Growth And Development

Front 1

Growth

Back 1

Increase in physical size

Front 2

Development

Back 2

Qualitative increase in capability or function

Front 3

Cephalocaudal Development

Back 3

Development from head to feet

Front 4

Proximodistal Development

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Development from torso to extremities

Front 5

Anticipatory Guidance

Back 5

Nurses predict upcoming or expected developmental tasks and teach clients related to them

Front 6

Who developed psychoanalysis?

Back 6

Sigmund Freud

Front 7

Psychoanalysis

Back 7

Exploring the driving force of the unconscious mind

Front 8

The phrase "Childhood experiences lead to motivation in latter life" is indicative of what theory?

Back 8

Psychoanalysis

Front 9

The phrase "unresolved conflict and unmet needs at a certain lead to fixation of development" at that stage is indicative of what theory?

Back 9

Psychoanalysis

Front 10

"id", one of three parts of personality structure that describes the sexual energy present at birth and drives the individual to seek pleasure is indicative of what theory?

Back 10

Psychoanalysis

Front 11

"ego" one of three parts of personality structure that describes the realistic part of a person, which develops in infancy and searches for acceptable methods of meeting impulses, is indicative of what theroy?

Back 11

Psychoanalysis

Front 12

"Superego" one of three parts personality structure which describes the moral/ethical system that contains a set of values and a conscience is indicative of what theory?

Back 12

Psychoanalysis

Front 13

Which part of personality uses defense mechanisms to divert impulses and protect ones self from excess anxiety?

Back 13

Ego

Front 14

Includes infants up to 1 year of age, all of whom require a high level of care in daily activities?

Back 14

Infancy

Front 15

Characterized by increased motor ability and independent behaviour between the ages of 1 and 2?

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Toddlerhood

Front 16

This age group refines gross and fine motor abilities and language skills, often participates in a their first learning program?

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Preschool

Front 17

Begins with entry into a formal school system and is characterized by growing intellectual skills, physical ability and independence? 6-12 years of age

Back 17

School age

Front 18

Begins with entry into the teen years. Mature cognitive thought, formation of identity, and influence of peers are relative to this stage in development? 13-18 years

Back 18

Adolescence

Front 19

During the "Oral Stage" a baby obtains pleasure and comfort through the mouth (Which Theory?)

Back 19

Psychosexual

Front 20

"Trust vs. Mistrust is a crisis in infancy accomplished my by an infant consistently having met needs (Which Theory)

Back 20

Psychosocial

Front 21

The sensorimotor stage as characterized by infants learning from movement and sensory input was created by which scientist?

Back 21

Piaget (Theory of cognitive development)

Front 22

The Anal stage is characterized by a child receiving gratification through the control over body secretions. (Which Theory?)

Back 22

Psychosexual

Front 23

"Autonomy vs.shame and doubt" is when children show increasingly independent skills in may spheres of life is indicative of what theory?

Back 23

Psychosocial

Front 24

The end of the sensorimotor stage when children show increasingly exploitative behaviour and language skills improve is indicative of what theory?

Back 24

Cognitive Development

Front 25

The Phallic stage, when the child identifies with a parent of opposite sex and then with a parent of same sex is indicative of what theory?

Back 25

Psychosexual

Front 26

The crisis "Initiative vs. Guilt" when a child like to imitate play activities is indicative of what theory?

Back 26

Psychosocial

Front 27

The pre-operational stage, when children are increasingly verbal but has some limitations in thought processes and often confuses causality is indicative of what theory?

Back 27

Cognitive Development

Front 28

The "Latency Stage" when a child places importance on privacy and understanding the body is indicative of what theory?

Back 28

Psychosexual

Front 29

The crisis "Industry vs. inferiority", when a child gains a sense of self-worth from involvement in activities is indicative of what theory?

Back 29

Psychosocial

Front 30

The "concrete operational stage" when a child is capable if mature thought when allowed to manipulate and see objects is indicative of what theory?

Back 30

Cognitive Developmental

Front 31

The "Genital Stage" when adolescents focus on genital function and relationships is indicative of what theory?

Back 31

Psychosexual

Front 32

The crisis "Identity vs. role confusion", when an adolescent's search for self-identity leads to independence from parents and reliance on peers is indicative of what theory?

Back 32

Psychosocial

Front 33

The "Formal Operational Stage", when the adolescent is capable of mature, abstract thought is indicative of what theory?

Back 33

Cognitive Development

Front 34

The psychosocial theory as defined as eight developmental crises that every person must go through to reach developmental health was discovered by?

Back 34

Erik Erikson

Front 35

The cognitive developmental theory which is derived from the pretence that a child's view of the world is influenced largely by age and maturational ability was discovered by?

Back 35

Jean Piaget

Front 36

Preconventional (4 to 7 years) is a moral developmental stage characterised by decision making on the desire to please others and avoid punishment is indicative of what theory?

Back 36

Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Development

Front 37

Conventional (7 to 12 years) is a moral developmental stage characterized by the formation of the internal set of standards and following rules to be considered "good" is indicative of what theory?

Back 37

Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Development

Front 38

Postconventional (12 years and older), when the individual has internalized ethical standards on which to base decisions and recognizes social responsibility is indicative of what theory?

Back 38

Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Development

Front 39

The idea that children model the behaviour they see and tend to repeat it was an idea who had? And what's it called?

Back 39

Albert Bandura/Social Learning Theory

Front 40

The experiment where a scientist taught dogs to salivate with the ring of a bell, falls under what scope of theories? Bonus! Who did that study?

Back 40

Behaviorism/ Skinner

Front 41

The theory of positive and negative reinforcement was identified by what two scientists working in Behaviourism ?

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Watson and Skinner

Front 42

Nature vs. Nurture (the concept that divides genetic tendencies in behaviour to tendencies for a behaviour in an environment) falls under what theory?

Back 42

Ecologic Theory

Front 43

The ecologic theory emphasizes the presence of mutual interactions between various environments. What are the various environments and what do they consist of?

Back 43

Microsystem: The daily consistent relationships in places like home, daycare or school
Mesosystem: The relationships between the microsystems with one another
Exosystem: The settings that influence the child without having close contact with them, like school boards, or parents place of employment
Macrosystem: The level that includes the belief's, values, and behaviours expressed in the child's environment
Chronosystem: The time period in which the child grows up (like the 60's)

Front 44

The nine parameters of personality conclude what four possibilities in terms of childhood temperament?

Back 44

The easy child
The difficult child
The slow to warm up child
The mixed child

Front 45

An extension of the temperamental theory is the goodness of fit theory, what parent adaptations did they recommend for a shy child?

Back 45

Allow time to adapt at their own pace to new people and situations

Front 46

An extension of the temperamental theory is the goodness of fit theory, what parent adaptations did they recommend for an extremely active child?

Back 46

Plan periods of active play several times a day. Have restful periods before bedtime to foster sleep

Front 47

An extension of the temperamental theory is the goodness of fit theory, what parent adaptations did they recommend for an easily stimulated child?

Back 47

Have a quiet room for sleeping an infant. Have a quiet room for homework for a school-age child

Front 48

An extension of the temperamental theory is the goodness of fit theory, what parent adaptations did they recommend for a child with a short attention span?

Back 48

Provide projects that can be completed in a short amount of time. Gradually encourage longer periods at activities.

Front 49

Which pregnancy category of drugs has been tested on humans and has shown no teratogenic effects?

Back 49

Category A

Front 50

Which pregnancy category of drugs has been tested on Animals and has shown no teratogenic effects?

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Category B

Front 51

Which pregnancy category of drugs has not had testing on animals or humans and requires risk vs. benefit to be considered?

Back 51

Category C

Front 52

Which pregnancy category of drugs has shown mal-effects on the fetus and should only be used in life threatening situations?

Back 52

Category D

Front 53

Which pregnancy category is absolutely contraindicated in pregnancy?

Back 53

Category X

Front 54

Name 6 strategies for communicating with infants?

Back 54

Hold for feedings
Hold, talk and rock infant often
Talk and sing frequently during care
Use high-pitched voice with newborns
When infant is upset, swaddle and hold securely