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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Describe the shape of the clavicle?
What is the attachment for the sternal end & acromial end of the clavicle? What landmark can be found on the superior anterior crest of the clavicle (at distal aspect)? What landmark can be found on the inferior surface of clavicle & what muscle is associated with it? What landmark can be found on the inferior surface (at the proximal aspect) & what does it attach to? What landmarks can be found on the inferior surface (at the distal aspect) & what does they attach to (list attachments)? Attachment to the axial portion of the body via the __________. |
Elongated double curved body
Sternal = Pectoralis Major ms Acromial = Trapezius & Deltoid ms Deltoid Tubercle Subclavian Groove & Subclavian ms Costal Tubercle & attachment for Costoclavicular ligament Conoid tubercle; for attachment of the Conoid portion of Coracoclavicular ligament Trapezoid line; for attachment of the Trapezoid portion of Coracoclavicular ligament Sternoclavicular (SC) joint |
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Where is the sternoclavicular joint located?
Classify the SC joint. What movement is it capable of doing? What are the articular structures associated with SC joint (list the function & where is it located)? What's the blood supply to the SC joint? What's the nerve innervation to the SC joint? |
Between the sternum, clavicle & 1st ribs
Synovial, Diarthrotic, Saddle joint that can act as a ball & socket joint. *Elevation up to 60 degrees* Depression down 30 degrees Also Anterior-Posterior movements 30 degrees -Articular capsule - holds the clavicle to the manubrium -Interclavicular ligament - from 1 clavicle to the other side. It strengthens the joint superiorly -Costoclavicular ligament - limits excess elevation of the clavicle at the SC -Fibrous Articular disc, within the joint cavity give the joint great deal of strength Internal Thoracic Aa. & Suprascauplar A. (a branch from the thyrocervical trunk) Medial Supraclavicular (cutaneous nerves of the neck) & Nerve to the Subclavius ms (Subclavius N.) |
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Where's the acromioclavicular joint located?
Classify the AC joint. What ligaments are associated with the AC joint? Hint: There are 2 external sets of ligaments What's blood supply to AC joint? What's nerve supply to AC joint? |
Between the distal end of the clavicle & the acromion process of scapula
Plane, Diarthrodial joint Capsular Articular Ligament - which covers the joint. These ligaments also provide an extension superior into the joint (fibrocartilage) as an incomplete disc. 2 external sets of ligaments: - Coracoacromial ligaments - forms roof to protect ms - Coracoclavicular ligament (2 parts, Conoid & Trapezoid) - Holds scapula up Acromion A. (branch from the Thoracoacromion A.) & Suprascapular A (branch from the Thyrocervical trunk) N = Supraclavicular (from the cutaneous cervical), Axillary (brachial plexus) & Lateral Pectoral N. (from lateral cord of brachial plexus) |
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Describe the scapula. List attachments.
ANTERIOR VIEW: What provides the insertion for the Pectoralis Minor muscle? What other attachments does it have? List functions if present. What is located at the Superior aspect of the suprascapular notch (Lesser scapular notch)? What passes Superior & Inferior to this ligament? A somewhat flat surface that's the origin for Subscapularis ms is _______________. |
A flat triangle bone that at its posterior (vertebral border & spine process) allows point of attachment for Rhomboids, Trapezius, & Levator Scapulae.
Coronoid (We think it's Coracoid) Tubercle Both components of the Coracoclavicular ligaments (which is Conoid & Trapezoid ligaments) (Suspends scapula from clavicle for free movement) Coracoacromial ligaments Superior Transverse ligament -Suprascapular N. (from superior trunk of the brachial pelxus) passes through this notch inferior to the ligament -Suprascapular A (from Thyrocervical trunk) passes superior to this ligament Subscapular fossa |
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What is the Subscapularis ms associated with?
Subscapularis Ms (Multipennate ms) O, I, A, N? Notable? |
*** Rotator Cuff Muscles ***
O: Subscapular fossa of the scapula I: Medial margin of the LESSER tubercle of the humerus bone. Also contributes into articular capsule of the shoulder joint (Genohumeral jt), thus part of the rotator cuff A: Adduct, Stabilize the head of the humerus in the joint, and Medial Rotate the shoulder joint N: Upper & Lower Subscapular Nerves (Branches from the Posterior cord of the branchial plexus) NOTABLE: Structures on its ANTERIOR surface: - Subscapular A (from 3rd part of Axillary A: Biggest br of Axillary A) - Upper & Lower Subscapular Nerves (From the Posterior cord of the brachial plexus) Note: Bursa under subscapularis ms |
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POSTERIOR Aspect of the Scapula
(List structures, attachments). What does the spine of the scapula divide? |
Dominated by spine of scapula
Provide an attachment for the Trapezius muscle Location of the spine will divide the posterior aspect of the Supra & Infraspinous fossae. Also note its lateral (Axillary) border |
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Supraspinatus muscle. What's it a part of?
O, I, A, N? Notable? |
Rotator cuff muscles
O: Supraspinous fossa of the scapula I: Superior aspect of GREATER tubercle of humerus. Also contributes into formation of the capsule of the Glenohumeral articular capsule. A: Abduction of the shoulder assisting the Deltoid ms. Rotators of the shoulder joint N: Suprascapular N. (a branch from the Superior trunk of the brachial plexus) Notable: Suprascapular A & N. are located in this muscle Note: The Bursa beneath the supraspinatus ms = Subdeltoid bursa |
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Infraspinatus ms. What's its a part of & describe it.
O, I, A, N. |
Large trangular ms, part of the rotator cuff muscles (Multipennate ms)
O: Infraspinous fossa of the scapula I: Middle aspect of the Greater tubercle of the humerus posteriorly, incorporating into articular capsule of shoulder joint (Glenohumeral jt) A: Stabliize the shoulder & Lateral external rotate the shoulder N: Suprascapular N. |
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What is an attachment to the AXILLARY BORDER of the scapula?
Teres Minor Ms. What is it a part of? Describe it. O, I, A, N Describe Quadragular space. (Contents & Boundaries) |
Teres Minor Ms
Pt of rotator cuff muscles. Thin round ms that may blend in with Infraspinatous ms O: Lateral (axillary) border of scapla I: Inferior aspect of the Greater tubercle of humerus posteriorly. Blends in with articular capsule of shoulder A: Holds head of humerus in the joint (Stabilize) & Lateral rotation of the joint N: Axillary N (from Posterior cord of brachial plexus) passes through the QUADRANGULAR space - Axillary N & Posterior Humeral Circumflex A (branch of the 3rd part of the Axillary A) - Boundaries: - Laterally: Upper Shaft of Humerus - Medially: Long head of the Triceps brachii ms - Superiorly: Teres minor ms - Inferiorly: Teres major ms |
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What is another attachment to the AXILLARY BORDER of the scapula?
O, I, A, N. Notable? What's in the triangular interval? |
Teres Major Ms
O: Axillary border of the scapula, posterior surface of scapula, & Inferior angle of the scapula I: Medial crest of the LESSER humeral tubercle (medial crest of the intertubercular groove) of humerus just posterior to Latissiums dorsi ms A: Powerful adductor & medial rotator of the glenohumeral joint N: Lower Subscapular N (a branch from Posterior cord of brachial plexus) Notable: This ms w/ the teres minor & Long head of the triceps brachii forms an area (space) known as the TRIANGULAR SPACE W/in this space = Location of Circumflex Scapular A (branch from Subscapular A (branch from the 3rd part of Axillary A) Radial N & Deep Brachii or Profundi Brachii A |
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Name the muscles located on the medial vertebral border of the scapula.
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Rhomboid & Levator Scapulae
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Name & Describe the structures located on the Lateral Aspect of the Scapula
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Glenoid Fossa
-Shallow Fossa about 4 cm long and about 2 cm wide -Allows articulation between Scapula & Humerus -Forms a ball & Socket Diarthrotic joint Articular Capsule -From the margin of the glenoid cavity into the anatomical neck of the humerus. -This capsule is strengthened by rotator cuff ms., except at the inferior aspect. -Glenoid fossa is also deepened by the Glenoid Labrum (shallow ridge of cartilage) -Glenohumeral jt has a hiatus allowing the long head of the biceps bracii ms to exit the joint cavity |
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What does the Triangular interval contain (Nerve & Artery) & what are its borders.
What N & A are located in the Quadrangular interval? What's located in the Triangular space? |
Teres Major
Triceps - Long head Triceps - Lateral head Radial N Deep artery of arm "Profunda Brachii A" -------------------------- Quadrangular Interval -Axillary N -Posterior Humeral Circumflex A --------------- Triangular Space -Subscapular A -Circumflex Scapular A |
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Classify the movement of glenohumeral jt?
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Multiaxial
Circumduction (Flex, Ext. Adduct, Abduct) |
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What are the groups of muscles acting on the Glenohumeral Joint?
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Adductors
- Latissiumus Dorsi - Pectoralis Major --------------- Abductors -Deltoid |
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Describe Deltoid ms.
O, I, A N |
Powerful triangular ms; has 3 heads
O: From Spine & Acromion process of the scapula & the lateral 1/3 of clavicle I: into the Deltoid tubercle of humerus A: - Posterior head causes an extension of the shoulder jt - Lateral head causes abduction of the shoulder jt (60 degrees) - Anterior head induces flexion of the shoulder jt N: Axillary N. from the Posterior cord of Brachail plexus through the Quadrangular Space |
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What are the Flexors of the Glenohumeral jt?
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- Clavicular head of the Pectoralis Major
- Anterior head of the Deltoid - Biceps brachii - Coracobrachialis |
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Biceps Brachii ms
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O: Long head (lateral) arises form the Supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula deep to the Transverse Humeral ligament
Short head (Medial) Originated from the apex of the Coracoid process of the scapula I: Into Radial tuberosity of Radial bone & to the fascia fo the forearm (antebrachium) via the Bicipital aponeurosis A: Supination of the forearm & Flexion of the elbow during supination N: Musculocutaneous N, br. from LATERAL cord of brachial plexus (under biceps through coracobrachialis ms) |
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Coracobrachialis ms
O, I, A, N Noteable |
O: Interior aspect of the coracoid process of the scapula
I: Medial surface of the humerus at medial 1/3 A: Adduct & flex the shoulder jt. N: Musculocutaneous N. from LATERAL cord of the brachial plexus Noteable: Musculocutaneous N travels through this ms |
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What are the Extensors of the Gleonhumeral jt.?
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Latissimus dorsi
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What are the rotators of the glenohumeral jt?
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Medial Rotation - Subscapularis
Lateral Rotation - Infraspinatus |
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What is the blood supply to shoulder jt?
What is the Nerve innervation to the shoulder jt? What are the Bursas associated with the shoulder jt? |
Both Anterior & Posterior Humeral Circumflex arteries
Note: Anterior has smaller diameter. --------------------- -Lateral Pectoral N. -Axillary N. - Suprascapular N. --------------------- -Subscapular Bursa -Subacromial Bursa -Subdeltoid Bursa |
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Note the following landmarks of the humerus.
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Greater & Lesser Tubercles
Intertubercular Groove - Houses LONG head of Biceps brachii ms Head & Anatomical Neck Surgical Neck - where humerus tends to fracture Shaft & Deltoid tubercle Radial Groove (Musculospiral) - Note location of Radial N & Deep artery of the arm (Deep Profunda Brachial A.) Medial & Lateral Supracondylar Ridge Coronoid fossa (Anterior) Olecranon fossa (Posterior) Medial (Larger, Common origin for Flexors of forearm) & Lateral Epicondyle process (Groove for ulnar N) Condyle - Capitulum (lateral) articulates with Radius - Trochlear (medial) articulates with Ulna |
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Describe the Pectoral fascia.
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It covers the Pectoralis Major ms, leaves this region laterally toward the upper limb. At this point will form the Axillary Fascia that forms the "floor" of the Axilla
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Describe the Clavipectoral Fascia
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This fascia is the continuation of the Deep Cervical Fascia (Deep layer of investing fascia)
It descends inferiorly going around SUBCLAVIUS ms, attaching to the superior aspect of the clavicle. Inferior to the Subclavisu ms, its double layer unite to form the Costocoracoid fascia which surrounds the pectoralis minor ms. Union of this fascia inferolateral to the Pectoralis minor will form the Suspensory ligament of Axilla. At this point this fascia will blend with the pectoral fascia to form the floor of the axilla |
