Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
whole skeletal muscle |
- composed of muscle tissue, nerves and blood vessels - surrounded by epimysium - "ring" of white around steak |
|
|
muscle fasciculus |
- composed of muscle fibers, connective tissue - surrounded by perimysium |
|
|
muscle fiber |
- composed of myofibrils and other organelles - surrounded by endomysium |
|
|
myofibirl |
- contractile organelle - complex arrangement of proteins |
|
|
actin |
scaffolding and anchoring proteins |
|
|
myosin |
motile protein myosin heads interact with actin and cause it to pull |
|
|
titin |
- keeps myosin & actin scaffolds stable - helps maintain resting length |
|
|
nebulin |
scaffolding within actin chain |
|
|
tropomyosin |
- blocks myosin binding sites - prevents muscular contraction when body is at rest |
|
|
troponin |
- controls position of tropomyosin - Calcium binding protein |
|
|
aerobic contractions |
- stage of contraction where ATP use does not exceed production by aerobic means - a physiological stage of muscle eneretics |
|
|
anaerobic contraction: |
- stage of contraction where ATP use exceeds production by aerobic means & ATP must be obtained via anaerobic metabolism |
|
|
fatigue |
- stage of contraction where ATP is completely expended |
|
|
glycolytic fast-twitch fibers |
- type IIb, white - very fast speed and few mitochondria - low myoglobin - high vascularization - relies on anaerobic glycolysis |
|
|
oxydative-glycolitic fast twitch fibers |
- type IIa, pink - very fast speed with dense mitochondria - relies on aerobic ATP production - high vascularization |
|
|
oxydative slow twitch fibers |
- type I, red - slow speed with dense mitochondria - relies on aerobic ATP production - responsible for sustained activity |
|
|
general sprain |
- an injury to a ligament - ex. ankle sprain |
|
|
knee sprain with tearing |
- medial meniscus is torn - the ligament that holds the femur and tibia together - one of the worst injuries to have |
|
|
tennis elbow |
- a type of strain (muscle to muscle or tendon) - injury to tendon of extensor carpi ulnaris or other members of extensor compartment |
|
|
golfer's elbow |
- a type of strain - injury to tendon of flexor carpi radialis or other members of flexor compartment |
|
|
jumper's knee |
- a type of strain - injury to tendon of quadriceps - aka knee tendinitis |
|
|
runner's leg/thigh |
- a type of strain - injury to tendon of tensor fascia latae - aka tensor fascitis or iliotibial band syndrome (ITC) |
|
|
bursitis |
- a type of strain - swelling or inflammation of bursa - a bursa is a type of synovial joint that has no bone |
|
|
dislocation |
- a disassociation between two bones of a joint (usually with sprain and strain) - ex. general dislocation and rotator cuff dislocation |
|
|
flatfoot |
- ligaments of plantar surface fail, reducing the arch - makes it difficult to run |
|
|
bony spur |
- tendons or ligaments become ossified - results in sharp spur that irritates soft tissue - may appear as an extra process |
|
|
carpal tunnel syndrome |
- muscles and tendons enlarge & compress nerve under retinaculum |
|
|
arthritis |
- permanent damage to joints - ex. osteoarthritis (bones rub together) or rheumatoid arthritis (bone erosion occurs in response to swelling) |
