Gurriessfc7

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carbohydrates

Back 1

energy-rich organic compound made of the elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

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compound

Back 2

when two or more elements combine chemically

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Golgi body

Back 3

receive proteins and other newly formed materials from the endoplasmic reticulum, package them, and distribute them to other parts of the cell

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lysosome

Back 4

small round structures that contain chemicals that break down large food particles into smaller ones

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ribosomes

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small grain like bodies; produce proteins

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nucleic acids

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very large organic molecules made of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and phosphorus

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DNA

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genetic material that carries information about an organism that is passed from parent to offspring

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selectively permeable

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a property of cell membranes that allows some substances to pass through while others cannot

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diffusion

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process by which molecules tend to move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration

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osmosis

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the diffusion of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane

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passive transport

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the movement of materials through a cell membrane without using energy

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active transport

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is the movement of materials through a cell membrane using energy

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RNA

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plays an important role in the production of proteins

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element

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any substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances

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atom

Back 15

smallest unit of an element

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atom

Back 16

smallest unit of an element

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molecule

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smallest units of most compounds

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organic compounds

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most compounds that contain carbon

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inorganic compound

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compounds that don't contain the element carbon

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protein

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large organic molecules made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and in some cases, sulfur

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amino acids

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protein molecules made up of smaller molecules

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enzyme

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type of protein that speeds up a chemical reaction in a living thing

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amino acids

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protein molecules made up of smaller molecules

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lipids

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fat, oil, and waxes

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chloroplasts

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capture energy from sunlight and use it to produce food for the cell

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vacuole

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storage area of the cell

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nucleus

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control center that directs all of the cell's activities

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chromatin

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contain the genetic material, the instructions that directs the functions of a cell

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cytoplasm

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the region between the cell membrane and the nucleus; clear, thick, gel like fluid

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mitochondria

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produce most of the energy the cell needs to carry out its functions

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endoplasmic reticulum

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carry proteins and other materials from one part of the cell to another

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cell

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basic units of structure and function in living things

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microscope

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instrument that makes small objects look larger

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compound microscope

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light microscope that has more than one lens

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cell theory

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widely accepted explanation of the relationship between cells and living things

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magnification

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ability to make things look larger than they really are

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magnification

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ability to make things look larger than they really are

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convex lens

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a lens with a curved shape

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resolution

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the ability to clearly distinguish the individual parts of an object

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organelle

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tiny cell structures that carry out specific functions within the cell

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cell wall

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rigid layer of nonliving material that surrounds the cells of plants and some other organisms

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cell membrane

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controls what substances come into and out of a cell