Hamstring Region

Front 1

To display the sciatic nerve

Back 1

reflect the biceps

Front 2

sciatic becomes

Back 2

peroneal and tibial

Front 3

tendon of the semitendinosus

Back 3

attaches to the medial epicondyle of the tibia, along with the tendons of the gracilis and sartorious muscles. This makes the goose foot.

Front 4

aductor magnus hamstring portion

Back 4

Distally, this portion of the adductor magnus muscle inserts into the adductor tubercle of the medial condyle of the femur. Innervated by the sciatic nerve

Front 5

adductor portion of the adductor magnus is innervated by the

Back 5

obturator nerve

Front 6

deep to biceps femoris long head is

Back 6

the short head of biceps femoris

Front 7

all hamstring muscles attach to the ischial tuberosity

Back 7

so.... the short head of the biceps is not a hamstring muscle. attaches to the femur proximally.

Front 8

At the apex of the popliteal fossa the sciatic nerve divides into the tibial and peroneal nerve

Back 8

yes it does bitch face

Front 9

common peroneal and common tibial

Back 9

common peroneal is the most lateral nerve and the common tibial extends almost like it was the sciatic nerve

Front 10

the common tibial and common peroneal give off cutaneous sural nerves

Back 10

the medial sural nerve for the tibial and the lateral sural nerve for the peroneal nerve.

Front 11

in the vascular sheath of the popliteal

Back 11

the vein overlies the artery in contrast to the femoral artery which is anterior ro the vein in the adductor canal

Front 12

vascular sheath is medial and inferior o the

Back 12

biceps femoris, and inferior to the sciatic nerve.

Front 13

poplitel artery gives collateral branches called

Back 13

genicular branches which give blood supply to the knee joint

Front 14

the two superior genicular arteries are

Back 14

directly above the condyles of the femur. The medial superior goes deep to the semitendinosus and the semimembranous. The lateral superior deep to the biceps femoris.

Front 15

The middle genicular artery is different in that it

Back 15

enters the knee joint by piercing the the oblique popliteal ligament.

Front 16

the inferior genicular arteries arise from the popliteal deep to the gastrocnemius muslce and

Back 16

the medial inferior genicular artery passes around the medial condyle of the tibula, nd the lateral round the lateral condyle of the fibula.

Front 17

Biceps femoris inn.

Back 17

has two heads-the long head is a true hamstring and is innervated by the tibial portion of the sciatic nerve, but the short head is innervated by the common peroneoal

Front 18

Biceps femoris attt.

Back 18

the long head arises from the ischial tuberosity like most hamstring muscles. IMPORTANT that it arises with the semitendonosus. The short head actually arises from the lower half of the linea aspera and laeral supracondylar ridge. Inserts into the head of the fibula. Here is split by the FCL.

Front 19

Biceps action

Back 19

the long head extends hip and flexes the knee joint and rotates the leg laterally.

Front 20

Semitendonosus

Back 20

ischial tuberosity with biceps. It inserts via a long tendon which passes over the semimembranous muscle. Inserts on medial tibia posterior to the tendon of the gracilis. The nerve is tibial portion of the sciatic and the action is to flex the knee and medially rotate the flexed leg. Also extensor of hip joint.

Front 21

Semimembranosus

Back 21

Arises from a tendon from the ichial tuberosity. Inserts on the medial condyle of the tibula (thick flat tendon). This muscle has extension which forms the oblique popliteal ligament. Tibial nerve of sc. and same act as semitendonosus.

Front 22

The adductor magnus is a dually innervated muscle

Back 22

posterior hamstring surface arising from the ischial tuberosity is the tibail and the part from pubic ramus is the obterator.

Front 23

The pectineus

Back 23

is supplied by the obterator and the femoral nerve.

Front 24

anterio to posterior of the goose's foot is the

Back 24

sartorius, gracilis, semitendonosus. Commom action is flexion of the knee joint

Front 25

Each member of gooses's foot has

Back 25

its own unique action and innervation besides flecion at the knee joint

Front 26

sartorius

Back 26

flexion at the hip and femoral nerve

Front 27

gracilis

Back 27

adduction at the hio and obterator nerve

Front 28

semitendonosus

Back 28

extension at the hip and the tibial portion of the sciatic nerve

Front 29

The sciatic nerve lies between

Back 29

the biceps femoris and the adductor magnus

Front 30

Above the popliteal fossa (variablly) the sciatic nerve seperates into

Back 30

into the tibial and common peroneal

Front 31

tibial spinal segments

Back 31

L45s123

Front 32

Common Peroneal spinal segemnts

Back 32

L45s12

Front 33

These two divisions can be seperated up to the

Back 33

saccral plexus

Front 34

The peroneal division of the sciatic nerve

Back 34

sometimes pierces the piriformis in 12% of cases

Front 35

Branches of the sciatic nerve

Back 35

includes the nerve to he short head of the biceps from peroneal; medial aspect is tibial portion.

Front 36

Vessels to the posterior thigh include

Back 36

the profunda femoris branches from the femoral artery by passing posteriorly between the pectineus and and the aductor longus muscle close tot he femur. Ends as fourth perforating.

Front 37

Popliteal fossa

Back 37

is bounded above and laterally by the biceps femoris muscle. ABove and medially by the semitendonossus and the semimembranous muscles. Lower part by gastrocnemius.

Front 38

Floor of popliteal fossa

Back 38

politeal surface of the femur, knee capsule, and a strong fasica which covers the popliteal muscel.

Front 39

Contents of the fossa

Back 39

Tibial nerve, common peroneal nerve, and the popliteal artery and vein.

Front 40

gastrocnemius att.

Back 40

lateral head from lateral condyle of femur and medial head from posterior surfce of the femur superior to the medial condyle. Posterior surface of calcanaeus via calcaneus tendon.

Front 41

Gastrocnemius inn,. and act

Back 41

ALSO innervated by the Tibial nerve! Plantar flexes the ankle and flexes the knee

Front 42

soleus muslce

Back 42

Proximal att. is the head of the fibula and superior fourth of the posterior surface of fibula, and soleal line. Distal attachment is hte achilles tendon.

Front 43

Plantaris

Back 43

Proximally -Inferior end of lateral supracondylar line of femur to achilles tendon. Flexes knee joint and assists gastrocnemius

Front 44

Popliteus

Back 44

Lateral surface of lateral condyle of femur to the posterior surface of tibia above the soleal line.

Front 45

Popliteus note;

Back 45

during extension at the knee there is a terminal medial roatation at the femur that needs to be unlocked by the popliteus muscle.

Front 46

Nerves in the popliteal region

1. medial sural cutaneous

Back 46

arises from the tibial nerve in the popliteal foss and runs down between the two heads of the gastrocnemius into the back of the leg

Front 47

Tibial branches in the popliteal fossa

Back 47

to both heads of the gastrocnemius, the plantaris (posterio to gastrocnemius, the soleus, the popliteus

Front 48

The common popliteal is also in the popliteal fossa,

Back 48

This nerve runs along the medial border of the biceps femoris and leves the popliteal fossa. It crosses the plantaris and lateral head of the gastrocnemius and continues posterior to the fibular head. Coursing between the fibula and the peroneus longus muscle it divides into a deep and superficial branch.

Front 49

The peroneal nerve has several cutaneous branches

Back 49

There is a freaky communicating peroneal branch in the popliteal fossa that passes into the gastrocnemius to joint he medial sural nerve to form the sural nerve.

Front 50

Lateral surface of the leg is supplied by the

Back 50

lateral cutaneous sural nerve.

Front 51

The posterio leg is served by the

Back 51

The medial surface of the posterior leg is served by the saphenous nerve a branch of the femoral nerve.

Front 52

The laterl surface of the posterior leg consists of three seperate cutaneous nerves that originate in the popliteal fossa.

Back 52

Medil sural cutaneous a banch of the tibial, the lateral sural cutaneous a branch of the commo peroneal, and the communicating peroneal. These form the sural nerve (medial and communicating).

Front 53

The sural nerve

Back 53

travels with the short saphenous vein. The point of union of the medial sural cutaneous n. and the commu. can occur anywhere in the posterior leg, but usually around the midpoint.

Front 54

Popliteal artery

Back 54

is a continuation of the femoral artery and begins posterio to the femur a the adductor hiatus of magnus. It terminates at the inferior border of the politeus muscle by dividing into the anterior and posterior tibial arteries.

Front 55

The popliteal vein

Back 55

is formed by the junction venae commitantes of the posterior and anterior tibial arteries near the popliteus muscle. This vein recieves the small saphenous vein inthe popliteal fossa.

Front 56

Branches of the popliteal arteries at the knee (note; also receives the descending branch of the lateral circumflex, the anterior recurrent tibial-a branch of the anterior tibial artery.

Back 56

lateral superior genicular, medial superior genicular artery, lateral inferior geniucal, medial inferior genicular, and middle genicular.