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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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adenoma
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benign tumor of a gland
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lipoma
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benign fatty tumor
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myoma
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tumor of the muscle
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angiomas
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localized tumor from hyperplasia of blood or lymph tissue (birthmarks)
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papilloma
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tumor from epithelial cells, warts
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meningiomas
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benign brain tumors
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cyclins
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cell cycle proteins, regulate cell division
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apoptosis
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cell death
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transformation
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process by which cancer cells develop from normal cells
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initiation
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first step of transformation, change in genetic material that prepares the cell to become cancerous
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promotion
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second step of transformation, initiated cells proliferate and resemble benign neoplasms
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progression
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final step of transformation, precancerous cells to malignant cells
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oncogenes
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tumor promoting genes
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mutagens
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introduced by tobacco smoking, alter genetic expression can cause cells to transform into neoplastic or cancerous
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carcinomas
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most common form of cancer, epithelial cells that line body surfaces (breast, stomach, large intestine, prostate gland, uterine cervix)
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sarcomas
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highly malignant connective tissue tumors from muscle, fat, bone, and blood vessels
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mixed cancers
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cells capable of being epithelial or connective tissue cells, or cancer in adjacent tissue types
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leukemias
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cancers of blood-forming tissue
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lymphomas
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cancer of lymphoid tissue
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melanomas
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malignant neoplasms from pigment producing cells (melanocytes)
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cachexia
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pain and nutritional wasting
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adenocarcinoma
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lung cancer that occurs in non smokers
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TNM staging system
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T (extent of primary tumor)
N (lymph node involvement) M (metastasis) |
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in situ
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cancer cells have not spread
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