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67 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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the definite article |
der bestimmte Artikel
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Do you know the man from nextdoor?
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Kennst du den Mann von nebenan?
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They are coming for dinner on Wednesday
s. 61 |
Sie kommen am Mittwoch zum Abendessen.
NB: use DEF ART w/ days, months, seasons, and meals |
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Spring begins in March.
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Der Frühling beginnt im März.
NB: use DEF ART w/ days, months, seasons, and meals |
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He is traveling by train, not by car.
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Er fährt mit dem Zug, nicht mit dem Auto.
NB: use DEF ART w/ modes of transportation |
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St. Stephan's Cathedral in Vienna stands in Stephan's Square at the end of Kärntner Street.
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Der Stephansdom in Wien steht am Stephansplatz am Ende der Kärntnerstrasse.
NB: use DEF ART w/ streets, intersections, squares NB: and w/ schools, churches, etc. |
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Friends of our live on Lake Erie.
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Freunde von uns wohnen am Eriesee.
NB: use DEF ART w/ lakes, canyons, mountains, rivers. |
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Zurich is the largest city in Switzerland.
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Zürich ist die größte Stadt in der Schweiz.
NB: use DEF ART w/ countries whose names carry gender or are plural |
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old Germany
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das alte Deutschland
NB: use DEF ART w/ geo and proper names modified by preceding adjectives |
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young Mrs. Sherling
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die junge Frau Scherling
NB: use DEF ART w/ geo and proper names modified by preceding adjectives |
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Lenin was an important fighter for communism.
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Lenin war ein bedeutender Kämpfer für den Kommunismus.
NB: use DEF ART w/ concepts, abstractions, and beliefs. |
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Christianity began in the first century.
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Das Christentum hat im ersten Jahrhundert begonnen.
NB: use DEF ART w/ concepts, abstractions, and beliefs. |
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After work I have to go into town.
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Nach der Arbeit muss ich in die Stadt.
NB: use DEF ART w/ words such as Arbeit, Kirche, Schule, and Stadt. |
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Before school they go to church.
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Vor der Schule gehen sie zur Kirche.
NB: use DEF ART w/ words such as Arbeit, Kirche, Schule, and Stadt. |
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Already as a child he had begun lying. (comp past)
s. 62 |
Schon als Kind hat er mit dem Lügen angefangen.
NB: use DEF ART w/ verbs used as nouns |
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The complaining in this company must stop at once!
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Das Meckern in dieser Firma muss sofort aufhören!
NB: use DEF ART w/ verbs used as nouns |
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Have you seen [our mutual friend] Klaus today? (comp past)
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Hast du den Klaus heute gesehen?
NB: use DEF ART w/ mutual acquaintances in colloq. speech |
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I picked up the book at [our mutual acquaintance] Mrs. Messner's house. (comp past)
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Das Buch habe ich bei der Frau Messner geholt.
NB: use DEF ART w/ mutual acquaintances in colloq. speech |
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I have to wash my hands.
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Ich muss (mir) die Hände waschen.
NB: use DEF ART w/ parts of the body as DO or OBJ of PREP |
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She shook her head vehemently.
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Sie schüttelte den Kopf heftig.
NB: use DEF ART w/ parts of the body as DO or OBJ of PREP |
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My knees hurt when I run.
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Beim Laufen tun (mir) die Knie weh.
NB: use DEF ART w/ parts of the body as the subject of the verb wehtun |
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She took off her coat immediately.
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Sie zog sofort den Mantel aus.
NB: use DEF ART w/ items of clothing as DO or OBJ of PREP |
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"Oh, your eyes are so blue," she said and laid her hand on his.
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"Ach, deine Augen sind so blau", sagte sie und legte ihre Hand auf seine.
NB: use POSS PRON for parts of body or clothing in NOM, or where clarification is needed |
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Do you see the house and garden over there?
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Siehst du das Haus und den Garten da drüben?
NB: repeat DEF ART in a list of sing. items |
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The boys and girls playing there are friends of my daughter.
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Die Jungen und Mädchen, die dort spielen, sind mit meiner Tochter befreundet.
NB: do not repeat DEF ART in list of plural items |
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I like to play the piano.
s. 63 |
Ich spiele gern Klavier.
NB: no DEF ART re: activities in general (vs. specific occurrences) |
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My sister prefers to play the violin.
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Meine Schwester spielt lieber Geige.
NB: no DEF ART re: activities in general (vs. specific occurrences) |
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In the evening, my parents often read the newspaper.
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Abends lesen meine Eltern oft Zeitung.
NB: no DEF ART re: activities in general (vs. specific occurrences) |
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Is that your music on the piano?
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Sind das deine Noten auf dem Klavier?
NB: DEF ART |
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The violen that she plays cost an amazing amount of money. (comp past)
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Die Geige, die sie spielt, hat erstaunlich viel Geld gekostet.
NB: DEF ART |
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The Höflechners have invited us to dinner.
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Höflechners haben uns zum Abendessen eingeladen.
NB: no DEF ART w/ personal names |
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the indefinite article
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der unbestimmte Artikel
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We're looking for a flower.
s. 64 |
Wir suchen eine Blume.
NB: INDEF ART |
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Are there flowers in your garden?
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Gibt es Blumen in deinem Garten?
NB: no INDEF ART w/ plural |
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Max Planck was a German and a physicist.
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Max Planck war Deutscher und Physiker.
NB: no INDEF ART w/ occupation, nationality, or general class of person as predicate nominative |
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Eva works as a tax advisor.
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Eva arbeitet als Steuerberaterin.
NB: no INDEF ART w/ occupation, nationality, or general class of person after als |
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All stores are now closed.
s. 65 |
Alle Geschäfte sind jetzt geschlossen.
NB: all- by itself occurs mainly before plural nouns |
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We have given up all hope. (comp past)
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Wir haben alle Hoffnung aufgegeben.
NB: all- by itself with sing noun rather uncommon |
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He did all the work himself. (comp past)
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Er hat die ganze Arbeit selbst gemacht.
NB: the idea of all or all the in German with DEF ART plus ganz- |
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What did the firm do with all the money?
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Was hat die Firma mit all dem Geld gemacht?
NB: all- + der- or ein- word takes no ending in singular and optl ending in plural |
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She visited all her relatives in Luxemburg.
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Sie hat all(e) ihre Verwandten in Luxemburg besucht.
NB: all- + der- or ein- word takes no ending in singular and optl ending in plural |
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Every child can understand that.
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Jedes Kind kann das verstehen.
NB: Jed- only occurs in sing. |
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Do you want this drink or that one?
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Willst du dieses Getränk oder jenes?
NB: Jen- used mainly in contrast to dies-, rarely as a noun modifier |
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Some people never learn from their mistakes.
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Manche Leute lernen nie von ihren Fehlern.
NB: manch- most common in the plural |
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I have met many a person who simply does not like to travel. (comp past)
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Ich habe manch eine Person (/ manche Person) getroffen, die einfach nicht gern reist.
NB: manch + ein-; rare use of manch- in sing |
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We need people like Philip. Do you know such a person / a person like him?
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Solche Leute wie Philip brauchen wir. Kennst du so einen Menschen / solch einen Menschen?
NB: solch- common in plur. In sing, so ein- or solch ein- are preferred. |
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Every child would like to have such a bicycle / a bicycle like that.
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Jedes Kind möchte so ein Fahrrad / solch ein Fahrrad haben.
NB: In sing, so ein- or solch ein- are preferred to solch-. |
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What glorious weather!
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Welch ein / was für ein herrliches Wetter!
NB: welch- mainly an interrogative ART, but welch ein- and was für ein- occur often in exclamations. |
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We have found our car.
x. 67 |
Wir haben unseren Wagen gefunden.
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Monika writes to her father.
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Monika schreibt ihrem Vater.
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Heinz visits his mother.
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Heinz besucht seine Mutter.
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The maple tree loses its leaves in the fall.
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Der Ahorn verliert seine Blätter im Herbst.
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The fir does not lose its needles.
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Die Tanne verliert ihre Nadeln nicht.
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I'll take this lamp. Which one do you want? I'd like that one there.
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Ich nehme diese Lampe. Welche willst du? Ich möchte die da.
NB: use of der-word as pronoun when the referent is clear from context |
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Some [people] like it hot.
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Manche mögen es heiss.
NB: use of der-word as pronoun when the referent is clear from context |
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This CD I already have, and that one I will buy soon.
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Diese CD habe ich schon and jene werde ich mir bald kaufen.
NB: use of der-word as pronoun when the referent is clear from context |
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Communism and socialism have disappeared from Eastern Europe. We have already talked about the former, and we will begin with the latter tomorrow.
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Der Kommunismus und der Sozialismus sind in Osteuropa verschwunden. Über jenen haben wir schon gesprochen und mit diesem werden wir morgen anfangen.
NB: dies- and jen- to express the latter, the former |
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We spoke about this and that.
s. 68 |
Wir haben über dieses und jenes gesprochen.
NB: dies- and jen- in the phrase "dieses und jenes" |
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This is my car, that is his.
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Dies ist mein Auto, das ist seins.
NB: dies and das as subject forms with sein to point out objects |
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These/Those are our books.
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Dies/Das sind unsere Bücher.
NB: dies and das as subject forms with sein to point out objects |
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Here is my book. Where is yours?
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Hier ist mein Buch. Wo ist dein(e)s?
NB: ein-word as pronoun, retains the ending |
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I need a pencil. Here is one.
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Ich brauche einen Bleistift. Hier liegt einer.
NB: ein-word as pronoun, retains the ending |
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She wants to buy stamps, but she can't find any.
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Sie will Briefmarken kaufen, aber sie findet keine.
NB: ein-word as pronoun, retains the ending |
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We have a two-person tent. What kind [of tent] are you [all] sleeping in?
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Wir haben ein Zwei-Mann-Zelt. In was für einem schlaft ihr?
NB: ein-word as pronoun, retains the ending NB: the prep "in" determines the case of einem |
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I'm thinking of those [the ones] who can't be here.
Kal. 285 |
Ich denke an jene, die nicht hier sein können.
NB: Jen- used mainly in contrast to dies-, rarely as a noun modifier |
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That chair is new.
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Der Stuhl da ist neu.
NB: "that one" usu. = der + da |
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I wouldn't wear such a hat.
You wouldn't wear such hats either. |
So einen Hut würde ich nicht tragen.
Solche Hüte würdest du auch nicht tragen. NB: in the singular, replace solcher with so ein. The same should be done with mancher. |
