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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Explain why magnesium and calcium have similar chemical properties? |
~ This is becasue they are in the same group, so have the same number of electrons in their outer shell |
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State and explain the change in atomic radius moving down group 2 from beryllium to barium |
~ Going down group 2 from Beryllium to Barium the number of protons the & electron increase ~ So nuclear charge increases ~ There is also an increase in number of shells ~ So an increase in shielding (increase in distance also reduces attraction between outer electrons and nucleus) ~ So there is an increase in atomic radius |
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What is a redox reaction? |
~ When a reaction is oxidised and reduced at the same time |
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What happens to the solubility of group 2 metals? |
~ It increases |
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What effect does solubility have on relative alkalinity of the solutions formed when the group 2 oxides react with water? |
~ When group 2 oxides react with water they produce metal hydroxides ~ These hydroxides dissolve in water to release OH- ions ~ So the solution formed when the metal oxides react |
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Group 2 metals burn in oxygen to form what? |
~ To form a white metal oxide |
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Example of a group 2 metal burn in oxygen |
2Ca (s) + 02 (g) -> 2Ca0 (s) 2Ba (s) + 02 (g) -> 2BaO (s) |
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What do reactions of metal oxides with water produce? |
~ They are soluble ~ They form metal hydroxides |
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Example of a metal oxide reacting with water |
~ CaO (s) + H2O (l) -> Ca2+ + 2OH- (aq) |
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All metal oxides are soluble expect for which metal oxide? |
~ Magnesium oxide is not very soluble |
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Which group 2 metal reacts with cold water very slowly? |
~ Magnesium |
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Example of a group 2 metal reacting with water |
~ Mg (s) + 2H2O (g) -> Mg(OH)2 (s) + H2 (g) |
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Is the solution produced between an metal and water an alkali? (Example) |
~ Ca (s) + 2H2O (l) -> Ca(OH)2 (s) + H2 ~ Ca(OH)2 (s) -> Ca(OH)2 (aq) (partially dissolves) ~ Ca(OH)2 (aq) -> <- Ca2+ (aq) + 2OH- (aq) |
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If the metal hydroxide (base) is soluble then an alkali will be produced |
If the metal hydroxide (base) is soluble then an alkali will be produced
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Solubility of metal hydroxides decreases down group 2 |
Solubility of metal hydroxides decreases down group 2
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Why does alkalinity increase? |
~ This is because solubility increases ~ Due to OH ions being released |
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What happens to concentratioon going down group 2? |
~ As you go down group 2 ~ More will dissolve and dissociate ~ Releasing OH- ions ~ So a greater concentration of them resulting in a higher ph |
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The greater the concentration of OH- ions in water the greater the alkalinity |
The greater the concentration of OH- ions in water the greater the alkalinity
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