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4 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Amin 2006 see slide below too |
- Moderncities: basics of urban infrastructure once again come to the fore in citiesrecovering from war and destitution, while in many cities of the global south,access to the staples of life, clean water, energy etc. remain targets of urbanprogress
- the displacement of strong and lastingsenses of community by multiple, ever-changing social and cultural attachments.Thirdly,the impossibility of utopia in an age of short-lived pleasures, instantgratification and constantly changing desires - nolonger interested in societal projects, selfish elites? - notto say cities have entirely ceased to be political spaces. They remain sites ofpolitical agency - Citiesas sites of surveillance and state power - Urbanismhighlights the challenges of negotiating class, gender and ethnic or racialdifferences placed in close proximity, spatiality of the city plays adistinctive role in the negotiation of multiplicity and difference - Fours Register ofUrban SolidarityRepair,relatedness, rights and re-enchantment - Aminhas emphasised the role of an active and distributed democracy based arounddifferent registers of solidarity, imperfection and constant renegotiations |
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Fours Register ofUrban SolidarityRepair,relatedness, rights and re-enchantment |
Repair - No discussion of the good city in terms ofthe politics of repair can ignore the need to ensure the basics of shelter,sanitation, water and communication. Additional commitments, such as freetransport only add to the urban unconscious habit of solidarity, and the citybecomes be the ‘city for all’ Relatedness - Thegood city has to be imagined as the socially just city, with strong obligationstowards those marginalised from the means of survival and human fulfilment (Wacquant, 1999) There is a politics of hate ingrained as anurban affect (Thrift,2005).Mostvisible, vulnerable subjects of global displacement such as immigrants,asylum-seekers, and the homeless face a heightened level of suspicion Rights - All citizens have the right to shape urbanlife and to benefit from it (Lefebvre, 1996) The right to participate assumes having themeans and entitlement to do so.Manyurban dwellers are yet to acquire the right. – Planning practices in the GlobalSouth driven by the needs of the economically and politically most powerful - In the Global North we see the growingintolerance, vilification and intolerance of immigrants, asylum-seekers andyouths. -Contemporarycity remains one of restricted rights - Aminargues that the open city is better equipped to deal with disputes in thepublic arena, capable of some degree of reconciliation Re-enchantment -Publicexpressions of ethnic and racial solidarity are important in combating hate andprovide a powerful signal for what the public culture of a city should be |
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Marcuse (2009) |
- Fainstein’sconception of the Just City is an attempt to define a harmonious and just urbanform - Egalitarian understanding of justice: thegreatest good of the greatest number - Hobbesian view of justice: the state shouldimpose justice upon reckless private interests to prevent social life frombeing nasty. - Localideals of justice, sensitive to cultural and geographical differences - idealsof social justice and of rights but to contextualize them - difficultto remove society from some dominant social processes (e.g. capitalaccumulation through market exchange) without shifting allegiance from onedominant conception of rights and social justice to another - Rawls’theory of justice as fairness (Rawls, 2009) 1. Territorial logic of state powers: Howevermuch we might want rights to be universal, they require the protection of thestate apparatus to enforce those rights. urbanrights and justice are mediated by the spatial organisation of political powers 2. Capitalistlogic of power rests upon a different conception of rights, based in private property andindividual ownership. Stateis supposed to act as a guarantor of these rights - “bourgeoisvirtues” (McCloskey,2010) - Under this neoliberal regime imperialism ofsome sort is unavoidable (Harvey, 2003). - Era of ‘neoliberal freedoms’ has brought usimmense concentrations of corporate power in energy, media, pharmaceuticalsetc - increasein talk of freedom and of rights during the short history of neoliberalism hasdisplaced ideals of democracy ac central issues in political struggle - Withdisproportionate influence over the media and the political process, neoliberalelites seek to persuade us as to how better off we all are under a neoliberalregime of political-economic power - Thebundle of rights and freedoms now available to us and the social processes inwhich they are embedded, need to be challenged at all levels. – They producecities characterised by inequality and injustice - Fainstein’sconception of the just city falters as it limits its scope to acting within theexisting capitalist regime of rights and freedoms and is thus constrained - Theright to the city rests upon the capacity to force open spaces of the city toprotest and contention |
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Rios 2010 |
· Latinos comprise 14% of the U.S. populationand are projected to reach 24.4% by the year 2050 (Suro, 2005).-This growth is likely to affect the racial,cultural and even spatial character of regions and cities. – This will lead toconflicts and contests over space and values - Threetypes of spaces – adaptive, assertive, and negotiative - different ways in which Latinos make groupclaims in the city - adaptive - thoseenvironments that are appropriated for everyday use, including vacantproperties, streets and parking lots - Assertive spaces: emergewhen space is politicized to challenge dominant symbols and codes - Negotiative spaces: movebeyond symbolic representation - Politicisationof public space in the post 9/11 era. – Battleground for issues related toterrorism, anti-immigration among other conflicts - Manifestationsof these antagonisms have appeared in planning policy. – E.g. regulatory zoningand land use laws that limit access to social goods (curfew laws,criminalization of undocumented renters etc. that impact notions ofcitizenship) - PuertoRican notion of ‘casita’, which serves as a social hub in many New Yorkneighbourhoods - Socialprocesses that drive the use and making of these spaces are many, and emergeout of particular histories of immigrant and diaspora groups - possibilities for “insurgent citizenship”and practices that aim to support new citizenship claims (Friedmann, 2002; Holston, 2008) - Citizenshipis constituted in the political organisation of a group, and is being playedout in local, regional and national territories - Growingnumber of Latinos in the U.S., bringing new cultural practices |
