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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Where do all mosquitos lay their eggs?
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water (larva and pupa live their as well)
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Life duration of mosquitoes, feeding schedule
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2-5 weeks
feed every 3-5 days |
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4 main genuses of viral viruses
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flavivirus
Alphavirus bunyavirus orbivirus |
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3 viral vector-borne disease found in NC
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West Nile encephalitis
Eatern equine encephalitis LaCrosse encephalitis |
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Dengue is what type of virus?
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flavivirus
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3 proteins from flavivirus
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C protein (capsid)
E protein (envelope), receptor binding and fusion, major virulence factor M protein |
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Major virulence factor of flavivirus
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E protein (target of vaccines)
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What do flaviviruses use for their protein?
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A single protein that is cleaved in multiple sites
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In urban dengue, what is the main host of dengue?
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Humans
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In sylvatic dengue, what is the main host of dengue?
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non-human primates
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General distribution of dengue
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tropics
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Why is dengue such a big problem today?
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Urbanization/growth in cities, jet travel, health services poorly organized, lack of vector control professionals
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Clinical picture of dengue
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Can be asymptomatic or symptomatic
Sym-can have fever or hemorrhagic fever Hemo fever can lead to Dengue shock syndrome |
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Increased risk factors for DHF
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some genotypes
age of host (children higher risk) genetic background (Africans dec. risk) previous dengue infections (worse if different serotype) |
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Dangerous window of dengue in infants
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6-10 mo, once maternal Ab would have worn off
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Dengue replicates where?
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monocyte and macrophages
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How does the Dengue virus use the Ab to infect cells?
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Uses it to enter the cell
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How does dengue cause shock?
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non-regulated cytokine response (doesn;t replicate in endothelial cells like Rickettsia)
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Where is the main reservoir of West Nile?
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birds (culex mosquites)
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Peak of West Nile
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late summer/early fall
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Population where WNV is most deadly
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elderly (mainly meningoencephalitis)
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Clinical spectrum of WNV
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most asymptomatic
-incubation 2-6 days Can have uncomplicated and complicated cases |
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Complicated WNV symptoms
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prolonged fever and HA (made it to CNS)
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Flavivirus diagnosis
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RT-PCR (just in 5 day window)
IgM or IgG ELISA New NS1 antigen detection test (just dengue) |
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Primary tx for dengue and WNV
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supportive, no specific antivirals exist
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