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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Indoles chemical similar to?
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chemical core similar to serotonin
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Catechols chemical similar to?
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chemical core similar to NE, DA
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Third group of Deliriants:
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Deliriants
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Indole Hallucinogens
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• LSD
• Psilocybin (mushroom) • DMT (found in many plants) |
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Beneficial uses of LSD:
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• psychotherapy
• alcoholism • military applications? • spiritual experiences (not tested scientifically) • recently: cluster headaches |
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LSD Modes of administration
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Modes: ingested, transdermal, transmucosal
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Half-life of LSD
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3-5 hours
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Minimum effective dose:
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0.03-0.05 mg
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LSD is an agonist or antagonist?
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• agonist on some serotonin receptors
• antagonist on other serotonin receptors |
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Time course of LSD:
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0-20 min autonomic changes, dizziness, hot/ cold, dry mouth
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What happens after 20-60 min of taking LSD:
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20-60 min: changes in perceptions, mood, sense of time, hallucinations, synesthesia
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What happens 60 min of LSD?
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full hallucinatory effects
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What happens after 120 min of taking LSD:
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changes in self-perception, depersonalized, body distortions
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Duration of experience with LSD:
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6-9 hours with 0.10 mg or less, longer if more taken
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LSD Causes for Concern
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• “flashbacks”
• re-experience perceptual effects without recent drug usage • seemingly permanent perceptual changes • after-images, “tracers” • relatively rare • Panic responses |
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Are there physical withdrawals?
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no physical withdrawal
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Psilocybin is known as:
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• the drug in “magic” mushrooms
• found in many species around the world • contemporary usage associated with traditional usage in Mexico |
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Psilocybin effects similar to:
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effects similar to LSD
• less potent than LSD: • effective dose = 6 mg • estimated LD50 in humans = 6 g |
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Psilocybin is on what schedule?
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Schedule I
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Catechol Hallucinogens
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• Mescaline (peyote)
• San Pedro cactus • MDMA (and MDA) aka Ecstasy • DOM (STP) • 2-CB and 2-C-17 |
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Catechol core resembles what neurotransmitters:
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dopamine and norepinephrine
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What is the primary active component in peyote and San Pedro cactus?
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Mescaline
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Mescaline Half-life:
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6 hours
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Onset of Mescaline :
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30 min - 2 hours
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Duration of Mescaline:
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Duration: 12 hours or longer
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Mechanism of action of Mescaline:
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despite similarity to DA and NE,
primarily binds as a partial agonist to serotonin receptors (similarly to indoles) • cross-tolerance with indole hallucinogens |
