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109 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Disease
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a state, condition, or process occurring in a living body
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Syndrome
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a combination of symptoms that consistently occur together
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-ia (suffix)
-osis |
an abnormal condition (pneumonia / cyanosis)
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-itis (suffix)
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inflammation (appendicitis)
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-ism (suffix)
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habituation or intoxication (alcoholism)
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Acquired
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not congenital
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Acute
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developing relatively suddenly & running its course in a few days or weeks.
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Asymptomatic
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causing no symptoms
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Chronic
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having a protracted course, often lifelong
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Congenital
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present at birth - not necesarily inherited
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Disabling
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causing impairment of normal functions or capabilities
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End-stage
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a progressively deteriorating condition reaching the point of terminal function impairment
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Fulminant or fulminating
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rapidly progressive and severe
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Hyperacute
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a very abrupt onset or very brief course
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Infantile
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occurring or becoming evident during infancy
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Intermittent
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causing symptoms at intervals, with periods w/out symptoms
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Juvenile
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occurring in early life
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Life-threatening
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a disease or injury that may prove fatal
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Malignant
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tending to cause death
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Neonatal
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affecting newborn infants
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Paroxysmal
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occurring in sudden attacks
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Progressive
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increasingly extensive or severe symptoms or signs
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Recurrent
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a condition that reappears after symptoms had largely or entirely resolved.
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Relapsing
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same as recurrent
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Remissive, remittent
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most or all signs & symptoms have resolved; remission (may be temporary or permanent
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Self-limiting
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a disease that runs its course and resolves spontaneously without complications (cold)
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Senile
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occurring as a result of aging
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Silent
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asymptomatic; a disease or condition discovered only by chance.
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Subacute
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lasting longer that an acute illness
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Subclinical
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causing no symptoms or signs (same as silent)
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Terminal
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a disease that is expected to cause death regardless of treatment
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Deficiency
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due to a lck or insufficiency of some essential chemical substance
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Degenerative
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caused by deterioration in the structure or function of cells or tissue usu. with aging
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Developmental
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some abnormality in the development of a tissue, organ, or body part (before or after birth)
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Essential
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of unknown cause; arising spontaneously
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Familial (heredofamilial)
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an inherited abnormality expressed in other members of the patient's family
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Functional
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a disturbance of funciton w/out evidence of structural or chemical abnormality
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Hereditary
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an inherited abnormality or tendency
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Idiopathic
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of unkown cause
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Ifectious (infective)
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the adverse biological, chemical or immunologic effects of the growth of microorganisms in the body
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Molecular
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a disease caused by abnormality in the chemical structure or concentration of a single molecule
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Neoplastic
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formation of one or more growths or tumors (benign or malignant)
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Nutritional
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insufficient or excessive dietary intake of some nutrients
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Organic
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some demonstrable abnormality in a bodily structure
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Traumatic
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due to injury - physical, chemical, thermal or psychological
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Differential diagnosis
"the differential" |
ranking of several alternative explanations of a patient's symptoms & physical findings (H&P)
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Etiology
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the study of the causes of disease
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Multifactorial etiology
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indicates that a given disease has more than one cause operating together
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Primary
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a disease or condition that does not result from some other disease
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Secondary
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a disease or condition that results from some other disease.
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History
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a detailed record of the course of an illness, as perceived/recalled by the patient
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Noncontributory
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information of no help in arriving at a diagnosis
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Symptom
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any distress, abnormality, or malfunction experienced by the patient as a result of illness
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Physical examination
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a formal assessment of bodily structure and function by the physician
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Four techniques of Physical Examination:
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inspection, palpation, percussion & auscultation
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Inspection (physical exam)
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visual examination of the external body surface.
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Palpation (physical exam)
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Feeling superficial & deep structures w/ the fingers or palm
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Percussion (physical exam)
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Tapping w/ a finger on the body wall to detect variations in sound
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Auscultation (physical exam)
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Listening to selected body regions w/ a stethoscope
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Sign (physical exam)
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any abnormality that is observable by the physician
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Culture
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the growth of microorganisms from a specimen under controlled laboratory conditions
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Cytology
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Microscopic examination of a stained cell
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Electrodiagnostic procedures
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method for recording the electrical activity accompanying the fuction of certain organs or tissue
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Endoscopy
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examination of the interior of a cavity or hollow organ with an instrument
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Histology
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microscopic examination of stained very thin sections of tissue by biopsy, surgical excision or autopsy
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Imaging (diagnostic)
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any procedure used to study/visualize internal organs/tissues by irradiation (x-ray, Ct scan)
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Invasive
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a procedure requiring the intro of an instrument into the body
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Laboratory test
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any test performed in a laboratory on a specimen of tissue or body fluids removed from the patient
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Microbiology
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the study of microorganisms
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Noninvasive
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a procedure that does not require the intro of an instrument
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Radiography (branch of medical technology)
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x-ray & other imaging procedures
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Radiology (branch of medicine)
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diagnosis & treatment of disease through x-ray, ultrasound, MRI and related
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Scan
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examination of part or all of the body by a radiographic procedure
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Serology
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antigen-antibody reactions to diagnose infections & other disease (particularly autoimmune disease)
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Smear
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a thin film or fluid that is examined microscopically for diagnostic purposes.
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Course (of disease)
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the sequence of events from the first appearance of symptoms to the final resolution of abnormalities
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Complication
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a disease/condition induced by a pre-existing conditon which renders treatment more difficult/death
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Form
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any of several clinical patterns that a disease may manifest
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Forme fruste
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an atypical, prematurely arrested, or incompletely developed from of a disease
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Grade
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a measure of the severity of a disease or condition
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Life-threatening
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a disease or injury that may prove fatal in spite of aggressive treatment.
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Onset
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the first appearance of signs or symptoms
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Present
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symptoms or signs that are evident when the patient first seeks medical attention
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Prodrome
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a period when symptoms precede the appearance of typical signs of a disease
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Prognosis
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the probable outcome of a disease
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Sequela
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an abnormality or impairment that persist after a disease has been resolved (scarring or weakness)
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Stage
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a measure of the extent to which a disease has developed
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T-N-M classification
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a formal mode of staging for many malignant diseases.
T, tumor; N, (lymph)nodes; M, metastases |
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Aggressive (treatment)
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a prompt, energetic program of treatment
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Benign neglect
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doing essentially nothing
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Conservative
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a mode of treatment with a low risk of causing serious adverse effects
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Cosmetic
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to improve physical appearance
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Cure
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complete extinction of a disease
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Elective
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a procedure that is not absolutely required (or is deferred) to save the patient's life
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Heroic
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radical or extreme therapeutic measures
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Inoperable
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when surgical treatment is not an option due to extent of disease or condition of the patient
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Masterly inactivity
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same as benign neglect
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Medical
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any form of treatment not involving surgery or physical manipulation
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Monodrug therapy
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treatment of a condition with a single drug
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Palliative
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treatment of a severe disease to relieve pain or conserve function without curing
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Physical therapy
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treatment involving application of physical modalities
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Protocol
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a therapeutic regimen
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Radical
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a drastic program of treatment
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Regimen
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a program or course of treatment including diet, exercise & drug therapy
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Surgical
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physical manipulation
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Supportive
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a trmt regimen to preserve the patient's comfort, hydration, nutrition w/out affecting the disease
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Symptomatic
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a trtmt to relieve symptoms rather than abolish their cause
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Synergism
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a positive interaction between two or more drugs
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Therapeutic trial
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experimental administration of a drug
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