Guided Review Ch.15 & 16

Front 1

adulthood has recently been thought of as having four stages: young adulthood (19-34), ?? (35-64), ?? (65-79), and old elderly (80+).

Back 1

middle adulthood; young elderly

Front 2

basal metabolism rate is the ? amount of energy an individual uses when in a resting state.

Back 2

minimum

Front 3

our basal metabolism rate decreases with age, meaning that, if we eat the same amount all our lives, we will ? weight.

Back 3

gain

Front 4

according to recent researach people over the afe of 50 should be concerned about the effects of alcohol, as its use can result in enlargement of the ?, causing it to work harder.

Back 4

heart

Front 5

all five senses decline during middle adulthood, but ? loss has the greatest social stigma attached to it.

Back 5

hearing

Front 6

climacteric is the term used for the abrupt change that occurs in the body owing to changes in ? balances

Back 6

hormonal

Front 7

the term menopause refers to the ? change of life, which includes the cessation of menstruation.

Back 7

female

Front 8

a number of women experience positive consequences from menopause, including a time of coalescence, integration, and ?.

Back 8

liberation

Front 9

?? therapy can be used to offer relief to women who are experiencing problems with regard to menopause

Back 9

hormone replacement

Front 10

despite extensive research on intelligence during adulthood, investigators do not agree on the state of intellectual ability. For instance, Terman's longitudinal study showed an increase in IQ scores with age among his gifted population. Horn's studies, however, show decline in ? intelligence, with an increase in ? intelligence.

Back 10

fluid; crystallized

Front 11

according to Horn, fluid intelligence depends on the proper functioning of the nervous system. Crystallized intelligence indicates the cumulative effects of ? and ? on task performance.

Back 11

culture; learning

Front 12

intelligent mental operations may be broken down into subcategories, most of which appear to ? at the beginning of middle age.

Back 12

peak

Front 13

highly creative people like to do their own planning, are the most ? when unusual circumstances arise, and can tolerate uncertainty and ? better than others.

Back 13

resourceful; ambiguity

Front 14

today more adults are going back to school because the rate of change and ? in our society is so rapid.

Back 14

innovation

Front 15

a number of concerns face middle-aged employees. these concerns include knowing how many career goals have been or will be reached, changes in family relationships, change in work relationships, feelings of decreased hob ?, and concern for job ?.

Back 15

mobility; security

Front 16

some middle-aged workers may experience a ? crisis on the realization that there may be limited time remaining for them to make contributions for future generations.

Back 16

midlife

Front 17

some of the problems facing women in the workplace are ??, equal pay, and travel safety.

Back 17

sexual harassment

Front 18

Some women in the workplace experience ?, resulting in a questioning of competence, tougher job requirements, and blocks to career advancement.

Back 18

discrimination

Front 19

Hans selye outlined three stages of a general adaptation syndrome. these include alarm reaction, a stage of ?, and a stage of exhaustion.

Back 19

resistance

Front 20

Each of Selye's stages can be understood in terms of its ?, physical manifestations, and ? manifestations

Back 20

function; psychological

Front 21

the stressors that people feel are called risk factors, whereas the characteristics that increase resilience are called ? factors.

Back 21

protective

Front 22

? prevention programs try to eliminate problems before they begin.

Back 22

primary

Front 23

During middle age, marriage is sometimes affected by emotional ? (which means drifting apart while still married).

Back 23

divorce

Front 24

After the initial period of negative emotions that follows after the children leave home, called the "?? syndrome," couples can evaluate the hob they have done in raising their family.

Back 24

empty nest

Front 25

certain types of conflict in a marriage can be positive and are particularly beneficial if the ? is willing to confront areas of disagreement.

Back 25

husband

Front 26

it is unlikely that a middle-aged person who has never married will marry. Such people tend to have either very high or very low levels of ?.

Back 26

education

Front 27

one of the most challenging problems facing middle-adult women is that their parents or parents-in-law are now ? on them.

Back 27

dependent

Front 28

New divorce laws were considered to have a ? effect on women. These laws, however, have had the result of impoverishing many women.

Back 28

liberating

Front 29

studies such as that conducted by Burgess (2004) claim that low ? levels are associated with decreased sexual interest for women.

Back 29

estrogen

Front 30

the Janus Report indicates that the stereotype that people become less ? sexually as they age is not supported by the Januses' research.

Back 30

active

Front 31

Robert Sternberg has argues that the success of the adult intimate relationships depends on the level of compatibility of the partners' ??.

Back 31

love stories

Front 32

two theoretical positions influence the study of personality. Trait theorists believe that adults remain basically the same, and ? theorists believe that the adult is constantly changing and evolving

Back 32

stage

Front 33

In his discussion on midlife transition, Daniel Levinson identifies four polarities that are a source of division in the life of a middle-adult man. These polarities are young/old, destruction/creation, masculinity/femininity, and ?.

Back 33

attachment/separation

Front 34

From his studies on women, Levinson stated that the stages of women's development are similar to the stages for men, but he found three women's themes: ??, the traditional marriage enterprise, and the emerging gender revolution.

Back 34

gender splitting

Front 35

McCrae and Costa refer to "an index of instability or a predisposition for some kind of breakdown under stress" as ?.

Back 35

neuroticism

Front 36

Erikson saw generativity (the ability to be useful to ourselves and society) versus ? as the challenge for middle adulthood.

Back 36

stagnation

Front 37

According to McCrae and Costa, ?, extroversion, and openess to experience are the three traits they found to be stable in middle-aged adult males.

Back 37

neuroticism