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56 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What was Rutherford B. Hayes position on the "Indian Problem"?
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Calls Indians "savages", but he believed that the problem was due to the government stealing land and breaking their promises to the Indians.
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What was Theodore Roosevelt's position on the "Indian Problem"?
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US Government caused the problem by making promises that couldn't be kept. Policies helped white settlers on Great Plains more than the Indians.
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What was George Custer's position on the Indian problem?
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Indians are savages. Everyone who met them knew it to be true.
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What was William Tecumseh Sherman's position on the Indian Problem?
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All Indians should be killed.
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What was Sitting Bull's position on the Indian Problem?
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He believed that the US Government would continue to take land until the Indians had nothing left for their children. US policies sounded good, but they never followed through.
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What is Chief Joseph's position on the Indian problem?
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He no longer wanted to fight. He was tired and sad.
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What is discrimination?
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to disallow privileges, to treat differently based on predjudice (racial differences)
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What is segregation?
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separation of the races. Racial segregation is based upon race and was directed primarily against African Americans , but other groups were also segregated.
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What were Jim Crow Laws?
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Passed to discriminate against African Americans. Made discrimination practices legal in many communities and states. Characterized by unequal opportunities in housing, work, education, and government.
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How did the Grandfather Clause keep blacks from voting?
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Blacks couldn't vote due to literacy and land ownership rules. Grandfather clause allowed descendants of those voting before the Civil War to vote -- which allowed poor whites to vote, but not blacks.
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Why did Whites try to keep Blacks from voting at the polls?
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To keep political control
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How did literacy tests help exclude Blacks from voting?
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Most blacks were poorly educated and couldn't pass the literacy test.
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How did poll taxes help exclude Blacks from voting?
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Many blacks could not afford to pay the tax in order to vote.
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What was legal segregation?
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Whites passed laws to segregated Blacks in public places like restaurants and railroad cars.
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What was Booker T. Washington's response to discrimination?
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- live by the production of your hands.
- Accepted social separation. - do not permit grievances to overshadow opportunities. - social reform will be the result of constant struggle. - tilling a field is as good as writing a poem. |
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What was W.E.B. Dubois's response to discrimination?
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- claims that Washington is asking black people to give up.
- insists on voting - insists on higher education- - believes social segregation is unacceptable. - feels Blacks should have full civil, social and political rights |
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Who were 2 prominent African Americans promoting their rights?
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Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. DuBois
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What were the reasons for increase in immigration?
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Hope for better opportunities, religious freedom and escape from oppressive governments
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Which immigrants came to the US for better opportunities?
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Irish in 1840s during Potato Famine
Immigrants from southern and eastern Europe in the 1880s. |
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Which immigrants came to the US to avoid religious persecution in eastern Europe?
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Jews
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Where did the steel industry develop?
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Pittsburgh
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Where did the meatpacking industry develop?
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Chicago
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Why did farm works move from rural to urban areas?
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Machines started doing more of the farm work.
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Name 4 reasons for increase in US immigration.
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Adventure, better opportunity, religious freedom and escape from political oppression
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Who invented the light bulb?
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Thomas Edison
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Why was the invention of the light bulb important?
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Factories went to electric power.
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Who invented the telephone?
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Alexander Graham Bell
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Why was the invention of the telephone important?
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Allowed communication across the country
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How did the expansion of industries impact immigration?
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Expansion of industries created new jobs and more opportunities for immigrants
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How did immigration affect housing?
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Immigrant neighborhoods in cities became overcrowded resulting in tenement housing.
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What was a Settlement House?
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A place that offered services to the immigrant community such as laundry and schooling.
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What is a tenement?
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"overcrowded slum". Building that housed immigrants and factory workers.
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What were ghettos?
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People of the same ethnic group living in overcrowded neighborhoods.
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Name the Settlement House founded by Jane Addams.
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Hull House
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How were national markets created?
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Railroads and canals were used to take goods across the U.S.
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How did Political Machines gain power?
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By helping new immigrants with jobs and housing.
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What created the rise in big business?
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National Markets, Advertising, Lower cost production, access to raw materials, availability of work force, inventions
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Who was Carnegie?
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Steel industry
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Who was Henry Ford?
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Automobile industry. Assembly line and machine made parts.
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Who was JP Morgan?
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Nation's most powerful banker.
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Who was Rockerfeller?
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Standard Oil
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Who was Vanderbilt?
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Railroads
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What was the effect of more production of consumer goods?
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People had easier access in cities and catalogs were invented to serve rural customers.
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What is the Bessemer process?
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Allowed coal and iron to be converted cheaply to steel.
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Name 3 workplace reforms that were a result of the Progressive Movement:
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safer conditions, shorter work days, child labor restrictions
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Which amendment gave women the right to vote?
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19th
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Name a leader in the women's suffrage movement.
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Susan B. Anthony
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Between the Civil War and World War I, the US transformed from a __________nation to an ________ nation.
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Agricultural/Industrial
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What innovations helped businesses reduce production costs?
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Bessemer process, assembly lines and interchangable parts
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Aside from the light bulb and phone, name some other important inventions.
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Telegraph, hydroelectric plants & sewing machines
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What were the negative effects of industrialization?
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Child labor, long hours & low wages and unsafe working conditions
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How did workers respond to the poor working conditions?
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Formed Unions (American Federation of Labor), going on strike
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What movement addressed the need for reform caused by industrialization, big business and urbanization?
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The Progressive Movement
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What reforms did the Progressive Movement promote?
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Reduction of work hours (especially for women and children), child labor restrictions, and workplace safety laws
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What was the Temperance Movement?
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Wanted to limit or ban the use of alcohol. Thought drinking was a serious threat to family life.
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What was the 18th Amendment?
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prohibited the manufacture, sale and transport of alcoholic beverages.
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