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107 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What is the anatomic relationship of the right arm to the left leg? |
Contralateral |
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Which phrase describes a patient’s eyes when they are in an atomic position |
Looking straight forward |
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What anatomic position is the surface of the palm of the hand? |
Anterior |
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What other plane is the sagittal plane is parallel to? |
Median plane |
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What is another term for coronal section? |
Frontal plane |
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What is another term for a transverse section? |
Think of table horizontal section |
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Which is considered to be a structure that is found on the same side as another structure? |
Ipsilateral |
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Which opening within the orbit, connects the orbit with a cranial cavity? |
Superior orbital fissure |
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What is the purpose of the ear cells in the mastoid process on the temporal bone? |
Regulates air pressure |
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Which feature does not serve as an opening in bones? |
Eminence |
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Why is the pterygoid process of the sphenoid bone an important feature of the skull to dental professionals? |
Serves is an attachment for muscles of mastication MOMS |
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What anatomical point on the skull is a site of the interior fontanelle? |
Bregma |
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What facial muscle raises the eyebrows, when we are surprised? |
Epicranial muscle |
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Which muscle of facial expression frowns? |
Corrugator supercilii muscle |
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Which facial muscles is responsible for smiling? |
Zygomaticus major Levator Anguli Oris |
Two muscles |
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Which facial muscle is responsible for grimace? |
Risorius muscle |
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Which muscles of mastication are responsible for elevating the mandible – closing mouth |
“My Teeth Meet” Masseter, Temporalis, Lateral Pterygoid and Medial Pterygoid |
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Which muscles of mastication are responsible for opening the mouth? |
Let’s Part Lateral Pterygoid |
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Lateral Pterygoid is responsible for opening the mouth, what other movements does the muscle do? |
Moves the jaw bilaterally Protrude mandible |
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What are the suprahyoid muscles? What are they responsible for? |
Don’t Get So Mad Supraman Digastric, Geniohyoid, Stylohyoid, Mylohyoid Elevates + retracts the Hyoid bone. |
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What are the infra hyoid muscles which muscle does not attach to the hyoid bone? |
Thyrohyoid,Omohyoid, Sternohyoid, Sternothyroid Sternothyroid attaches to Thyroid Cartilage |
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Which hyoid muscle makes up the floor of the mouth? |
Mylohyoid muscle |
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Identify the 3 divisions of the trigeminal nerves, and correspond them with the opening through which they pass |
Ophthalmic nerve – superior orbital fissure Maxillary nerve – Foramen Rotundum Mandibular nerve – Foremen Ovale |
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Which bone contains a paranasal sinus of most concern to dentistry? |
Maxilla |
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What muscle retracts the mandible |
Temporalis |
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What vessels supply blood to the muscles of mastication? |
Maxillary artery - branch of the external carotid artery |
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Which hyoid muscle group depressed and stabilize the hyoid bone? |
Infrahyoid muscles |
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TRUE/FALSE
The temporalis muscle works with the master muscle. |
t |
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How much of the total of saliva the Parotid gland produce? |
25% |
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What are the 12 cranial nerves? |
“Oh once one takes the anatomy final very good vacations are heavenly” I. Olfactory II. Optic III. Oculomotor IV. Trochlear V. Trigeminal VI. Abducens VII. Facial VIII. VestibulococHlEAR IX. Glossopharyngeal X. Vagus XI. Accessory XII. Hypoglossal |
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Which cranial nerves are Efferent (motor) or Afferent (sensory) ? |
“Some Say Marry Money, But My Brother Says Big Brain Matter Most” |
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What does the Genioglossus muscle do? |
Sticker your tongue out |
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What are some features of the Filiform Papilla? |
Most numerous, no taste buds smallest, gives the tongue, a carpet appearance |
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What nerves supply the anterior 2/3 of the tongue? |
General sensation – lingual nerve branch of mandibular division of trigeminal nerve Taste sensation - Chorda Tympani branch of facial nerve VII “seven delicious Italian pastries” |
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What nerve supplied the posterior 1/3 of the tongue? |
BOTH general and taste Glossopharyngeal |
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All muscles of the tongue except ________ are innervated by hypoglossal nerve |
Palatoglossus is innervated by Vagus nerve CN X |
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What are the intrinsic muscles of the tongue responsible for? |
Change the shape of the tongue |
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What are the extrinsic muscles of the tongue? |
Styloglossus, hyoglossus, Genioglossus, Palatoglossus |
4 muscles |
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What main vein drains the brain? |
Internal jugular vein |
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Which condition can result from untreated cellulitis? |
Ludwig angina |
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Which condition can DIRECTLY cause a spread of odontogenic infections by way of vascular system? |
Bacteremia & Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis |
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What would be the best way to determine the evaluation of lymph node involvement? |
Regional involvement |
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What term best describes the infectious process created by indigenous regional microorganisms because the body’s defenses are compromised? |
Opportunistic infection |
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Why does abducens nerve paralysis possibly become become fatal in a dental patient? |
May lead to meningitis |
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Which condition may be involved in the odontogenic infection that has an inflammation of the bone marrow? |
Osteomyelitis |
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What is an infection with suppuration resulting from the entrapment of pathogens in a contained space? |
Abscess |
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Which condition can DIRECTLY cause a periapical abscess? |
Dental biofilm |
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What is located inside the Venus cavernous sinus? |
Deoxygenated blood |
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Where does the Carotid artery divide into the internal and the external branches? |
About the level of the larynx C-3 to C-6 |
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what is the main artery that supplies the oral cavity with blood? |
External carotid |
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What intracranial is structure anastomosis (communicates) with the pterygoid venous plexus? |
Cavernous venous sinus |
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What maxillary branch from the external carotid artery supplies the tongue with oxygenated blood? |
Lingual artery |
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Venus blood draining from the head and neck will eventually enters this major vessel |
Superior vena cana |
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What is the lymphatic drainage for teeth number 2 through 15 and all the mandibular teeth but not 23 through 26? |
Submandibular |
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Which structures allow length to flow DIRECTLY into the surrounding lymph nodes? |
Afferent vessel |
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Lymph Vessel unique feature |
One -way valve that prevent back-flow |
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Which muscle of mastication is most likely to be affected by direct trauma to the TMJ? |
Lateral Pterygoid |
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What movement of the TMJ occurs primarily between the disc and the condyle in the lower synovial cavity? |
Hinge rotational movement |
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What movement of the TMJ occurs, primarily between the disc and the articular eminence in the upper synovial cavity? |
Gliding (sliding) |
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What is the definition of the term crepitus? |
The clicking are popping sound and sensations experience within the joint |
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Which ligament associated with the temporomandibular joint prevents excessive retraction or moving forward of the mandible? |
Temporomandibular joint |
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What term describes the two spaces above and below the joint disc of the TMJ? |
Upper and lower synovial cavities |
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What is the direct branch from the aorta on the right side of the body, which then branches into the common carotid and the subclavian artery? |
Branchiocephalic artery |
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What are the two other names for the trigeminal ganglion? |
Semilunar, Gasserian |
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What arteries exit the foramen, which is apical to the root of the mandibular premolars? |
Mental artery |
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Where is the cavernous sinus? |
Located on each side of the sphenoid bone, near the base of the brain |
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What major artery goes to all the teeth, gingiva and PDL? |
Maxillary artery |
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What’s the difference between Thrombus and Embollus? |
Thrombus - infected blood clot Embollus - traveling infected blood clot |
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What is cavernous sinus thrombosis? |
An infected intravascular clot that can dislodge and travel ending up in the CRANIAL cavity |
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What bone does the branches of the trigeminal nerve pass through? |
Sphenoid bone |
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What nerves are anesthetized with a maxillary central injection? |
Anterior superior alveolar (ASA) Nasopalatine nerve for gingiva and hard palate |
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What are the two main branches of the infraorbital nerve? |
ASA & MSA |
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What nerve sense pain impulses to the buccal gingiva of the maxillary molars? |
PSA nerve |
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Within the mandibular canal near the mental foramen, what nerve branch merges with the Inferior alveolar nerve and Mental nerve? |
Incisive nerve |
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What are the three branches of the ophthalmic nerve V1? |
Nasociliary Facial - supratrochlear & supraorbital Lacrial |
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What are the three branches of the ophthalmic nerve V1? |
Nasociliary Facial - supratrochlear & supraorbital Lacrimal |
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What are the important branches of the maxillary nerve V2? |
- Infraorbital nerve- ASA & MSA - PSA - Nasopalatine -Greater palatine |
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What are the main branches of the mandibular nerve V3? |
- Lingual nerve - Inferior Alveolar nerve with branches of Mental+Incisive nerve - Buccal nerve |
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What are the common signs and symptoms of Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis? |
Fever, rapid heartbeat, drowsiness |
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What is cellulitis? What are the symptoms? |
Diffuse inflammation of soft tissues Symptoms: include pain, tenderness, redness, and diffuse edema |
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What blood vessels supply the sublingual salivary gland? |
Lingual artery & vein |
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What is a pustule? What is a stoma? What is a Fustula? |
Pustule - pimple Stoma - opening of the pimple Fustula - the canal, hallway to the opening |
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Where is the gingival abscess located? |
It’s located interproximally/ between teeth |
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Where is a periodontal abscess located? |
It forms in the periodontal pocket |
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Where is the periapical abscess located? |
It forms at the root tip |
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Where is the pericoronal abscess located? |
It forms around impacted or partially erupted tooth |
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How much saliva does the sublingual gland produce? |
10% |
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What innervates the parotid gland? What about blood supply? |
Automatic efferent - glossopharnygeal CN IX Afferent - auriculotemporal (branch of mandibular division of trigeminal) Superficial temporal and Maxillary artery & vein |
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What innervates the parotid gland? What about blood supply? |
Automatic efferent - glossopharnygeal CN IX Afferent - auriculotemporal (branch of mandibular division of trigeminal) Maxillary artery & vein |
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What innervates the submandibular gland? What about blood supply? |
Automatic efferent - chorda tympani Afferent - lingual nerve Facial artery & vein |
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Which structure of the TMJ secretes synovial fluid? |
Inner capsule lining membranes |
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What are the five branches of the facial nerve? |
Temporal,zygomatic, buccal, mandibular and cervical |
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Which part of the brain is involved in regulating BOTH the heartbeat and breathing? |
Medulla |
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Which part of the brain does the cell bodies of the Trigeminal & Facial nerve stem from? |
Ponds |
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What is the function of the Chorda Tympani nerve on the tongue? |
Taste sensation for anterior 2/3s of tongue |
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What is an incident that may happen during a PSA injection? |
The pterygoid venous plexus can be pierced during PSA block and lead to a hematoma. |
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What cranial nerve is the predominant nerve that is responsible for movement of the tongue |
Hypoglossal nerve XII |
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TMJ subluxation |
Condyle moves too anteriorly, onto the articular eminence Pt is able to close mouth |
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What is the concern regarding ankyloglossia? |
It has the potential to impact speech (speech impediment) |
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What is the function of the Chorda Tympani nerve? |
Taste sensation for anterior 2/3s of tongue |
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Describe some features of Disc dislocation with reduction |
When mouth is open, condyle moves posteriorly and gets jammed. As mouth opens further, disc is re-captured on condyle and clicking (crepitus) can be heard Disc will dislocate again when closing mouth
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Disc without reduction |
Disc is never re-captured and no crepitus is heard Limited mouth opening |
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TMJ subluxatiln |
Condyle moves too anteriorly, onto the articular eminence Pt is able to close mouth |
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Describe some features of TMD: Trismus |
Masticatory muscle spasms Pt cannot open mouth due to muscle spasms. |
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What nerve runs through the parotid gland but doesn’t innervate it? If damage to Parotid gland, would that impact this nerve ? |
Facial nerve Yes |
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All tonsils drain into _____ |
Superior deep cervical nodes |
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What is the main composition of the lymph nodes? |
T cells, B cells, daughter cells Afferent and Efferent vessels, lymph fluid |
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