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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Right Scrotal Varicocele
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Rgiht testicular vein into the vena cava blockd due to retroperitoneal fibrosis...most common complication is hydronephrosis though
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Exstrophy of the bladder assicated with what?
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Epispadisis as well as ADENOCARCINOMA of bladder due to glandular metaplasia
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MCC of bladder adenocarcinoma
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Urachal cyst remnants*** urine to umbililicus
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MC uropathogen
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E coli - UTA, acute cystis
#2 is satph saprophyticus in young women Adenovirus causes hemorrhagic cystics in kids |
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Lab finiiding in pyuria
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10 WBC/HPF, bacteriria hemauria, LEUKOCYTE ESETASE and NITRITE positive** for enterobacteriace nonoxidase
10^5*** gold standard for dx culture may be negative in chylamdia |
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asymptomatic bacteruria
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pregnancy, elderly women, diabetes mellitus
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Sterile pyuria
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+LEstease
-nitrite -Renal Tb -Chlamydia Acute tubulointerstitial nephritis** |
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Bladder cancer
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TCC by far most common- multifocal and reccur
-smoking, aniline dye Cyclophosphamide Schistasoma hematobium (more commonly SCC) -might have RBC antigens good sign Signs - DYSURIA, microscopic hmaturia, painless |
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MC Cancer in urethra
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SCC
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Phimosis
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can't retract foreskin
can't be aquired by inflammatory scarring due to balanoposthitis |
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Bowen disase
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Leukoplakia of penile shaf - recuros for SCC
ASSOCIATION WITH VISCERAL CANCER** Ddx - EQ- HOV mucosal glans and preuce -> SCC SCC of penis - inguinal and iliac nodes** |
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Cyrptorchidism
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Seminoma causing 5x
Majority stuck in inguinal which relies on androgen -due to arrest in gem cell maturation |
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Epididymitis
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<35 means neisseria or chylmadia
older means e colior psuedomonas Sx - scrotal pain radiating into speramtic cord - elevating decreases Tb takes over the whole ball and prostate BUT START IN THE EPIDIDYMIS |
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Testes elvation into inguinal canal
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Torsion- absent creamsteric relex
-need surgery |
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General Testicular tumor characteritstics
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Malignant are germ cell
Benign are sex cord stromal benign 5% of cases 40% one cell typ 60% mixed nonseminomatous RFs - cryptorchid, testicular fem, XXY Markers AFP in yolk sac- hCG choriocarcinoma, LDH nonsepcific |
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Spermatocytic
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GOod prognosis, LN -> hematogenous, LYMPHCYTIC INFILTRATE***
Ddx embroynal - hematgons -> lymphatic bulky with necrosis Yolk sac - AFP schiller duval Chordo- hCG ->GYNECOMASTIA*** poor px Teratoma - ALL MALIGNANT MAY HAVE IMATURE FOCUS due o SCC Lymphoma -MCC ni older than 60 Leydig -gynecomastica - seritoli looks like smeinferous tubul |
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Prostatis
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Caused by E coli, pseudomonas and klebsiella**
Lowerback pain dysuria fever Have to get a fractionatd sample and milk out last part for Dx Chronic - abacterial |
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BPH
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Se trbecular bladder from back pressure
-DHT mediator and estrogen Hyeprlasia of gland and stroma in trsinitional and periurethral zone Stromal hyperplasai-> obsctruction Hard to start and stop urne PSA elevated Posternal azotemia-> ARF |
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Prostatic cancer pathogenesi
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DHT dependent - polymorphisms of AR thought to be ome sensitive
-develops in peripheral zone so you palpate with DRE -hard gritt firm apperance 90% 15 year survival with Rx |
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Signs of malignacy of porstate cancer
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PERINEURAL INVASION
BV, capsule etc Sx - obstructive uropathy, bony met's via the batson plexus (also seen in breast) connects pelvis to the veretrabral plexus, alk phos elevation HIGH PSA over 10 more specific for cancer than elevation |
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Paget histology
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adenocarcinoma in epithelial not dermal layer
-PAS + unlike melanoma |
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Prognostic value of scamous cells in endometrial cancer
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none unless cancerous then its baaad
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PCOS pathophys
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LH-> androgen-> estrogen->positive LH feedback negative FSH no ovulation and follicular degeneration with no FSH causing the cystic changes
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Sudden onst of pain 6 weeks after lat period
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Ectopic pregnancy -> shock, bleleding adnexal mass
Dx with beta hcg |
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MCC ovarian mass in young women
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folicular cyst with fluid accumulation, rupture with pain Dx ultrasound
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OCP decrease risk of what?
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endometrial and ovarian cancer
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Palpable ovarian mass?
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Cancer
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Endeometrial hyperplasia and 100% superficial squamous cells on pap smear
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Estrogen secreting tumor
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CA125
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SURFACE DERIVED TUMORS ONLY
Serous - fallopian tube looking bilateral psammoma bodies |
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Wolfian remnant
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gartner duct cyst
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Bladder looking ovarian tumor
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Brenner=bladder
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Diamniotic monochorionic
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Identical Twin
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Monochorionic monoamniotic
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Identical Twin maybe siamese
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Diamniotic
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fraternal or identical
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Precocious Puberty in a boy MCC
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Midline hemartoma, girls it's idiopathic
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parinuaud's syndrome
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SC compression etc -> paralysis of upwards gaze
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