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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Preschool children are ages
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3, 4 & 5
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Developmental Goal for the preschooler
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Initiative
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By the age of six the weight of the child has
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Doubled the 1 yr birth wt (About 45 lbs)
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The growth process does what in the preschooler
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Slows down
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Their skills become more________ as each yr passes
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Adept
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Who emphasized that early childhood is critical in socialization of the individual
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Freud
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When the child focuses on the genital area it is referred to as
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Phallic Phase
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Freud says conflict is resolved at age____ then child begins to identify with parent of same gender
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6
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When the child focuses on the parent of the opposite sex…Boys & Girls
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Boys: Oedipal complex
Girls: Electra complex |
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This is considered the ideal age, are more agreeable & pleasant
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3
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At 3 yrs can build a tower of ______ blocks
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9 or 10
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The 3 yr olds play is
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Associative or Cooperative
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The preschooler has more_____than the older child
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Fears
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Parallel play is what group
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Toddler years
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Increased ________ has helped the child recognize potential dangers
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Intelligence
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Reduced vision in an eye that is not corrected by a manifest refraction & doesn’t appear to have an obvious pathological or structural cause
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Ambylopia
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In the 4 yr old vision is usually
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20/30 or worse
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In a 4yr old a sx of intelligence is
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Having an imaginary playmate
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Tx for Ambylopia
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Putting a patch on the good eye to make the weaker eye work; very effective
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To show how much better they are than the other child (4yrs)
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Tattle tailing
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Parental Guidelines for preventing Abductions
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Don’t let your child go out alone, use the buddy system
Always know where your child is and what his/her plans are Teach child how to use a pay phone or cell phone and how to contact emergency # Don’t have jacket or t-shirts with your child’s name in view Be aware of anyone who pays a great deal of attention to your child Have current ID kit done on your child |
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Divorce
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Is a concern for children of all ages, not just school age child.
Needs to be handled carefully because the impact on this particular age group can have serious consequences |
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Guidelines for coping with Divorce
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Provide reassurance that both parents love the child
Keep constant as many aspects of the child’s world as possible Provide reassurance that the no custodial parent will visit |
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Safety
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Accidents are the # 1 cause of deaths in children & parents should teach & demonstrate safe actions at all times
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Daily Care ( Hygiene)
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Able to except more responsibility for their hygiene
They tend to forget they have ears and a neck |
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Daily care (Clothing)
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Should be simple,durable & appropriate for the weather
Shoes should fit properly |
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Daily care (Sleep)
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6-8 yr olds need at least 11-13 hrs of sleep at night
9-12 yr olds need at least 10 hrs of sleep at night If children is eating, playing well & keeping up with school work then they are getting enough sleep at night |
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Nutritional needs
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Good nutritional diet is eating 3 balanced meals a day & 2 snacks a day
A variety of foods like fruits, vegetables, lean meats, low-fat dairy products, & foods with fiber |
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6 yr olds
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Have lots of energy and on the go all the time
At times can be bossy and rude, but are sensitive to criticism Can jump rope, throw & catch a ball, & tie shoelaces Preschool & kindergarten help them adjust to school and being in school exposes them to infections more easily Physical exams & immunizations kept up |
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7 yr olds
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Generally less of a problem then a 6 yr old
Quieter & don’t go looking for trouble Usually 2nd grade is the easiest to teach Increase independence Stealing may arise at this age, it’s a sign that some needs are not being met, address it & talk to them about the act View parents as dull & uninteresting |
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8 yr olds
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Wants 2 do everything
Can play alone longer Group activities are enjoyed Like to be considered important May behave better for company then family Sports are enjoyed but they are poor losers Neighborhood secret clubs are enjoyed Develops a conscience and knows right from wrong |
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9 yr olds
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Less restless
Can assume more responsibilities for belongings Individual performance is pronounced Worries and mild compulsions are common Nervous habits ex( eye blinking) Takes care of own bodily needs |
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10 yr olds
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Beginning of preadolescents
Ideas of groups are more important then individual things Peer groups no more the 1 yr older or 1 yr younger Boys and girls begin to identify themselves Intolerance of opposite gender Beginning to take more interest in appearance Can use fractions Knows # of 100 |
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11-12 yr olds
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Preadolescent yrs
Hormones in body begin Try to understand human reproduction Over abundances of energy On the go constantly Groups are still important Child isn’t ready to stand on their own but can’t stand without their parents Very much interested in their body & in the opposite sex Irritating behaviors are more easily excepted Parents needs to realize it’s a phase |
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Viedo Games
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Can dominate their life
Need to be monitored |
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Peers
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Effect child pos or neg
Important to know and monitor who their with Children need to be taught skills to approach things they know are not right Drug abuse restistance |
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Television
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Don't use as a babysitter
Does not challenge their minds Interferes with quiet play Discourages conversations, reading & interferes with school Effects how child views life Monitor tv time |
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Play is work for child
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Sleep habits may change
May baulk @ napping Need a good deal of unnoticed supervision to protect from danger Children need playmates to promote social development |
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Gender
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Teachers need to be aware of biases Ex. girls aren't good @ math but not true
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Bullying
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School age teens
Important for school to be safe for children Adults to make school safe |
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Guidance
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Scool-age needs constant understanding need to feel loved & wanted
Need approval for tasks well done & min of critisism Need to be allowed to make own decisions knowing that they will make mistakes Allow mistakes as long as they don't cause injury |
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Communication
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Have good communication
A 2 way relationship between the person & enivornment involves transmission of msg that touches off a respone their is a sender & reciever & the purpose of communication is to satify basic nedds. The msg is compsed of 2 parts Content which is covering the msg & intent which is the heart of the msg |
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Content and Intent
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If the 2 layers are consistent the msg is more readily understood. If the 2 are contradictory more strain is put on the reciever to decode msg. In successful comm the reciver must correctly read the intent & content of msg
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Two methods of communnication
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Verbal- Spoken
Non verbal- Body language and everything else |
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Health Exams
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School age needs yr physical and eye exams
Dental every 6 months Immunizatioons should be up to date |
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Guidelines for coping with divorce
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Find substitutes if the no custodial parent becomes uninvolved
Provide opportunities for the child to discuss painful feelings Clarify that the divorce is final and that the child is not responsible Try to protect the child’s positive feelings about both parents |
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Guidelines for coping with divorce
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Maintain normal discipline in both households
Do not argue with the ex-spouse about the child in the child’s presence Try to avoid custody disputes Make sure child is not to be blamed or felt blamed for the divorce |
