Ha Exam 4

Front 1

cranial nerve I

Back 1

olfactory (sensory)
smell

Front 2

cranial nerve II

Back 2

optic (sensory)
vision

Front 3

cranial nerve III

Back 3

oculomotor (mixed)
motor-most EOM movement, raise eyelids
parasympathetic-pupil constriction, lens shape

Front 4

cranial nerve IV

Back 4

trochlear (motor)
down and inward movement of eye

Front 5

cranial nerve V

Back 5

trigeminal (mixed)
motor-muscle of mastication
sensory-sensation of face and scalp, cornea, mucous membranes of mouth and nose

Front 6

cranial nerve VI

Back 6

abducens (motor)
lateral movement of eye

Front 7

cranial nerve VII

Back 7

facial (mixed)
motor-facial muscles, close eye, labial speech
sensory-taste (sweet, salty, sour, bitter) on anterior 2/3 of tongue
parasympathetic-saliva and tear secretion

Front 8

cranial nerve VIII

Back 8

acoustic (sensory)
hearing and equillibrium

Front 9

cranial nerve IX

Back 9

glossopharyngeal (mixed)
motor-pharynx (phonation and swallowing)
sensory-taste on posterior 1/3 of tongue, pharynx (gag reflex)
parasympathetic-parotid gland, carotid reflex

Front 10

cranial nerve X

Back 10

vagus (mixed)
motor-pharynx and larynx (talking and swallowing)
sensory-general sensation from carotid body, carotid sinus, pharynx, viscera
parasympathetic-carotid reflex

Front 11

cranial nerve XI

Back 11

spinal (motor)
movement of trapezius and sternomastoid muscles

Front 12

cranial nerve XII

Back 12

hypoglossal (motor)
movement of tongue

Front 13

nervous system can be divided into 2 parts

Back 13

central and peripheral

Front 14

part of nervous system that includes the brain and spinal cord

Back 14

central nervous system

Front 15

part of nervous system that includes to 12 pairs of cranial nerves, 31 pairs of spinal nerves and all their branches

Back 15

peripheral nervous system

Front 16

# pairs of cranial nerves

Back 16

12

Front 17

# pairs of spinal nerves

Back 17

31

Front 18

CNS that carries sensory messages to the CNS from sensory receptors, motor messages from CNS out to muscles and glands, as well as autonomic messages that govern the internal organs and blood vessels

Back 18

peripheral nervous system

Front 19

cerebrum's outer layer of nerve cell bodies, which looks like "gray matter" because it lacks myelin

Back 19

cerebral cortex

Front 20

center for humans' highest functions, governing thought, memory, reasoning, sensation and voluntary movement

Back 20

cerebral cortex

Front 21

left and right half of cerebrum

Back 21

hemisphere

Front 22

hemisphere dominant in most (95%) people, including thoses who are left-handed

Back 22

left hemisphere

Front 23

4 lobes of hemisphere

Back 23

frontal
parietal
temporal
occupital

Front 24

lobe controls personality, behavior, emotion and intellectual functions

Back 24

frontal lobe

Front 25

controls motor and speech

Back 25

broca's area

Front 26

controls hearing, taste and smell

Back 26

temporal lobe

Front 27

lobe controls sensation

Back 27

parietal lobe

Front 28

controls motor coordination, equilibrium and balance

Back 28

cerebellum

Front 29

controls speech comprehension

Back 29

wernicke's area

Front 30

primary motor area of brain

Back 30

precentral gyrus

Front 31

bands of gray matter buried deep within the 2 cerebral hemispheres that form the subcortical associated motor system (the extrapyramidal system); conttol automated associated movements of the body, e.g., the arm swin alternating w/ the legs during walking

Back 31

basal ganglia

Front 32

main relay station for nervous system

Back 32

thalamus

Front 33

sites of contact between 2 neurons

Back 33

synapses

Front 34

major control enter w/ many vital functions: tem, hr, bp control, sleep center, anterior and posterior pituitary gland regulator and coordinator of autonomic nervous system activity and emotional status

Back 34

hypothalamus

Front 35

like a "black box" in that it adjusts and corrects voluntary movements, but operates entirely below conscious level

Back 35

cerebellum

Front 36

central core of brain consisting of mostly nerve fibers

Back 36

brain stem

Front 37

parts of brain stem

Back 37

midbrain
pons
medulla

Front 38

most anterior part of brain stem that still has basic tubular structure of spinal cord; merges into thalamus and hypothalamus; contains many motor neurons and tracts

Back 38

midbrain

Front 39

enlarged area containing ascending and descending fiber tracts

Back 39

pons

Front 40

continuation of spinal cord in brain that contains all ascending and descending fiber tracts connecting brain and spinal cord; has vital autonomic center (respiration, heart, GI function), as well asnuclei for cranial nerves VIII through XIII

Back 40

medulla

Front 41

long cylindrical structure about as big around as the little finger that occupies the upper 2/3 of vertebral canal; main highway for ascending and descending fiber tracts that connect brain to spinal nerves, and it mediates reflexes; its nerve cell bodies or gray matter are arranged in a butterfly shap w/ anterior and posterior "horns"

Back 41

spinal cord

Front 42

term used to described how the left cerebral cortex receives sensory info from and controls motor function to right side of body and vice versa

Back 42

crossed representation

Front 43

tract that contains sensory fibers that transmit sensations of pain, temperature and crude (or light) touch

Back 43

spinothalamic tract

Front 44

fibers carrying pain and temp sensations ascend which side of spinothalamic tract

Back 44

lateral

Front 45

fibers of crude touch form which side of spinothalamic tract

Back 45

anterior

Front 46

fibers that conduct the sensations of position, vibration and finely localized touch

Back 46

(proprioception) posterior (dorsal) columns

Front 47

w/o looking, you know where your body parts are in space and in relation to each other

Back 47

position

Front 48

feeling vibrating objects

Back 48

vibration

Front 49

w/o looking, you can identify familiar objects by touch

Back 49

(stereognosis) finely localized touch

Front 50

pain originating in these organs is referred, because no felt image exists in which to have pain; pain is felt "by proxy" by another body part that does have a felt image

Back 50

heart
liver
spleen

Front 51

neurons that are a complex of all descending motor fibers that can influence or modify the lower motor neurons

Back 51

upper motor neurons

Front 52

neurons located mostly in the PNS

Back 52

lower motor neurons

Front 53

bundle of fibers outside CNS

Back 53

nerve

Front 54

4 types of reflexes

Back 54

deep tendon reflexes
superficial
visceral
pathologic

Front 55

help body maintain balance and appropriate muscle tone

Back 55

reflexes

Front 56

myotatic reflex includes patellar or knee jerk

Back 56

deep tendon reflexes

Front 57

corneal reflex and abdominal reflex

Back 57

superficial

Front 58

organic reflex including pupillary response to light and accommodation

Back 58

visceral

Front 59

abnormal include Babinski's or extensor plantar reflex

Back 59

pathologic