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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What type of ion channel is most significantly involved in an action potential in an axon? |
Sodium-Potassium voltage gated channel |
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What will open a ligand-gated channel in a neuron? |
Neurotransmitters |
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What determines the direction that ions move through an ion channel? |
Ion gradient and the electric potential of the membrane |
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What kind of ion channel is responsible for the resting potential of the membrane? |
Passive Channels |
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What ion channels are involved indirectly in causing the release of neurotransmitters at the synapse? |
Calcium voltage-gated channels |
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What type of channel requires a molecule to bind to it in order to activate it? |
Ligand-gated channel |
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What is the importance of the NA+/K+ pump? |
It establishes a concentration gradient which allows for ion movement later on. |
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Where are ligand-gated channels found? |
Cell body and dendrites of a neuron. |
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What are three main ions that move through voltage-gated channels? |
Calcium, Sodium, and Potassium. |
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What does the term 'Conductance' mean in relation to ion channels? |
The ability for ions to move through channels; could refer to then umber of channels open. |
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How many NA+ ions are pumped into the cell using the NA+/K+ pump? |
3 NA+ ions |
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How many K+ ions are pumped out of the cell using the NA+/K+ pump? |
2 K+ ions |
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What is required to open a voltage-gated channel? |
A change in the membrane potential. |
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What energy molecule is used up to move NA+ across the cell through the Sodium/Potassium pump? |
ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) |
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Where are the CA2+ voltage-gated channels located? |
The axon terminal. |
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What is ATP converted to when lending energy to the NA+/K+ pump? |
ATP goes to ADP, and a Phosphate group is released, giving off energy. |
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How many stages of development are there in a skeletal muscle? |
Three |
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what are the names of the different stages of development in the skeletal muscle? |
Early, middle, and late |
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In immature muscles, there is a _____________ conductance and a _____________ open time. |
Small; long |
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What does the opening of the two different channels cause? |
A developmental change in the composition of the subunit |
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How long is the late stage of development? |
48 days |
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What does K+ stand for? |
Potassium Ion |
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How many separate sub-units do voltage gated K+ channels have? |
Four |
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To what type of channels do K+ channels correspond? |
Na+ channels |
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What is the difference between voltage-gated and inward-rectifying K+ channels? |
Inward-rectifying K+ channels are open at resting potential and shut during depolarization |
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Which type of channels include the glutamate-gated channels? |
Voltage gated K+ channels |
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Ligand-gated channels can be classified by what? |
Their ion selectivity |
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What does Na+ stand for? |
A sodium ion |
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What does TRP stand for? |
Transient Receptor Potential |
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Who provided the first high-resolution x-ray crystallographic analysis of an ion-selective channel? |
Rod Mackinnon and colleagues |
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The Gap-junction channel is formed from a pair of what? |
Hemichannels; one each in the pre and postsynaptic cell membranes |
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What is the voltage-gated Na+ channel formed from? |
Single peptide chain |
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Where do Gap-junction channels serve as conduits? |
Between the cytoplasm of the pre and postsynaptic cells at electrical synapsis |
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What is one of the larger family of ligand-gated channels? |
The Acetylcholine receptor channel |
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How many identical subunits is each hemichannel made up of? |
Six identical subunits. |
