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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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At room temperature what are Fluorine Chlorine Bromine Iodine |
Fluorine - pale yellow gas Chlorine - greenish gas Bromine - red brown liquid Iodine - black solid |
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What characteristic smell do they all have? |
Swimming bath smell |
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Explain trend in Electronegativity Atomic radius Melting point Boiling point |
Electronegativity - decreases as you go down group Atomic radius - increases as you go down the group Melting / boiling point - increase as u go down |
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Which element has untypical properties and why is this? |
Fluorine - the F F bond is unexpectedly weak |
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What does electronegativity depend on ? |
Attraction between nucleus and bonding electrons in outer shell, the nuclear charge and distance between nucleus and outer electrons |
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Why do melting and boiling points increase down group? |
Larger atoms have more electrons, which makes the van der Waals forces stronger. |
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State the trend in oxidising ability of the halogens |
It decreases down the group |
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State the trend in reducing ability of halogens |
Increases down the group - becomes easier to lose electrons to become halogen molecules, as electrons are further away from nucleus |
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What happens in reaction between sodium chloride and sulfuric acid |
Steamy fumes of hydrogen chloride are seen. The product is sodium hydrogensulfate Acid base reaction |
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What happens in reaction between sodium bromide and sulfuric acid |
Steamy fumes of hydrogen bromide and brown fumes of bromine. Colourless sulfur dioxide is formed |
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Reaction between sodium iodide and sulfuric acid |
Steamy fumes of hydrogen iodide, black solid of iodine, bad egg smell |
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Reaction between water and chlorine |
Cl2 + H2O <> HClO + HCl |
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What product from reaction of chlorine and water makes chlorified water safe? |
Chloric acid is an oxidising agent and kills bacteria by oxidation |
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What reaction occurs between chlorine and water in sunlight? |
2Cl2 + H2O > 4HCl + O2
Chlorine is rapidly lost from water in sunlight |
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What is an alternative to adding chlorine to swimming pools? |
Adding solid sodium or calcium chlorate. |
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How is the loss of HClO, as ClO- ions prevented |
By keeping water slightly acidic |
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What is the 2 equations to show reactions between sodium bromide and sulfuric acid? |
1 NaBr + H2SO4 > NaHSO4 + HBr
2 2H + Br + H2SO4 > SO2 + 2H2O + Br2 |
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What is the 2 equations to show reactions between sodium bromide and sulfuric acid? |
1 NaBr + H2SO4 > NaHSO4 + HBr
2 2H + Br + H2SO4 > SO2 + 2H2O + Br2 |
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Why is nitric acid used in identifying metal hallides with silver ions? |
It gets rid of any soluble carbonate or hydroxide impurities |
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How does Chlorine, Bromine, iodine react with dilute / concentrated ammonia |
Chloride - dissolves in dilute Bromide - dissolves in concentrated Iodine - insoluble in concentrated |
