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58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what forms the anterior border of the mediastinum?
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the sternum
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what forms the posterior border of the mediastinum?
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the thoracic vertebral column
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what forms the superior border of the mediastinum?
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the superior thoracic apeture
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what forms the inferior border of the mediastinum?
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the diaphragm
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what forms the lateral border of the mediastinum?
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the pleural cavities and lungs
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what divides the mediastinum into inferior and superior portions?
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the sternal angle anteriorly, and the disc between the 4th and 5th vertebrae posteriorly
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what are the subdivisions of the inferior portion of the mediastinum?
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anterior, middle, and posterior
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what's on the right surface/border of the heart?
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the right atrium
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what's on the anterior surface of the heart?
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the right ventricle and right auricle
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what forms the posterior surface of the heart?
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the left atrium
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what forms the left surface/border of the heart?
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the left ventricle and left auricle
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what separates the atria from the ventricle (structure)
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the coronary sulcus
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what surface structure separates the right and left ventricles?
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the interventricular sulcus
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what does the thymus do?
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it's involved with the development of the immune system in kids, and is mostly fat in adults
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what are the layers of the pericardium?
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the fibrous pericardium, the visceral serous layer, and the parietal serous layer
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which layer of the pericardium is applied to the surface of the heart?
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the visceral serous layer
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does the fibrous pericardium strech?
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no
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what is the fibrous pericardium fused to?
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the diaphragm and tunica adventitia of the great vessels
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where is the pericardial cavity?
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between the visceral and parietal serous layers.
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what is the visceral serous layer also known as?
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the epicardium, because it also forms the outer layer of the heart wall
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where is the parietal serous layer?
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lining the internal surface of the fibrous pericardium
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what are the great vessels?
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the aorta, pulmonary trunck, superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, and pulmonary veins
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what veins form the superior vena cava?
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the convergence of the left and right brachiocephalic veins
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what enters the right atrium?
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the superior and inferior vena cava
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where does the trache bifurcate?
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t4-t5
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what does the ductus arteriosus connect?
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the pulmonary trunk and aortic arch
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what does the ductus arteriosus turn into
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the ligamentum arteriosum
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where do the phrenic nerves originate?
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c3-c5
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what does the phrenic nerves provide?
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somatic motor innervation to the diaphragm, and sensation from the diaphragm, pericardium and mediastinal and diaphragmatic pleura
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where does the vagus nerve originate?
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the brainstem
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where do the vagus and phrenic nerves enter the mediastinum
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the superior thoracic apeture
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where does the right vagus nerve travel?
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along the lateral aspect of the trachea
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where does the left vagus nerve travel?
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on the anterolateral surface of the aortic arch
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do the vagus nerves run anterior or posterior to the root of the lung?
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posterior
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what do the vagus nerves provide?
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parasympathetic fibers to the heart, bronchial tree and esophagus via the visceral plexuses in the thorax
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what is the path of the left recurrent laryngeal nerve?
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comes off of the vagus, travels posterior to the ligamentum arteriosum, and ascends into the neck along the trachea
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where does the right recurrent laryngeal nerve go?
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around the right subclavian artery in the neck
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where does the thoracic duct receive lymph from?
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the lower half of the body and the upper left quadrant
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where does the thoracic duct appear in the mediastinum
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on the anterior aspect of the thoracic vertebrae and the right side of the thoracic aorta
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where does lymphatic drainage from the lungs go?
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the tracheobronchial lymph nodes
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what are the three branches of the right coronary artery?
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the sinuatrial nodal branch, the marginal branch, and the posterior interventricular branch
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what does the sunuatrial nodal branch supply?
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the SA node
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what does the marginal branch supply?
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the right ventricle
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what does the posterior interventricular branch supply?
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the right and left ventricles
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what vessel supplies the AV node
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the right coronary artery via a small branch
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what are the branches of the left coronary artery?
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the anterior interventricular branch and the circumflex branch
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what is the anterior interventricular branch also known as
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the left anterior descending branch or LAD
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what does the LAD supply?
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the left ventricle
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what does the circumflex branch supply?
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the left sid eof the heart
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what are the three major veins of the cardiac sinus?
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the great cardiac vein, the middle cardiac vein, and the small cardiac vein
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what does the great cardiac vein travel with?
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the circumflex artery
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where does the middle cardiac vein travel?
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in the posterior interventricular sulcus with the posterior interventricular artery
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where does the small cardiac vein travel?
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along the inferior margin of the heart with the marginal branch of the right coronary artery
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where does the coronary sinus empty?
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into the right atrium
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at what level does the inferior vena cava pierce the diaphram?
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t8
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where does the trachea exit the diaphragm?
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t10
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where are the phrenic and vagus nerves in relation to the lung root?
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phrenic is anterior, vagus is posterior
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what makes a heart left dominant?
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if the posterior interventricular artery comes from the circumflex branch
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