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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the 6 functions of integument?
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Mnem:
1feel a gun (provide info of environment) 2need protection a condom (protect against abraison and and fluid loss) 3 Stressing (sweat wastes and water) 4.) Feel hot, so cool down (temp regulation) 5.) Fart ink (noxious agents) 6.) The virus has the gun (form ez and immune complexes a/g viral invasions) |
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What is the function of epidermis?
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water barrier (keep in and out)
mechanical stress bacterial invasion |
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What is dermis? Fibers?
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it is dense irregular Ct
-mech strength and elasticity -collagen Type 1 with few cells |
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What is deep to dermis? Is it skin?
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Hypodermis,
no it is not skin cuz its too fat |
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What types of attachments between layers?
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Dermis/Hypodermis
-can be loose (most areas) -tight (as in palm in sole) due to interlocking Junction between dermis and epidermis forms dermal ridges (papillae) and epidermal ridges Fingerprints correspond to the dermal ridges |
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What type of skin is hypodermis?
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Loose connective tissue- insulating layer and connects skin to underlying structures
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Stratum basale?
Top 3 |
1.) single, cuboidal layer of cells
2.) desmosomes 3.) rapidly dividing-stratum germinativum Bonus-keratinocytes with tonofilaments in CYTOPLASM |
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Stratum spinosum? 7 points?
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several layers (1)
shrink away (2) prickle cells (3) tonofilaments(4) and cells similar to those of stratum basale tonofilaments increase and clump into tonofibrils(5) Membrane-coated granules or lamellar bodies with GLYCOLIPIDs (6) MCG waterproof and are INSIDE THE CELLS in spinosum layer |
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Stratum Granulosum 8 points?
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3-5 layers
cells flatter and longer dense granules with keratohyalin keratohyalin associated with tonofilaments Keratohyalin + tonofibrils = keratin worn out keratinocytes and apotosis dead layer of keratinocytes filled with KERATIN membrane coating granules empty glycolipid into intercellular space (barrier b/w s.g. and suface skin to water and foreign substances) |
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Stratum lucidum 4 points
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only in thick skin
densely compacted tonofilaments of keratin parallel to skin keratinocytes lose nuclei |
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Stratum corneum 9 points
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1.) surface layer
2.) scale like cells 3.) flatter as move up 4.) dead keratinocytes have no cell junctions, nuclei or organelles 5.) packed with keratin 6.) keratin consists of bundles of tonofilaments in an amorphous substance 7.)desquamation 40 -55 days 8.) thick stratum corneum in thick skin 9.) thin stratum corneum in thin skin |
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Melanocytes? dual what?
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melanin- one brownish black pigment and one red/yellow pigment
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Where Melanocytes and their projections found?
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Cells in stratum basale and projections in the stratum spinosum
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What is the unit of melanocytes
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epidermal melanin unit: melanocyte and 4 to 10 keratinocytes which pinch off pigment into granules, which pass to the kertinocytes
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Diff skin color
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distribution within stratum basale
white is mostly at base of spinosum black has uniform keratinocytes with pigment in spinosum |
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Where do Langerhans' cells hang most of the time?
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Mostly in stratum spinusum
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What do Langerhans' cells do?
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they trap antigens and take them to lymph nodes
contact dermatitis |
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What do Merkel's cells do?
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are mostly in stratum basale and are mechanoreceptors close to intraepithelial nerve endings
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Diff bw papillary layer and reticular layer?
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Papillary below epidermis
Reticular beneath Pap and blends with Hypodermis Papillary mostly cells and few fibers Reticular mostly fibers (collagen bundles) Papillary has dermatoglyphs (dermal ridges that contain Meissner's corpuscles) Reticular layer has bundles of collagen-Langer's lines |
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Which is deepes of the nerve endings?
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Pacinian corpuscle-deep pressure receptor in the deep dermis and hypodermis
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Which most superficial nerve ending?
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Krause end bulb-mechanoreceptor found in the superficial dermis
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What do sebaceous glands secrete and what does it do?
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Sebum, lube skin, protect from dry and antibacterial
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Where sebaceous glands found? 3 steps?
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Found near hair follicles, but can be in lip, unrelated to hairs
1.) get fat 2.) nuckles disappear 3.) entire cell released (holocrine) |
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What do glands of sebum consist of?
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3-5 secretory units or alveoli
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What stim sebaceous glands?
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androgens
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What are two types sweat glands?
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eccrine-simple coiled tubular glands
apocrine- larger lumen, specialized glands; secrete more viscous product |
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What are two types of products of eccrine glands?
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water product with solutes or mucoid glycoprotein
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What push out secretory product of eccrine?
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myoepithelial cells
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Where apocrine glands located?
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see and hear, stink, brown eye THO
eyelid, external auditory canal, armpit, circumanal region, nipple |
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What replaces lanugo?
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Vellus
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What are the parts of hair?
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Shaft
-inner medulla -surrounded by pigmented cortex -outside is cuticle (overlapping squamous cells) Root- hair bulb with conical projection of the dermis called a papilla |
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What part do inner and outer part of hair cuticle arise?
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Inner from epidermis
outer from dermis (outer ct) |
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What is diff between eponychium and hyponychium?
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eponychium cuticle of skin covering nail root
hyponychium thick epidermal layer holding distal end of nail |
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3 layers nail
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proximal is nail root, which is buried in epidermis fold, which covers matrix
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