H. Bio, Ch. 16, Katie Dube

Front 1

Population Genetics

Back 1

The study of the distributions and changes of allele frequency in a population

Hint 1

1.) subject to natural selection, genetic drift, mutation, and gene flow

2.) This is known to biologists as population genetics

Front 2

Gene Pool

Back 2

the stock of different genes in an interbreeding population

Hint 2

1.) Many genes that are stocked

2.) This is known as the gene pool

Front 3

Population

Back 3

a certain group or type of people or animals living in an area or country

Hint 3

1.) The count of a certain country or people

2.) This is the population.

Front 4

Evolution

Back 4

process which different kinds of living organisms are thought to have developed and diversified

Hint 4

1.) early forms of history of the earth to modern day earth.

2.) This is the theory of evolution.

Front 5

Polymorphic

Back 5

the state of existing in or assuming different forms

Hint 5

1.) existence of a species taking on different forms

2.) This species is known as polymorphic

Front 6

Genetic Variation

Back 6

Diversity in gene frequencies

Hint 6

1.) Differences between between individuals or to differences between populations

2.) These differences are known as genetic variation.

Front 7

Mutation

Back 7

The changing structure of a gene

Hint 7

1.) Caused by the alteration of a single base units in DNA

2.) Mutation is the changing structure of a gene.

Front 8

Genetic Recombination

Back 8

The combinations of alleles observed at different loci in two parental individuals

Hint 8

1.) The two parental individuals become shuffled in offspring individuals.

2.) This is known as genetic recombination.

Front 9

Hardy-Weinburg model/equation

Back 9

states that allele and genotype frequencies in a population will remain constant from generation to generation

Hint 9

1.) Happened in the absence of other revolutionary influences.

2.) This is the Hardy-Weinburg model.

Front 10

p

Back 10

frequency of the purple flowers

Hint 10

1.) The Hardy-Weinburg model

2.) p represents the frequency of purple flowers.

Front 11

q

Back 11

frequency of the white flowers

Hint 11

1.) The Hardy-Weinburg model

2.) q represents the frequency of white flowers.

Front 12

p2

Back 12

plants that are homozygous for the allele that causes purple flowers in the next generation

Hint 12

1.) The Hardy-Weinburg model

2.) p2 represents those purple plants.

Front 13

2pq

Back 13

the frequency of heterozygous plants

Hint 13

1.) The Hardy-Weinburg model

2.) 2pq represents the frequency of heterozygous

Front 14

q2

Back 14

plants that are homozygous for the allele that causes white flowers in the next generation

Hint 14

1.) The Hardy-Weinburg model

2.) q2 represents those white plants.

Front 15

Microevolution

Back 15

evolutionary change within species or small group of organisms

Hint 15

1.) Happens over a short period of time

2.) This is microevolution.

Front 16

Natural Selection

Back 16

The process where organisms that adapt to their environment have a better chance to survive and reproduce

Hint 16

1.) Started by Charles Darwin.

2.) This process is called natural selection.

Front 17

Gene Flow

Back 17

The transfer of alleles or genes from one population to another.

Hint 17

1.) Also known as gene migration.

2.) This migration is called gene flow.

Front 18

Genetic drift

Back 18

variation in the relative frequency of different genotypes in a small population

Hint 18

1.) Leads to the chance disappearance of particular genes as individuals die or do not reproduce

2.) This is called genetic drift.

Front 19

Founder effect

Back 19

The reduced genetic diversity that results when a population is descended from a small number of colonizing ancestors

Hint 19

1.) Reduced genetic diversity

2.) This is the founder effect.

Front 20

Inbreeding

Back 20

breed from closely related peoples or animals

Hint 20

1.) especially over many generations

2.) This is known as inbreeding.

Front 21

Population bottleneck

Back 21

an event that drastically reduces the size of a population

Hint 21

1.) bottleneck may be caused by various effects

2.) These events are called population bottleneck

Front 22

Inbreeding depression

Back 22

the reduced biological fitness in a given population as a result of inbreeding

Hint 22

1.) inbreeding is the breeding of related individuals

2.) This is inbreeding depression.

Front 23

Quantitative traits

Back 23

refer to phenotypes that vary in degree and can be attributed to polygenic effects

Hint 23

1.) Product of two or more genes and their environments.

2.) These are quantitative traits.

Front 24

Quantitative trait loci (QTIs)

Back 24

stretches of DNA linked to or containing the genes that underlie quantitative traits

Hint 24

1.) Quantitative traits

2.) This is the quantitative trait loci

Front 25

Artificial selection

Back 25

The breeding of plants and animals to produce desirable traits

Hint 25

1.) artificially mated

2.) This is the process of artificial selection.