Groups And Communities Test 1

Front 1

Facilitative/Building Role

Back 1

Adds to the functioning of a group in a positive and constructive way.

Front 2

Maintenence Role

Back 2

Contributes to the social-emotional bonding of members and the group's overall well-being. People who take on a maintenence role are social and emotionally oriented.

Front 3

Blocking Role

Back 3

An anti-group role.

Front 4

Facilitator/Encourager

Back 4

Individuals play the role of a counselor's helper. They make sure that everyone is comfortable. They try to keep the focus off of themselves.

Front 5

Gatekeeper/Expediter

Back 5

Individuals make sure that the group operates within its proposed norms. They act like the counselor's assistant and become hostile with other members become "too" active.

Front 6

Standard/Goal Setter

Back 6

Work to establish group norms and lofty goals, the are unsure of themselves.

Front 7

Harmonizer/Conciliator

Back 7

Group mediators who seek to keep conflict to a minimum and emotionally control the group. They fear that the group will get out of hand emotionally.

Front 8

Compromiser/Neutralizer

Back 8

Similar to the Harmonizer. Offer suggestions to reach calm/

Front 9

Group Observer

Back 9

Doesn't participate directly with the group, they analyze it rather than give their input, comment on other members' actions.

Front 10

Follower/Neuter

Back 10

Express a lot of agreement with the group, unsure of themselves, do not offer their own opinions.

Front 11

Initiator/Energizer

Back 11

Prod the group to move and take action, can be seen as hasslers.

Front 12

Information/Opinion Seekers

Back 12

Gathers data about the other members, might push other members to disclose before they are ready.

Front 13

Information/Opinion Givers

Back 13

Seek to give information, advice, opinions to others in the group. Can be annoying but are often what moves the group forward.

Front 14

Elaborator and/or Coordinator

Back 14

Reality oriented, make sure that the group is also reality oriented. Logic sometimes gets in the way of creativity.

Front 15

Orientor/Evaluator

Back 15

Acts as the group's judge in evaluating how well it is doing in achieving its tasks.

Front 16

Procedural Technician

Back 16

Taken by one or more of the followers in the group. They concentrate on the achievement of group goals.

Front 17

Aggressor

Back 17

Disagrees with most of the group members' ideas and behaviors. Might try and impose their own beliefs on others.

Front 18

Blocker

Back 18

Have very rigid beliefs about what should be discussed, often resist the wishes of the total group and impede its progress.

Front 19

Recognition Seeker

Back 19

Bragging and calling attention to self at the expense of others and the group in general.

Front 20

Playboy/Playgirl

Back 20

Nonchalant, cynical in regards to the group, lets the other group members know that they are not invested in the group.

Front 21

Help-Seeker/Rescuer

Back 21

Elicit sympathy from the group and are dependent. Rescuers meet their own needs, but do not really help other members function better.

Front 22

Monopolist

Back 22

Task incessantly because of their own anxiety, about issues that aren't really realted to the group, they alienate other group members.

Front 23

Do-gooder/Informer

Back 23

The do-gooder wants to do what is right for other, the informer wants to share information about someone in the group outside the session. Both seek to enhance their image.

Front 24

Withdrawn/Hostile Members

Back 24

Seek to avoid group interaction and participation by being silent or intimidating. Self-protection.

Front 25

Group

Back 25

A collection of two or more individuals, who meet face to face, interactions, interdependently, with the awareness that each belongs to the group and for the purpose of achieving mutually agreed-on goals.

Front 26

Psychoeducational Group

Back 26

Originally developed for use in educational settings (public schools). Premised on the idea that education is treatment. Psychoeducational group work emphasizes using education methods to aquire information and develop related meaning and skills. They can be preventative, growth oriented or remedial in their purpose and focus. Also used in hospitals, mental health agencies, social service agencies, and universities.

Front 27

Size of a psychoeducational group

Back 27

The size varies across settings but 20-40 individuals is the norm. Sub groups are used for discussions and to practice skills. Sub groups are usually 10-12 members, fewer if the members are children.

Front 28

The psychoeducational group leader

Back 28

The leader is in charge of managing the group as a whole, giving out information, breaking the group into subgroups.

Front 29

Length and duration of a psychoeducational group

Back 29

Varies across settings, but generally the group meets for 50 minutes-2 hours. The group works best when there is a regular meeting time. The average number of sessions is 8-10.

Front 30

Life Skills Training

Back 30

Focuses on helping persons identify and correct deficits in their life-coping responses and learn new, appropriate behaviors.

Front 31

Counseling Groups

Back 31

Preventative, growth oriented, and remedial. The focus on the group is on each person's behvior and development or change within the group. There is an emphasis on group dynamics and interpersonal relationships. More selective. Ideal for individuals experiencing "usual, but often difficult, problems of living" that information alone cannot solve. The topic is usually less specfic than in a psychoeducational group. Conducted in schools or agencies with clients who want or need to focus on a developmental or situational problematic aspect of their lives.

Front 32

Size of a counseling group

Back 32

Size range from 3-4 in a children's group to 8-12 in an adult group.

Front 33

Duration and length of a counseling group

Back 33

The groups usually lasts 6-16 sessions, with each session usually lasting 50-90 minutes.

Front 34

Psychotherapy Group

Back 34

The group emphasizes helping people with serious psychological problems of long duration. This group is most often found in mental health facilities, such as clinic and hospitals. It can be open ended or close ended. It is not effective to include only individuals with personality disorders or diagnosable mental disorders, a variety of individuals works the best.

Front 35

Length and duration of a psychotherapy group

Back 35

The group generally spans months or even years. Long duration, 90 minutes - 2 hours.

Front 36

Size of a psychotherapy group

Back 36

Generally the group has from 2/3-12 members.

Front 37

Open Ended Group

Back 37

Members can join at anytime

Front 38

Close Ended Group

Back 38

New members will not be admitted after the first meeting.

Front 39

Task/Work Groups

Back 39

Promote efficient and effective accomplishment of group tasks among people who are gathered to accomplish group task goals. Volunteer groups, mission groups, goal groups and working groups are the main examples.

Front 40

Size of a task/work group

Back 40

Groups should be no larger than 12 people because unintentional subgrouping will not occur.

Front 41

Differences between task/work groups and other groups

Back 41

Task groups disband abruptly afer acomplishing the goal. Members and leaders of a task/work group have considerable contact with others in an organization in which the group is housed, feedback is needed from non-goup members.

Front 42

Mixed groups

Back 42

encompass multiple ways of working with members and may change the emphasis at different times in the development of the group.

Front 43

Group Process

Back 43

The interaction of group members with one another.

Front 44

Contagion

Back 44

A member's behavior elicits group interaction and reaction.

Front 45

Conflict

Back 45

Matters onvolving conflict usually revolve around significant issues in people's lives, such as authority, intimacy, growth, change, autonomy, power and loss. All group members and leaders experience conflict during the life of a group.

Front 46

Anxiety

Back 46

Anxiety is a mobilizer of group process, to cope with the discomfort of some emotions, members will employ a restrictive solution or an enabling solution.

Front 47

Restrictive Solution

Back 47

Changing the subject, attacking a group member, intellectualizing, detaching from the group, or ignoring a group member.

Front 48

Enabling Solutions

Back 48

Revolve around open listening and discussion about the anxiety that is present.

Front 49

Consensual Validation

Back 49

Checking one's behaviors with a group of other people, in this interaction, people are questioned, confronted, or affirmed either individually or within the group.

Front 50

Universality

Back 50

Knowing that others (within the group) have similar experiences and feelings, enables group members to identify and unify with one another.

Front 51

Family Reenactment

Back 51

Families of origin continue to influence people throughout their lives.

Front 52

Instillation of Hope

Back 52

It is vital that group members be helped to come to terms with their own issues and have hope that they can overcome their issues.

Front 53

Group Interaction

Back 53

the way members relate to one another. It consists verbal and non verbal behaviors and the attitudes that go with them. Group interaction exists on a continuum, from extremely nondirective to highly directive.

Front 54

Nonverbal Behaviors

Back 54

Make up more than 50% of the messages communicated in social relationships, and are usually percieved as more honest and less subject to manipulation than verbal behaviors. There are body behaviors, interaction with the environment, speech and physical appearance.

Front 55

S.O.L.E.R

Back 55

Sit squarely
Open posture
Lean forward
Eye contact
Relax

Front 56

Verbal Behavior

Back 56

Verbal messages, behavior and feelings.

Front 57

Role Collision

Back 57

When there is comflict between the role an individual plays in the outside world and the role expected within the group.

Front 58

Role Incompatibility

Back 58

when a person is given a role within the group that they neither want nor is comfortable exercising.

Front 59

Authoritarian group leader

Back 59

rigid in their beliefs, believe themselves to be an expert in the field, give advice, interpret, control the group, want the group to be obedient and conform. Very effective in times of crisis.

Front 60

Laissez-Faire Group Leader

Back 60

Very little direction and structure, ember centered group. The leader shifts the responsibility of goal setting to the group.

Front 61

Democratic Leader

Back 61

Less directive than an authoritarian leader and more directive than a laissez-faire leader. The facilitator trusts the group to schieve goals. They share the responsibilities with the group members, and collaborates with the group. Probably the best way to lead a counseling group.

Front 62

Dealing with conflict Withdrawl/Avoidance

Back 62

the leader distances themselves from the conflict andn lets the members handle it.

Front 63

Dealing with conflict
Supression

Back 63

the leader plays down the conflict, especially when it is minor.

Front 64

Dealing with conflict
Integration/Collaboration

Back 64

The leader collects eceryone's perception of the conflict, and identifies points of agreement.

Front 65

Dealing with conflict
Compromise

Back 65

Each group member gives up a little to obtain a part of what they wanted and aviod further conflict.

Front 66

Dealing with conflict
Power/Competition

Back 66

The leader uses their position o restore resolution.

Front 67

5 main ethical priciples

Back 67

1.autonomy
2.beneficence
3.non-maleficence (do no harm)
4.justice
5.fidelity

Front 68

Ethical Principles
Autonomy

Back 68

People can choose their own direction in life.

Front 69

Ethical Principles
Beneficence

Back 69

Try and do good.

Front 70

Ethical Principles
Non-maleficence (do no harm)

Back 70

making sure that people do not fall into harmful situations.

Front 71

Ethical Principles
Justice

Back 71

fairness and equality in treatment

Front 72

Ethical Principles
Fidelity

Back 72

honesty, promise keeping, honoring commitments.

Front 73

Confidentiality

Back 73

Everything stays within the group, when drugs and alcohol come up with a minor you have to make the decision to break confidentiality or not.

Front 74

Dual Relationships

Back 74

2 or more conflicting roles [counselor, friend, romantic relationship] Don't do it.

Front 75

Records

Back 75

keep records, they should be observations of what is happening and facts, not your opinion. They should be stored somewhere where the ordinary person cannot get to them, if your files are on your computer, make sure that you back up religiously.

Front 76

Values

Back 76

you have to be able to handle a situation where someone brings up something completely against your values, you also have to be able to help group members through their own reactions. values aren't right or wrong. Self awareness will help you to be able to be open to what group members say/believe/value.

Front 77

Culture

Back 77

Values, behaviors, beliefs held by a group of people, its more than religion, ethiniciy, region, heritage, gender and sexual orientation.

Front 78

Problem Behaviors
intellectualization

Back 78

The member focuses on thoughts rather than feelings.

Front 79

Problem Behaviors
Questioning

Back 79

The member questions a speaking member in order to keep the focus off of themselves.

Front 80

Problem Behaviors
Advice Giving

Back 80

Telling other members what they should do, rather than focusing on their own problems.

Front 81

Problem Behaviors
Band-Aiders

Back 81

Try to fix the bad emotions, they're afraid of them, try to cover them up.

Front 82

Problem Behaviors
Dependent

Back 82

The member agrees with other group members, not risking giving their own opinion, don't want to share, they protect themselves.

Front 83

Problem Behavior
Group Leader Attacker

Back 83

Question or attack the group leader, trying to shift the attention off of themselves.

Front 84

Problem Behavior
Monopolizer

Back 84

Think that their opinions are the correct one, they steer the conversation to their own beliefs, they like the whole session to be all about themselves.

Front 85

Group Collusion

Back 85

cooperating with others unconsciously or consciously to reinforce prevailing attitudes, values, behaviors, or norms. This is a self protection behavior, and the goal is to maintain the status quo within the group.

Front 86

Task Processing

Back 86

ways of accomplishing specfic goals in a group.

Front 87

Task Processes
Rounds

Back 87

everyone has a chance to talk/share about what is going on. Make sure that you start this exercise with ehough time that you get to everything and have time to process and terminate the group.

Front 88

Task Processes
Role Playing

Back 88

allows members to try out a new behavior in a safe environment.

Front 89

Task Processes
Give Homework

Back 89

You don't want to focus on the negative fact that someone didn't complete their homework, talk with them about why, and how they feel about not finishing the assignment.

Front 90

Problem Behavior
Sarcastic Member

Back 90

The member expresses themself through sarcasm to mask their feelings.

Front 91

Verbal Techniques
Joining

Back 91

the process by which members connect with one another mentally and physically. It requires that the leader and members take the time to get to know one another. This can happen in may ways an icebreaker is one of the best ways. Includes goal setting

Front 92

Verbal Techniques
Linking

Back 92

the process of conencting persons with one another by pointing out to them what they share in common. It strenghtens the bonds between individuals and the group as a whole.

Front 93

Verbal Techniques
Cutting Off

Back 93

Making sure that new material is not introduced into the session too late, when there is not enough time to cover it, it also prevents group members from rambling.

Front 94

Verbal Techniques
Drawing Out

Back 94

The opposite of Cutting Off, the leader purposefully askes more silent members to speak to anyone in the group or the group as a whole, about anything.

Front 95

Verbal Techniques
Clarifying

Back 95

Used when a member brings up a topic that is not appropriate for early sessions, the leader clarifies the purpose of the group with the individuals and the group, the stage the session has reached and/or which behavioral interactions are appropriate.

Front 96

Dealing with Problem Behaviors
Subgroups

Back 96

Address the problem immediatly,subgroups can be detrimental to the group as a whole. Tell the members that it is not accpetable/appropriate.

Front 97

Dealing with Problem Behaviors
Manipulators

Back 97

Reframing: give them what they need but not what they want, and don't hurt the group to do this. OR Blocking; ok so???

Front 98

Dealing with Problem Behaviors
Resistants

Back 98

Ask them to participate, but don't REQUIRE it, it will put them on the defense.

Front 99

Problem Behaviors
Resistants

Back 99

Resist talking about themselves.

Front 100

Dealing with Problem Behaviors
Monopolizer

Back 100

Ask the group for feed back on the monopolizers behavior so that they can see how other people react to them, or you can cut them off.

Front 101

Dealing with Problem Behaviors
Silent Member

Back 101

Draw them out, make eye contact, smile, invite them in, ask them directly what they think.

Front 102

Dealing with Problem Behaviors
Focuser

Back 102

Call on them, ask them their opinion, ask the group for feedback on their behavior.

Front 103

Problem Behaviors
Focuser

Back 103

Self appointed leader healper, they focus on everyone but themselves, they don't want to give their own opinions.

Front 104

Verbal Techniques
Emphathizing

Back 104

putting oneself in another's place in reagard to subjective perception and emition while keeping one's objectivity.

Front 105

Verbal Techniques
Supporting

Back 105

the act of encouraging and reinforcing others.

Front 106

Verbal Techniques
Facilitating

Back 106

involves using clear and direct sommunication channels among individuals.

Front 107

Verbal Techniques
Self-Disclosure

Back 107

revealing to group members information about onself of which they were previously unaware.

Front 108

Verbal Techniques
Play the Delvil's Advocate

Back 108

The leader questions group members about their statements in a duscussion to promote open discussion and prevent group collusion.

Front 109

Theater of Spontinaity

Back 109

the cause of current problems comes from past experiences, to act out or work out those experiences will help you to get better.

Front 110

Yalom's 11 theraputic factors

Back 110

1.installation of hope
2.universality
3.imparting information
4.alturism
5.reliving an early experience & catharsis
6. social learning
7.modeling
8.interdependent learning
9.group cohesiveness
10.catharsis
11.existential factors

Front 111

Theraputic Factors
Installation of Hope

Back 111

Group members having the hope that they can work through their problems will go a long way.

Front 112

Theraputic Factors
Universality

Back 112

you're not alone with your problem

Front 113

Theraputic Factors
Imparting information

Back 113

giving out information

Front 114

Theraputic Factors
Alturism

Back 114

teaching group members to help each other

Front 115

Theraputic Factors
Reliving and early experience & catharsis

Back 115

reliving an important event and learn from it

Front 116

Theraputic Factors
Social learning

Back 116

development of social skills

Front 117

Theraputic Factors
Modeling

Back 117

Immitative behavior learn from others

Front 118

theraputic factors
Interpersonal learning

Back 118

other people can "call" you on your bad behaviors.

Front 119

theraputic factors
catharsis

Back 119

getting at your feelings

Front 120

theraputic factors
existential factors

Back 120

not everything will be solved. reality.