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264 Cards in this Set

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level of training established by the NFPA allowing first responders to take defensive actions at haz mat incidents are expected to do all the same as awareness plus initiate defensive actions to protect the public, environment and property from the effects

operations level

SAR

supplied air respirators

APR

air purrifying respirators

PAPRS

powered air purifying respirators

the disadvantages of scbas are

weight, limited air, change in profile that may hinder mobility, limited vision, limited communication

CBRNE

chemical


biological


radio-logical


nuclear agents


explosive

__________ or ___________ is an atmosphere supplying respirator in which the user does not carry the breathing air source.

SAR or airline respirator

this usually consists of a face-piece a belt or face-piece mounted regulator a voice communications system up to 300 ft of air supply hose an emergency escape pack or emergency breathing support system and a breathing air source mounted on a cart.

SAR

NIOSH classifies SARS as a _______

type c respirators

__________ has the advantage of reducing physical stress to the wearer by removing the wight of the scba however the air supply line is a limitation because of the potential for mechanical or heat damage

SAR

_________ contain a filter, canister or cartridge that removes specific contaminants found in ambient air as it passes through the _______________ element

APR
APR can be divided into three types
particulate removing
vapor and gas removing combination

PAPRS

powered air purifying respirtator

__________ do not supply oxygen or air from a separate source the protect only against specific contaminants or at a below certain concentrations

APR

aprs do not protect against_____________ or _____________

oxygen deficient or oxygen enriched atmosphers

three primary limitations of an apr are

limited life of its filter need for constant monitoring of contaminated atmosphere need for a normal oxygen content of the atmosphere

the precautions that should be taken before using APRS

-know chemicals/air contents -know how much of the chemicals/air contaminants are in the air -ensure that the oxygen level is between 19.5 and 23.5 percent. -ensure that atmospheric hazards are below IDLH conditions

---------------- proctect the user from particulates in the air

particulate removing filters

_____________ are divided into nine classes three levels of filtration and three categories of filter degradation

Particulate removing filters

particulate removing filters may be used to protect agains

toxic dusts mists metal fumes asbestos biological hazards

_________ uses a blower to pass contaminated air through a canister or filter to move the contaminants and supply the purified air to the full face piece.

PAPRS

highest level of skin, respiratory and eye protection from solid liquid and gaseous chemicals

Level A

This ensemble components are positive pressure, full face piece, scba vapor protective suits coveralls long underwear chemical resistant outer gloves chemical resistant inner gloves chemical resistant boots with steel toe and shank disposable protective suit, gloves and boots, hardhat two way radios

Level A

_________ protection requires a garment that includes an SCBA or a SAR and provides protection against splashes from a hazardous chemical.

Level B

what ensemble is worn when the highest level of respiratory protection is needed but a lesser level of skin protection is needed

level b

this consist or a positive pressure scba, hooded chemicals resistant suit, inner and outer gloves and chemical resistant boots

Level b

this consist of splash protecting garment and an air purifying device

Level C

________ level is used only when the specific material is known and has been measured and this protect level is approved by the ic

C

what falls under the U.s epa levels of protection

Levels A-D

what are the NFPA ppe ensemble classification

Class 1-3

these are designed to protect responders at chemical biological terrorism incident in these situations -whenever the identity or concentration of the vapor or quid agent is undetermined or in question -when vapor protection is needed -anytime liquid contact is expected an no direst skin contact can be permitted

class 1

these are designed to protect responders at chemicals biological terrorism incidents in these following situations -to provide necessary sufficient vapor protection -when direct contact w liquid droplets is likely -when victims are not ambulatory but are showing signs or symptoms of exposure

class 2

are designed to protect responders at chemical biological terrorism incident in these situations -provide necessary sufficient liquid protection for the intended operation is necessary -when direct contact with liquid droplets is likely -when victims are impaired but ambulatory

class 3

MOPP

Mission Oriented protective posture

Mopp is used

in the military to protect against chemical biological and radio logical hazards

these hazard can cause temperature extremes such as with elevated temp materials, exothermic reactons, fires explosions or cryogenic liquids

thermal hazards



gases that are convefted into liquids by beeling cooled below 150 f
cryogenic

this potential for radiation exposure exists when firefighters respond to incidents at medical centers, certain industrial operations nuclear power plants, and research facilities

radiological hazards

Types of ionizing radiation are
alpha

beta

gamma

neutron

these ionizing radiation lose energy rapidly and do not penetrate very far. harmful if ingested or inhaled they are usually completely blocked by the outer layer of the human skin

alpha

these ionizing radiation are fast moving positively or negatively charged electrons emitted from the nucleus during radioactive decays. t Can be stopped by a layer of clothes or aluminum
beta

High enegry protons. do not have charge or mass but very penetrating. can easily pass through human body, 2ft of concrete or 2 in of lead can stop these rays

gamma

ultra high energy and have physical mass and highly penetrating

neutron

exposure to a large dose of radiation received in a short period of time is an ____________

acute dose

small amounts of radiation received over a long time are

chronic dose
possible health effects from acute doss of radiation include
reduced blood count, hair loss, n/v, diarrhea and fatigue

what are the three recongized ways to provide protection from external radiation during an emergency

time




distances




shielding



____________ affect the oxygenation of the body and generally lead to suffocation

asphyxiants

_________ asphyxiants are gases that displace the oxygen necessary for breathing

simple

_______ asphyxiants are substances that prohibit the body from using oxygen and some of these chemicals may be used by terrorists for an attack.
chemical

the likelihood of an adverse health effect occurring in chemical hazards depend on three factors

toxicity of chemical



pathway or route of exposure



nature and extent of exposure


routes of entry are

inhalation



ingestion



contact



absorption


minimum amount of solid/liquid that will kill

Lethal dose (LD)

single dose of substance that will cause death 50% of those who encounter
median lethal dose (MD 50)

lowest administered dose of a material capable of killing a specified test species

lethal dose low (LD lo or LDL)

minimum concentration of an inhaled substance in the gaseous state that will be fatal to the test group.

lethal concentration (LC)

this toxin targets the kidney

nephrot

this toxin targets the blood

hemotoxin

this toxin targets the nervous system

neurotixins

this toxin targets the immune system

immunotoxins

this toxin targets the endocrine system

endcrine toxins

this toxin targets muscles bones

muscolskeletal toxins

this toxin targets the lungs

respiratory toxins

this toxin targets skin

cutaneous hazards

this toxin targets the dna

mutagens

this toxin targets the embryo/fetus

teratogens

this toxin targets all

carcinogens

IDLH

immediately dangerous to life or health

concentration of a given material in parts per million thay may be tolerate for an 8 hr exposure during a regular wook week without ill effects

TLV

fifteen minute time wighted avrerage exposure that should not be exceeded at any time nor repeated more than four times daily with a 60 minute rest period

STEL or TLV

maximum concentration of a given material in parts per million that should not be exceeded even instantaneously

Threshold limit value/ceiling (TLV/C)

flammable gas division 2.1

non flammable gas div 2.2

poisonous gas by inhalation

flammable solid division 4.1

Division 4.2 spontaneous combustible material

division 4.3 dangerous when wet



material could become spontaneously flammable or release flammable toxic gas when in contact with water


division 5.1



oxidizer



5.2 is half red and half yellow with the red on top and is for organic peroxide


division 6.1 poisonous material

6.2 infectious substance

class 9 miscellaneous

horrizontal tank



for flammable and combustible liquids corrosives poisons and etc


cone roof tank




for flammable combustivle and corrosive storage. these are mainly for liquids



open top floating roof tank




mainly for liquids




for flammable and combustible storage



covered top floating roof tank



for flammable and combustible storage


covered top floating roof tank




for flammable liquid storage



petroleum storage tanks

high pressure horizontal tank



stores lp gases anhydrous ammonia high vapor pressure flammable liquids


noded spheroid tank =lpg methane, and some flamable liquids (gasoline + crudeoil) larger and flatter in shape than spheroid tank

spheroid tank



lpg methane and some flammable liquids (gasoline +cride po;/


high pressure spherical storage tank (stores lp gases)

cryogenic liquid storage tank




stores liquid oxygen liquid nitrogen liquid carbon dioxide etc



nonpressure tank car= flammable liquids + solids, oxidizers, etc. olders models come with expansion dome fitting are visible

typical pressure tank car=flammable, nonflammable and poison gases as well as flammable liquids




fittings are inside protective housing



cryogenic liquid tank car= argon hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, lng and ethylene

high pressure tube cart

covered hopper




carries calcium carbide cement grain



open top hopper




carries coal rock sand



Gondola




carries sand rolled steel and other products and matrials that do not require protection from the weather



box car




carries all materials and finished goods



flat bed car with intermodal tanks




carries various products in containers such as chlorine cylinders intermodal containers large vehicles othe commodities that do not require protecton from the weather



pneumatic hopper




carries placstic pellets flour other fine powdered materials



non pressure




DOT 406/Mc 306




gasoline, fuel, oil, alcohol, other flammable combustible liquids




toxins that cause temporary but sometimes severe inlammation to eyes, skin, or respiratory system


irritants


toxic material that causes convulsions

convulsants


cancer causing agents

carcinogens


microorganisms such as virus's or bacteria

etillogical hazards

viruses that can only replicate themselves in the living cells of their host

viral agents

microscopic single celled organisms

bacterial agents

specialized bacteria that live and multiply in the gi tract

rickettsias

poisons produced by living organism

biological toxins

measure of the tendency of a substance to evaporate,


pressure at which a vapor is in equilibrium with its liquid phase for a given temp

Vapor pressure

temperature of a substance when the Vapor pressure exceeds atmospheric pressure at this temp the rate of condensation at this point more liquid is turning into gas then gas is turning back into a liquid

boiling point

weight of a given volume of pure Vapor or gas compared to the weight of an equal volume of dry air at the same temp and pressure

Vapor density

pressure produced by the vapors released by a liquid

Vapor pressure

Vapor density less than 1 indicates

a vapor lighter than air

Vapor density grater than one is

vapor heavier than 1

Acetylene methane and hydrogen are examples of materials with

a vapor density less than one

specific gavity less than 1 indicates a substance

lighter than water

specific gravity grater than 1 indicates

substance heavier than water

__________ of a chemical is its ability to reamin in the environment

persistence

___________of a substance is its relative ability to undergo a chemical reaction withanother material

reactivity

the reactivity triangle s basic components of many are

oxidizing agent



reducing agent



activation energy source (often heat)


GEBMO

general hazardous materials behavior model

GHMBM is used to help

ff understand the likely course of an incident



thereby enabling them to successfully mitigate it


The general pattern followed in a hazardous material incident are

stress



breach



dispersion/engulf



exposure/contact



harm


if a container is pushed beyonds its design strength, it fail or breaches is a example of

stress

the three types of container stress are

thermal



chemical



and mechanical


this is a failure of the container

breech

five types of breech

disintegration(loss of integrity)



Runaway (crack)



Attachments (fail)



Puncture (forklift)



Split/tear (seam fails)


four ways the contents release

Detonation(instantaneouse)



Violent rupture (immediate release caused by runaway)



rapid (caused by damage attachments)



Spill/Leak (slow release through pressure)


dome shaped pattern of airborne haz material that is still partially in contact with the ground or water

hemispheric

ball shaped pattern of the airborne hazardous material where the material has collctively risen above the ground or water

cloud

irregularly shaped pattern of an airborne hazardous material where wind and or topography influence the downrange course from the point of realease

plume

triangular shaped pattern of a hazardous material with a point source at the breach and a wide base downrange

cone

surface following pattern of liquid hazardous material that is affected by gravity and topography contours.

stream

three dimensional slow flowing liquid dispersion

pool

irregular deposits of a haz material such as that carried by contaminated responders

irregular

exposure/contact have three time frames

short term-seconds, minutes, and hours




medium term- days, weeks, and months




long term- years



non pressure tanks are also called

atmospheric tanks

non pressure tanks/ atmospheric tanks are storing any product they will nomally have

a small amount of pressure up to .5 psi

pressure tanks are broken into 2 catagories

low pressure storage tanks




pressure vessels



tanks that have pressures between .5-15 psi

low pressure tank

__________vessels have pressures above 15 psi

pressure

underground storage tanks may be

atmospheric or pressurized

Bulk containers can be divided into three catagories

tank and orther rail cars




cargo tanks




intermodal containers



non pressure tank cars usually have below

25 psi

pressure tank cars

pressures greater than 25 psi at 68 deg f

the dot 406/mc 306 is a

nonpressure liquid tank

dot 407/mc 307 is a

low pressure chemical/liquid tank

dot 412/ mc 312 is a

corrosive liquid tank

mc/tc 331 is a

high pressure tank

mc/tc 338 is a

cryogenic tank

dot/tc 407/dot/tc 412 are

vacume loaded tank

examples of atmospheric/nonperssure storage tanks

-horizontal tank



-cone roof tank



-open top floating roof tank



-floating deck



-covered top floating roof tank



-covered top floating roof tank with geodisic dome



-capordome roof tank



-underground storage tank


examples of low pressure storage tanks

dome roof tank



spheroid tank



noded spheroid tank


examples of pressure vessels

horizontal pressure vessel




spherical pressure vessel




cryogenic liquid storage tank



hydrogen cyanide HCN candy stripe car.



indicates the product may have minor health effects such as eye or skin irritaion

caution

indicates the product has moderate hazards such as significant health effects or flammability

warning

intdicates the highest degree of hazard (used on products that have potentially severe or deadly effects.

danger

required in addition to danger on the labels of highly toxic materials

poison

msds gives this information

hazardous ingredients


physical and chemical properties


physical and health hazards


routes of entry


precautions for safe handlng and use


emergency and first aid procedures


control measures


canada centers are called

canutec

mexico centers are

setiq


cenacom

small spill is less

53 gallons or less

large spill is

more than 53 gallons

distance within which all persons should be considered for evacuation in all directions from an actual hazard

initial isolation distance

circular zone with a radius equivalent to the initial isolation distance within which ersons may be exposed to dangerous concentrations up wind of the source and life threatening concentrations downwind of the source

initial isolation zone

represents a downwind distance from a spill/leak source within which protective actions should be implemented

protective action distances

-victims in a concentrated area


-syptoms immediate (seconds to hrs)


-symptoms very similar to (SLUDGEM)


-observable features such as chemical residue dead foliage dead animals and pungent odor

Chemical attack

victims dispersered over a wide area


syptoms delayed


syptoms most likely vague and flulike


no observable features

biological attack

explosion self evident


vicitms in a concentrated area


mechanical and thermal injures


potential radiation and chemical agent risk

explosive attack

explosion self evident


vicitms in a concentrated area


mechanical and thrermal injures initially,


radiological symptoms if any will likely be delayed


radiation detected through monitoring

radiological attack

some people teach the syptoms of exposure to chemical warfare agents with the acronym

sludgem


Sludgem

salivation (drooling)

sLudgem

lacrimaton (tearing)

slUdgem

Urination

sluDgem

defaction

sludGem

gastrointestinal upset/aggravation cramping

sludgEm

emesis(vomiting)

sludgeM

pinpointed pupils or muscular twitching


miosis

these attacks utilize viruses

biological attacks

these attacks may utilize chemical warfare agents like nerve agents blister agents blood agents choking agents and riot control agents as well as toxic industrial materials or toxic industrial chemicals

chemical attacks

these attacks utilize weapons that release materials most likely in the form of dust or powder

radiological attack

if comdemser tubes


filters


funnels


gas containers


glassware


heat source (budson burner)


grinders


ph papers


tubing


are found what can you suspect

meth lab

these labs have


glass ware


ttubing


bunsen burners


chemical bottles and other trappings traditionally associated with the term laboratory

explosives lab

Aloha

area location of hazardous atmospheres

these can assist in the predition of plume dispersion patters

aloha

chemicals pass into and through a material on a molecule level by this process

permeation

HAZPOWER regulations are located in

OSHA 29 CRF 1910.120

NFPA standard on liquid splash protective clothing for haz.mat emergencies

1992

NFPA STANDARD ON VAPOR PROTECTIVE ESEMBLES FOR HAZ MAT EMERGENCIES

1991

approximately how many organic and inorganic substances are registered for commercial use in the u.s.

40,000,000

canada centers

CANUTEC

mexico centers

SETIQ


CENACOM

BRAZIL CENTER

PRO QUIMICA

Argentina center

CIQUIME

top section of msds


chemical identity

chemical and common names


identify cross reference to the identy found on the label

section a on MSDS


manufactures information and chemical identity

manufacturers name and address


emergency telephone


date prepare


section II


hazardous ingredints

chemical and common names of hazardous components


permissible exposure limits (PEL) and other recommened exposure limits

section III


physical and chemical characteristic

-boiling point



-vapor pressure



-vapor density



-specific gravity



-melting point



-evaporation rate



-solublity in water



-physical appearance and odor


section IV


fire and explosion hazard data

-flashpoint



-flammability limits (lower and upper exposive limits)



-extinguishing media



-special fire fighting procedures



-unusual fire and explosion hazards


section V


reactivity (instability) data

-stability



-incompatibility



-hazardous decomposition or by products



-hazardous polymerization


section VI


health hazards data

-routes of entry



-health hazards (acute and chonic)



-carcinogenicity



-signs and symptoms of exposure



-emergency and first aid procedures

section VII


precaustions for safe handling

-steps to be taken in case of release or spill


waste disposal method



-precautions to be takin in handling or storage and other precautions


VIII-


control measures

-engineering control such as ventilation, safe handling procedures, and ppe



-work/hygienic practices

a liquid compound with a pH less than 7

acid

ph balance of 7 is

nuetral

ph balance of 8-14 is

base or alkalis

this foam is used in storage tanks, subsurface firefighting. is effective on hydrocarbon fuels. not effective on polar solvents. can be alcohol resistant

fluoroprotein foam

so this foams characteristics have


a very high degree of heat resistance and water retention.



maintains rather low viscosity at low temps



compatible with simultaneous application of dry chemical extinguishing agents

fluoroprotein foam

most commonly used foam concentrate today

AFFF

AFFF

aqueous film forming foam

this foams characteristis include


- can be used with either freshwater or saltwater


-premixable in prtable fire extinguishers and apparatus


-suitable for subsurface injection


fair penetrating capabilities in baled storage fuels or high surface tension fuels as wood


-compatible with dry chemcial


-fast draining



afff

ar-affff

alcohol resistant aqueous film forming foam

this foam is designed for use with polar solvent fuels

ar-afff

these create a membrane between the fuel and finished foam. this membrane separates the water in the foam blanket from the attack of the solvent

ar afff

radio active container types

Type a- cardboard boxes,wooden crates or drums



type b- metal drum or massive shielded transport container.



industrial packaging- used for transportation of materials with small amounts of radioactivity.

these foams has low water content they minimize water damage

high expansion foam

used in concealed spaces


fixed extinguishing systems for specific industrial uses such as aircraft hangers


class a fire applications ( slow draining)

high expansion foam

special purpose foam concentrates that are similar to class a foams.

high expansion foams

is the action taken to direct or influence the course of airborne hazardous materials

vapor dispersion

the process of dissolving a gas in water is called

dissoulution

act or process of being spread widely


involves breaking up or dispersing a hazardous material that has spilled on a solid or liquid surface.


dispersion

act of stopping the further release of a material from its container

containment

affects the liver

hepta toxin

the shut off valve on the 306/406 is located

left front corner and may also have them located on the rear of the tank, in the center of the tank near the valves.

shut off valve on the 307/407 is

on the left front corner behind the driver

shut off valve on the 331

two emergency valves located remotely from each other one on theleft front corner of the tank and the other typically on the right rear

312 shut off valve

dont normall have one

decon priority tag

1 red-immediate


2 yellow- delayed


3 green- minor


4 black-dead

direct transfer to person equipment and evironment in lg quantities

contamination

the process of removing haz mat to prevent the spread of contanminents beyond a specific area and reduce level of contamination to levels that are no longer harmful

decon

indirect contamination of people equipment or environment out side the hot zone. they are transfered to uncontaminated people places or equipment

cross or secondary contamination

process by wich people property animal or the enviroment are put at risk of harm from contact with haz material

exposure

evidence collected on the scene by law enforcement personnels must be appropriately package by

in approved bags or other evidence containers. only the exterior of the packaging will be decontaminated as it passes from the hot zone to the cold zone

when evidence passes through the decon corridor

chain of custodymust be documented in wrriting

this is the physical process of rapidly reducing or removing contaminants from multiple persons in poptentially life threatening situatons

mass decon

process of immediatel reducing contamination of individuals in potentially life threatening situations with or without the formal establishment of a decon corridor

emergency decon

a planned systematic process of reducing contamination to a level that is as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA) this decon operations are nomally conducted in support of emergency responder recon and entry operations at a hazardous materials incident as well as for handling cotaminated patients at medical facilities

technical decon

IM 101 psi is

25.4-100

IM 102 psi

14.5-25.4

IM0 type 5

100-500

dewar flask are for

cryogenic liquid

non bulk bulk packaging

bags


car boy


jerry cans


cylindars


drums

pipe line markers include

signal words


information describing the tranported commodity


the name and emergency telephone number


this word indicates the product may have minor health effects

caution

this word indicates the product has moderate hazards

warning

this word indicates the product has the highest degree of hazard

danger

this word is used in addition to danger on the labels

poison

mass explosion


explosion with fragment hazard

mass fire

moderate fire


no blast

wear full protective clothing (set one)


indicates the presence of highly toxic chemical agents that may cause death or serious damage to body functions

wear full protective clothing


indicates the presence of harassing agents (riot control agents and smokes)

wear breathing apparatus


apply no water


dangerous reaction will occur if water is used in an attempt to extinguish the fire. this symbol may be posted together with any of the other hazard symbols

vx nerve agents


persistent and nonpersistent v-nerve agents


incapacitating nerve agent


ex


lacrymatory agent vomiting agent

type mustand agent/blister agent

type nerve agents


persistent and nonpersistent nerve agents

lewisite blister agent


ex


nonpersistent choking agent


nonpersistent blood agent