Exam 2

Front 1

In addition to the school year being longer than it was in the past:

Back 1

adolescents remain in school for more years.

Front 2

Online harassment is ________ in-person harassment.

Back 2

less common than

Front 3

Achievement is lower when

Back 3

~students experience transitions,

~schools are overcrowded.
~teachers have low expectations for their students' abilities.

Front 4

Professor Gates is studying large groups of adolescents to learn about their particular mini-cultures. Professor Gates is most likely studying:

Back 4

crowds.

Front 5

Judy's parents express love toward her and they let her, for the most part, establish her own schedule. She eats when she's hungry, has full run of the house, and sleeps when she's tired. This parenting style fits best with which of the following?

Back 5

indulgent

Front 6

The recent, get-tough approach to dealing with violence in schools that has been hotly debated among researchers is known as:

Back 6

the zero-tolerance approach

Front 7

Judy and Jessica hang around people their same age. These people are most accurately described as

Back 7

peers

Front 8

When it comes to matters like religion, adolescents are more likely to be influenced by _____ over _____.

Back 8

parents; friends

Front 9

Joshua's parents set rules for him, but he feels that when a rule seems unfair, he can discuss it with his parents and, even if they don't agree to change the rule, they at least listen to his opinions. Joshua's parents fit best into which of the following parenting styles?

Back 9

authoritative

Front 10

The process of separating students into different levels of classes within the same school is called:

Back 10

tracking.

Front 11

_____ are settings for intimate interactions and friendships, whereas _____ are based on reputation, rather than on actual social interaction.

Back 11

Cliques; crowds

Front 12

Karen, a ninth-grader, was mad at Cheryl for spilling juice on Karen's shirt. Karen spread a rumor that Cheryl had gossiped about her friends. Karen is using _____ to express her aggression toward Cheryl.

Back 12

relational aggression

Front 13

Self-esteem is _____ among students who are identified with peer groups that have relatively high status in their school.

Back 13

higher

Front 14

Adolescents who have academic difficulties that can be traced to persistent and impairing symptoms of inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity may have:

Back 14

ADHD

Front 15

Research has shown that teachers tend to favor high-achieving students by providing extra cues for answers and more positive nonverbal behaviors than for lower-achieving students. Such evidence provides support for the notion that teachers' expectations may contribute to:

Back 15

the self-fulfilling prophecy.

Front 16

Over the period of adolescence, individuals' perspectives change. Research indicates that one manifestation of this change in perspective is a(an) _____ in adolescents' willingness to lie to their parents.

Back 16

increase

Front 17

Michelle has been placed in a school program for gifted children. She was probably selected because she

Back 17

has a high IQ.

Front 18

Some critics of the No Child Left Behind act argued that it was having the unintended consequence of:

Back 18

providing incentives for schools to push low-achieving students out of school.

Front 19

Tammy's father has absolute standards and expects Tammy to conform to them without exception. If she disobeys he generally punishes her, and sees no reason why he should explain his rules to Tammy. Instead, his response is, "I'm the father and I love you. I know what's best for you." Her father is best described as having what kind of parenting style?

Back 19

authoritarian

Front 20

During the school year, the rate of academic progress was equal between students with higher-socioeconomic status and disadvantaged students. During the summer months:

Back 20

disadvantaged students' scores declined.

Front 21

In early adolescence, _____ friendships are most common, and in late adolescence, _____ friendships are common

Back 21

same sex; opposite sex

Front 22

A group against which an individual compares himself or herself is called:

Back 22

a reference group.

Front 23

Secondary education refers to:

Back 23

middle school, junior high school, and high school.

Front 24

Which of the following statements about cliques is false?

Back 24

Cliques are typically more emotionally salient for adolescents involved in antisocial behavior.

Front 25

Comparisons of large and small schools reveal that:

Back 25

students in small schools are more likely to participate in school activities.

Front 26

Although Chris is significantly delayed developmentally he goes to a regular grade school; takes classes in social studies, music, and physical education with the non-handicapped students; and goes to special classes to learn about reading and arithmetic. This situation is an example of:

Back 26

mainstreaming.

Front 27

Growing up, Jessica's parents had a lot of marital conflict. At times Jessica was even exposed to some domestic violence. Jessica is likely to develop which of the following problems?

Back 27

~delinquency

~aggression
~depression

Front 28

According to the textbook, victims of cyber bullying often report all of the following adjustment problems, except:

Back 28

parent-child conflict.

Front 29

Which of the following is considered a shared environmental influence for siblings ages 5 and 12?

Back 29

family socioeconomic status

Front 30

Prior to the early twentieth century, high schools were designed:

Back 30

for elite youngsters.

Front 31

The process of grouping individuals within social institutions on the basis of chronological age is called:

Back 31

age grading.

Front 32

Felicia is very warm and accepting to both of her two children, but she also sets firm rules that the children must follow with very few exceptions. According to Baumrind, the characteristics that best describe her are:

Back 32

responsive and demanding.

Front 33

A group of individuals who are born during a particular time period (e.g., the baby boomers) is known as what?

Back 33

cohort

Front 34

________ involvement has been found to enhance the adjustment of low-income students in their transition to middle school.

Back 34

Community