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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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which portion of the mediastinum is the heart located in?
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the middle portion
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which direction does the apex of the heart point in?
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anteriorly and to the left
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what is on the anterior (sternocostal) surface ot the heart?
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the right ventricle
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what is on the posterior surface or the base of the heart?
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the left atrium, and the part of the right atrium that receives the vena cava
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what is on the right (pulmonary) surface of the heart?
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right atrium
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what is on the left (pulmonary) sruface of the heart
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the left ventricle and left auricle
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what is on the inferior (diaphragmatic) surface of the heart?
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the right and left ventricles
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what composes the left edge of the heart?
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the left ventricle, left, auricle, aortic arch, and pulmonary trunk
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what composes the right border of the heart?
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the superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, and right atrium
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what composes the inferior border of the heart?
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the right ventricle and apex of left ventricle
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what's in the apex of the heart?
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ONLY the left ventricle
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what separates the atria?
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the interatrial septum
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what separates the ventricles?
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the interventricular septum
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where does the right atrium receive blood from?
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the superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, and coronary sinus
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what is the crista terminalis?
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in the right atrium, it's the ridge that separates the smooth part of the atrium from the rough part
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what are the pectinate muscles?
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in the atria, comb-like muscular ridges, come from the primitive atrium
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what is the fossa ovalis?
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a circular depression on the interatrial septum; it's a remnant of the foramen ovale
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what valve separates the right atrium and ventricle?
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the tricuspid valve
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what are the trabeculae carneae
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muscular bundles on the walls of the left and right ventricles
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what do the papillary muscles do?
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attach to both atrioventricular valves via the cordae tendineae; tey hold the valves closed while the ventricle contracts
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what is the septomarginal trabecula
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aka the moderator band; it's a muscular band in the right atrium that contains connective tissue; it also connects the interventricular septum, the anterior papillary muscle, and anterior wall of the right ventricle
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what is the conus arteriosus?
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a smooth outflow tract of the right ventricle that leads to the pulmonary valve
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how many cusps are in the pulmonary valve?
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3
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what veins empty into the left atrium?
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the four pulmonary veins
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what valve is between the left atrium and the left ventricle?
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the mitral valve
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how many cusps does the mitral valve have?
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two
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what valve lies between the left ventricle and the aorta?
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the aortic or semilunar valve
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which heart valve does not have three cusps?
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the mitral valve
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which cells initiate the depolarization of the heart?
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the SA node cells
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where is the SA node?
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between the right atrium and superior vena cava
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what does the AV node do?
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receives the signal from the atria
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where is the AV node located?
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in the interatrial septum near the coronary sinus opening and tricuspid valve
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what does the AV bundle do?
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transmits the signal from the AV node to the ventricles
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where is pectinate muscle located in the left atrium
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in the auricle
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what are the bundle branches?
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branches from the AV bundle that appear at the junction of the membranous and muscular parts of the septum; onduct impulse along the septal muscle - right branch leaves via moderator band
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that are the purkinje fibers?
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terminal branches of the bundle branches; form plexuses in the ventricular wall
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what artery supplies the SA and AV nodes?
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the right coronary artery
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what supplies the AV bundle and its branches?
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the left coronary artery (anterior interventricular)
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what provides the sympathetic innervation to the heart?
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the cardiac nerves
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what provides parasympathetic innervation to the heart?
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the cardiac branches of the vagus nerves
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where do sympathetic nerves to the heart originate?
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t1-t5
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where is pain from the heart often referred to?
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the skin of the chest and left arm
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what chamber is papillary muscle found in?
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the left and right ventricles
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what chamber is the fossa ovalis found in?
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the right atrium
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what chamber is the conus arteriosus found in?
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the right ventricle
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what chamber are the pectinate muscles found in?
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the right atrium, and left and right auricles
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where is the crista terminalis found?
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the right atrium
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where are the trabeculae carneae found?
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the left and right ventricles
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