brn of ophthalmic)

Back 31

IR, IO and MR

Front 32

Posterior ciliary As branch off the ophthalmic A and

Back 32

Form the Circle of Zinn Haller around the optic nerve

Front 33

The Pial artery is a branch of the ophthalmic A and

Back 33

Vasculaizes the pia mater of the optic nerve

Front 34

Supraorbital A branched off the ophthalmic A –supplies

Back 34

Orbit roof, frontal sinuses, eye brows, SR and levator, scalp

Front 35

Anterior and posterior ethmoidal As are both branches

Back 35

Of the ophthalmic A

Front 36

Dorsal nasal A anastomoses with

Back 36

The angular branch of the fracial A

Front 37

Veins DO NOT have valves which allows for

Back 37

Bidirectinal blood flow

Front 38

Superior ophthalmic vein (SOV) Frontal drainage routeBack drainage route

Back 38

Anastomose with angular V via orbital V – To the cavernous sinus > inferior petrosal sinus > internal jugular > brachiocephalic > sup vena cava > r. atrium

Front 39

Central retinal vein drains the

Back 39

Retina – connects with SOV in posterior orbit

Front 40

Vortex veins drain

Back 40

A quadrant of the posterior eye to the SOV

Front 41

Anterior ciliary vein drains the

Back 41

Front part of the eyeball

Front 42

Inferior orbital vein exits the orbit independently of the

Back 42

SOV – leaves through the inf. orbital fissure to the pterygoid venous plexus in the inferior temporal fossa

Front 43

IOV continues to the

Back 43

> internal maxillary V > retromandibular V > external jugular V > subclavian > sup vena cava – drains the bottom of the orbit

Front 44

Cavernous sinus is formed anteriorly by the

Back 44

SOV and communicates posteriorly with the inferior and superior petrosal sinuses

Front 45

Intracranial sinuses are lined with

Back 45

Dura mater

Front 46

Pterygoid venous plexus is located

Back 46

Outside the cranium and is NOT lined with dura – mass of small veins found below the cavernous sinuses

Front 47

Pterygoid venous plexus communicates to the

Back 47

Cavernous sinus through emissary veins

Front 48

There are NO lymph nodes of lymph vessels in the

Back 48

Orbit

Front 49

CN IV (trochlear) innervates the

Back 49

SO on the orbital side of the muscle

Front 50

The only CN with origin on the dorsal surface of brain stem is the …

Back 50

Trochlear N (CN IV)

Front 51

Lesion of SO results in the eye moving

Back 51

Up and In and extorting – head tilt away from lesion

Front 52

CN V (Trigeminal N) originates from the

Back 52

Ventrolateral surface of the pons

Front 53

Divisions of CN V =

Back 53

Ophthalmic, maxillary, mandibular

Front 54

Preganglionic sympathetic cell bodies are located in the

Back 54

Lateral horn of gray and leave the spinal cord through the ventral root

Front 55

The internal carotid nerved gives rise to the

Back 55

Sympathetic carotid plexus – from lateral branch Sympathetic cavernous plexus – from medial branch