Hccf: 160 Ch 9-11

Front 1

CHILDREN 2-6 GROW ABOUT HOW MUCH PER YEAR, HEIGHT AND WEIGHT?

Back 1

2 1/2 INCHES, 5-7 POUNDS

Front 2

BY AGE 5 THE BRAIN IS AT WHAT % OF ITS FINAL WEIGHT?

Back 2

90%

Front 3

DOES THE BRAIN GROW AS RAPIDLY AS IT DID IN INFANCY?

Back 3

NO

Front 4

DO THE BRAIN AND HEAD GROW MORE RAPIDLY THAN THE BODY?

Back 4

YES

Front 5

NEW ? ARE CREATED AND NEUROTRANSMITTERS SUCH AS ? ARE INCREASED

Back 5

SYNAPSES, DOPEMINE

Front 6

Myelination of the areas of the brain needed for ? and ?
coordination are not complete until age 4.

Back 6

eye and hand

Front 7

For the areas that control
? , the Myelination is
not complete until middle or
late childhood

Back 7

attention

Front 8

Most rapid growth during years 3-6 is in the ? lobe

Back 8

frontal

Front 9

Local patterns in the brain
changes rapidly from ages ?-?

Back 9

3-15

Front 10

Can environment effect the
physical development of the
brain?

Back 10

Yes

Front 11

True or False?
Children are often
farsighted.

Back 11

TRUE

Front 12

What is laxy eye and how can it be treated?

Back 12

Imbalance in the eye muscles
that can lead to double vision. Treatments include patching the stronger eye, Glasses, eye exercises or occasionally surgery

Front 13

What are perceptual motor activities?

Back 13

Copying movements as in
songs and rhymes

Front 14

Children need ? to develop the large muscles and improve gross motor skills such as jumping, climbing, and running.

Back 14

Exercise

Front 15

By age ? skills are under better command of the eye

Back 15

5

Front 16

Kellogg’s Stages are concerning what fine motor ability?

Back 16

Drawing

Front 17

Earliest form of drawing where children are usually experimenting with the media.

Back 17

Basic Scribbles (Age 2-3)

Front 18

A little more organization to scribbles

Back 18

Placement stage

Front 19

Child around 3 years draws 6 basic shapes – Circle,square,
triangle, X’s, crosses and
Odd forms.

Back 19

Shape Stage

Front 20

Combination of shapes to make more complex designs
Recognizable representations

Back 20

Design Stage

Front 21

At about 4 or 5 children begin drawing representational objects that are recognizable.

Back 21

Pictoral Stage

Front 22

What is a Transitional Object?

Back 22

Usually soft and cuddly helps the child become a more independent person

Front 23

What child behavioral problems can be linked to sleep problems?

Back 23

 Hyperactivity
 Conduct problems
 Emotional problems
 Peer problems

Front 24

What are Nightmares?

Back 24

 Normal
 In they are persistent it might mean the child is under too much stress

Front 25

What are Night Terrors?

Back 25

 Includes intense physical redaction
 Child usually unaware of what had frightened them or awakened them and
fall back to sleep quickly
 Usually not a serious problem

Front 26

Average child needs about calories per day?

Back 26

1700

Front 27

Children eat too much ? and ?

Back 27

fat and sugar

Front 28

What are the leading cause of deathfor children of this age?

Back 28

Accidents :
Motor vehicle
Drowning
House fires and explosions
Falls
Poison

Front 29

What is Self Understanding?

Back 29

It is the child's cognitive representation of self, the
substance and content of the child’s self -conceptions

Front 30

Self recognition begins at what age?

Back 30

18 months

Front 31

What is the emotional development of a 2-3 year old?

Back 31

¡ Increase in emotional vocabulary
¡ Correctly label emotions in self and others and talk about past,
present and future emotions
¡ Talk about causes and consequences of some emotions
associated with certain situations
¡ Use emotional language in pretend play

Front 32

What is the emotional development of a 4-5 year old?

Back 32

¡ Show increased capacity to reflect verbally on emotional and
consider more complex reactions between emotion and situation
¡ Understand that the same event can call forth different feelings
in different people and that feelings sometimes persist long after the events that caused them
¡ Demonstrate a growing awareness about controlling and managing emotions in accord with social standards

Front 33

What is Moral Development?

Back 33

Development regarding rules and conventions about what people should do in their interaction with others

Front 34

What is Heteronomy?

Back 34

¡ Younger children, in general, reasoned in a way which Piaget described as
heteronymous. Not only did younger children's moral judgments focus on the material features of a situation. They were also strongly influenced by the potential responses of an authority figure, invariably an adult or an older child, who determined what was right or wrong for these younger children.

Front 35

What is Imminent Justice?

Back 35

immediate punishment for a broken rule

Front 36

What is autonomy?

Back 36

¡ Amongst the older children, however, Piaget noted that reasoning was more autonomous in character. The older children's moral thought was based on notions of intention and motivation. For older children morality was not something that w as seen to be determined by authority figures.

Front 37

What are the Social Cognitive theories of Bandura?

Back 37

¡ When children are rewarded for moral behavior they are likely
to repeat that behavior
¡ When models behave morally, children also adopt their actions
¡ Morality influenced greatly by the situation
¡ Ability to resist temptation may be linked to the development of self control

Front 38

What is Superego development?

Back 38

¡ To Freud this is the Moral branch of the psyche or personality
¡ Resolution to the Oedipus Complex and identification with the same sex parent to relieve the feelings of guilt and reduce anxiety
¡ Internalize the parents sense of right and wrong

Front 39

What is empathy?

Back 39

¡ A positive feeling that contributes to the child ’s moral development
¡ Many theorists feel that these positive emotions have as much to do with a child's moral development as the negative ones (shame, guilt)

Front 40

True or False?
Females use both hemispheres of the brain much more than
men do due to a prenatal hormone difference.

Back 40

True

Front 41

What is Evolutionary psychology?

Back 41

Men and women experiences different pressures and
therefore evolved different behaviors

Front 42

What is the “Pink and Blue” syndrome?

Back 42

Differences in how boy and girl children are treated begins at
birth
l Hairstyles, toys, clothes
l Interactions from parents differ
l Gender roles through imitation and modeling

Front 43

What are the parental influences on gender?

Back 43

¡ Mothers tend to be more nurturing
¡ Father more likely to engage in play with the child
¡ Girls more likely to be given dolls and boys balls

Front 44

What are the peer influences on gender?

Back 44

¡ Peers “reward” children for engaging in same sex activities and criticize cross-sex activity
¡ Especially during middle childhood and adolescence

Front 45

What is the difference schools and teachers have on gender?

Back 45

¡ Girls learning problems are not identifies as readily as boys
¡ Boys get more attention in school
¡ Pressure to achieve heaped more on boys than girls

Front 46

What are the effects of divorce on children?

Back 46

lAcademic problems
lActing out
lAnxiety, depression
lLess socially responsible
lLess competent at intimate relationships
lSexually active earlier
lDrug users However not all children of divorce suffer
these problems

Front 47

Parents of Bullies tend to be authoritarian, rejecting, and permissive
of their child's aggression?
True or False?

Back 47

True

Front 48

What are the functions of play?

Back 48

¡ Health
¡ Increase affiliation with peers
¡ Release tension
¡ Advance cognitive development
¡ Increase exploration
¡ Safe place to engage in dangerous behaviors
¡ Practice roles they will assume later

Front 49

Waht is Unoccupied play?

Back 49

Child not engaged in a play behavior

Front 50

What is Solitary Play?

Back 50

Alone or independently

Front 51

What is Onlooker Play?

Back 51

Watches other children play

Front 52

What is Parallel Play?

Back 52

Child plays separately from others but with toys like the others are using and in a
manner that mimics their play

Front 53

What is Associative Play?

Back 53

Involves interaction but little or no organization

Front 54

What is Cooperative play?

Back 54

Social interaction in an organized activity with a sense of group

Front 55

What is Sensorimotor and Practice Play?

Back 55

¡ Behavior engaged in by infants to derive pleasure by exercising their existing schemas Happens primarily
in infancy but engaged in throughout life
¡ Involves repetition of a new or novel skill Pretend or Symbolic Play
¡ Child transfers physical world into symbols

Front 56

What is social play?

Back 56

Involves interaction with peers

Front 57

What is Constructive Play?

Back 57

¡ Combines sensory motor and practice repetition activity with symbolic representation.
¡ Self regulated creation or construction of a product or a problemsolution

Front 58

At what ages do children engage in games with rules?

Back 58

8-12