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70 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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A 21-year-old patient has a lesion of the upper trunk of the brachial plexus (Erb-Duchenne paralysis). Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
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Arm tending to lie in medial rotation
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A patient comes in with a gunshot wound and requires surgery in which his thoracoacromial trunk needs to be ligated. Which of the following arterial branches would maintain normal blood flow?
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Superior Thoracic
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A 29-year-old man comes in with a stab wound, cannot raise his arm above horizontal, and exhibits a condition known as "winged scapula." Which of the following structures of the brachial plexus would most likely be damaged?
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Roots
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A 16-year-old patient has weakness flexing the metacarpophalangeal joint of the ring finger and is unable to adduct the same finger. Which of the following muscles is most likely paralyzed?
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Palmar interossesous
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A 27-year-old patient presents with an inability to draw the scapula forward and downward because of paralysis of the pectoralis minor. Which of the following would most likely be a cause of his condition?
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Fracture of the corocoid process
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A 22-year-old patient received a stab wound in the chest that injured the intercostobrachial nerve. Which of the following conditions results from the described lesion of the nerve?
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Loss of sensory fibers from the second intercostal nerve
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A 16-year-old boy fell from a motorcycle, and his radial nerve was severely damaged because of a fracture of the midshaft of the humerus. Which of the following conditions would most likely result from this accident?
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Loss of wrist extension leading to wrist drop
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A patient comes in complaining that she cannot flex her proximal interphalangeal joints. Which of the following muscles appear(s) to be paralyzed on further examination of her finger?
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Flexor digitorum profundus
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A 21-year-old woman walks in with a shoulder and arm injury after falling during horseback riding. Examination indicated that she cannot adduct her arm because of paralysis of which of the following muscles?
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Latissius dorsi
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A 35-year-old man walks in with a stab wound to the most medial side of the proximal portion of the cubital fossa. Which of the following structures would most likely be damaged?
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Median nerve
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The police bring in a murder suspect who has been in a gunfight with a police officer. The suspect was struck by a bullet in the arm; his median nerve has been damaged. Which of the following symptoms is likely produced by this nerve damage?
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Ape Hand
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An automobile body shop worker has his middle finger crushed while working on a transmission. Which of the following muscles is most likely to retain function?
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Palmar interosseous
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A 14-year-old boy falls on his out-stretched hand and has a fracture of the scaphoid bone. The fracture is most likely accompanied by a rupture of which of the following arteries?
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Radial artery
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A 12-year-old boy walks in; he fell out of a tree and fractured the upper portion of his humerus. Which of the following nerves are intimately related to the humerus and are most likely to be injured by such a fracture?
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Radial and axiallary
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A man injures his wrist on broken glass. Which of the following structures entering the palm superficial to the flexor retinaculum may be damaged?
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Ulnar artery and ulnar nerve
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A patient with Bennett's fracture (a fracture of the base of the first metacarpal bone) experiences an impaired thumb movement. Which of the following intrinsic muscles of the thumb is most likely injured?
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Opponens pollicis
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A) Abductor pollcis brevis
B) Flexor pollicis brevis (superficial head) C) Opponens pollicis D) Adductor pollicis E) Flexor pollicis brevis (deep head) |
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A 27-year-old pianist with a known carpal-tunnel syndrome experiences difficulty in finger movements. Which of the following intrinsic muscles of her hand is paralyzed?
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Lateral two lumbricals and opponens pollicis
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A 31-year-old roofer walks in with tenosynovitis resulting from a deep penetrated wound in the palm by a big nail. Examination indicated that he has in infection in the ulnar bursa. This infection most likely resulted in necrosis of which of the following tendons?
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Tendon of the flexor digitorum profundus
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An 18-year-old boy involved in an automobile accident presents with an arm that cannot abduct. His paralysis is caused by damaged to which of the following nerves?
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Suprascapular and axillary
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A 17-year-old boy with a stab wound received multiple injuries on the upper part of the arm and required surgery. If the brachial artery were ligated at its origin, which of the following arteries would supply blood to the profunda brachii artery?
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Posterior humeral circumflex
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A 23-year-old woman who receives a deep cut to her ring finger by a kitchen knife is unable to move the metacarpophalangeal joint. Which of the following pairs of nerves was damaged?
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Ulnar and radial
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A 27-year-old baseball player is hit on his forearm by a high-speed ball during the World Series, and the muscles that form the floor of the cubital fossa appear to be torn. Which of the following groups of muscles have lost their functions?
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Brachialis and supinator
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A 23-year-old man complains of numbness on the medial side of the arm following a stab wound in the axilla. On examination, he is diagnosed with an injury of his medial brachial cutaneous nerve. In which of the following structures are the cell bodies of the damaged nerve involved in numbness located?
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Dorsal root ganglion
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A 38-year-old homebuilder was involved in an accident and is unable to supinate his forearm. Which of the following nerves are most likely damaged?
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Radial and musculocutaneous
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A 31-year-old patient complains of sensory loss over the anterior and posterior surfaces of the medial third of the hand and the medial one and one-half fingers. He is diagnosed by a physician as having "funny bone" symptoms. Which of the following nerves is injured?
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Ulnar
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A patient with a deep stab wound in the middle of the forearm has impaired movement of the thumb. Examination indicated a lesion of the anterior interosseous nerve. Which of the following muscles is paralyzed?
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Flexor digitorum profundus and pronator quadratus
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A 29-year-old patient comes in; he cannot flex the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint of the index finger. His physician determines that he has nerve damage from a supracondylar fracture. Which of the following conditions is also a symptom of this nerve damage?
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Loss of sensation over the distal part of the second digit
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A 27-year-old man with cubital tunnel syndrome complains of numbness and tingling in the ring and little finger and back and sides of his hand because of damage to a nerve in the tunnel at the elbow. Which of the following muscles is most likely to be paralyzed?
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Two medial lumbricals
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A secretary comes in to your office complaining of pain in her wrists from typing all day. You determine that she likely has carpal tunnel syndrome. Which of the following conditions would help you determine the diagnosis?
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Flattened thenar eminence
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A man is unable to hold typing paper between his index and middle fingers. Which of the following nerves is likely injured?
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Ulnar nerve
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The victim of an automobile accident has a destructive injury of the proximal row of carpal bones. Which of the following bones is most likely damages?
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Triquetrum
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A patient has a torn rotator cuff of the shoulder joint as the result of an automobile accident. Which of the following muscle tendons is intact and has normal function?
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Teres major
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A patient complains of having pain with repeated movements of his thumb (claudication). His physician performs the Allen test and finds an insufficiency of the radial artery. Which of the following conditions would be a result of the radial artery stenosis.?
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A marked decrease in the blood flow in the princeps pollicis artery
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A patient bleeding from the shoulder secondary to a knife wound is in fair condition because there is vascular anastamosis around the shoulder. Which of the following arteries is most likely a direct branch of the subclavian artery that is involved in the anastamosis?
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Dorsal scapular artery
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During a breast examination of a 36-year-old woman, the physician found a palpable mass in her breast. Which of the following characteristics of breast cancer and its diagnosis is correct?
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Dimpling of the overlying skin
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A patient with a stab wound receives a laceration of the musculocutaneous nerve. Which of the following conditions is most likely to have occured?
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Lack of sweating on the lateral side of the forearm.
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A 20-year-old man fell from the parallel bar during the Olympic trial. A neurologic examination reveals that he has a lesion of the lateral cord of the brachial plexus. Which of the following muscles is most likely weakened by this injury?
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Pectoralis major
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A 24-year-old carpenter suffers a crush injury of his entire little finger. Which of the following muscles is most likely to be spared?
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Dorsal interossi
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A 7-year-old boy falls from a tree house and is bought to the emergency department of a local hospital. On examination, he has weakness in rotating his arm laterally because of an injury of a nerve. Which of the following conditions is most likely to cause a loss of this nerve function?
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Inferior dislocation of the head of the humerus
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A 49-year-old woman is diagnosed as having a large lump on her right breast. Lymph from the cancerous breast drains primarily into which of the following nodes?
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Anterior (pectoral) nodes
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A 17-year-old boy fell from his motorcycle and complains of numbness of the lateral part of the arm. Examination reveals that the axillary nerve is severed. Which of the following types of axons is most likely spared?
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Preganglionic sympathetic axons
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A construction worker suffers a destructive injury of the structures related to the anatomic snuffbox. Which of the following structures would most likely be damaged?
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Radial artery
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A rock climber falls on his shoulder, resulting in a chipping off of the lesser tubercle of the humerus. Which of the following structures would most likely have structural and functional damage?
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Subscapularis muscle
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A 22-year-old female Macerena dancer fell from the stage and complains of elbow pain and inability to supinate her forearm. Which of the following nerves are most likely injured from this accident?
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Radial and musculocutaneous nerves
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A 37-year-old female patient has a fracture of the clavicle. The junction of the middle and lateral thirds of the bone exhibits overriding of the medial and lateral fragments. The arm is rotated medially, but it is not rotated laterally. The lateral portion of the fractured clavicle is displaced downward by which of the following?
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Deltoid muscle and gravity
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A 37-year-old female patient has a fracture of the clavicle. The junction of the middle and lateral thirds of the bone exhibits overriding of the medial and lateral fragments. The arm is rotated medially, but it is not rotated laterally. Which muscle causes upward displacement of the medial fragment?
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Sternocleidomastoid
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A 37-year-old female patient has a fracture of the clavicle. The junction of the middle and lateral thirds of the bone exhibits overriding of the medial and lateral fragments. The arm is rotated medially, but it is not rotated laterally. Which conditions is most likely to occur secondary to the fractured clavicle?
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Thrombosis of the subclavian vein, causing pulmonary embolism
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A 21-year-old man injures his right arm in an automobile accident. Radiographic examination reveals a fracture of the medial epicondyle of the humerus. Which nerve is most likely injured as a result of this accident?
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Ulnar
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A 21-year-old man injures his right arm in an automobile accident. Radiographic examination reveals a fracture of the medial epicondyle of the humerus. Which muscle is most likely paralyzed as a result of this accident?
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Adductor pollicis
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A 21-year-old man injures his right arm in an automobile accident. Radiographic examination reveals a fracture of the medial epicondyle of the humerus. After this injury, the patient is unable to do which of the following?
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Adduct his index finger
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A 10-year-old boy falls off his bike and has difficulty moving his shoulder, and is bought into the emergency department. His radiogram and angiogram reveal a fracture of the surgical neck of his humerus and bleeding from the point of the fracture. Which of the following nerves is most likely injured as a result of this accident?
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Axillary
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Following this accident, the damaged nerve causes difficulty in abduction, extension, and lateral rotation of the arm. Cell bodies of the injured nerve involved in movement of his arm are located in which of the following structures?
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Anterior horn of the spinal cord
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A 10-year-old boy falls off his bike and has difficulty moving his shoulder, and is bought into the emergency department. His radiogram and angiogram reveal a fracture of the surgical neck of his humerus and bleeding from the point of the fracture. The damaged nerve caused numbness of the lateral side of the arm. Cell bodies of the injured nerve fibers involved in sensory loss are located in which of the following structures?
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Dorsal root ganglia
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A 10-year-old boy falls off his bike and has difficulty moving his shoulder, and is bought into the emergency department. His radiogram and angiogram reveal a fracture of the surgical neck of his humerus and bleeding from the point of the fracture. This accident most likely leads to damage who which of the following arteries?
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Posterior humeral circumflex
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A 10-year-old boy falls off his bike and has difficulty moving his shoulder, and is bought into the emergency department. His radiogram and angiogram reveal a fracture of the surgical neck of his humerus and bleeding from the point of the fracture. Following this accident, the boy has weakness in rotating his arm laterally. Which of the following muscles are paralyzed?
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Teres minor and deltoid
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A 64-year-old man with a history of liver cirrhosis has ben examined for hepatitis A, B, and C viruses. In an attempt to obtain a blood sample from the patient's median cubital vein, a registered nurse inadvertently procures arterial blood. The blood most likely comes from which of the following arteried?
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Brachial
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A 64-year-old man with a history of liver cirrhosis has ben examined for hepatitis A, B, and C viruses. In an attempt to obtain a blood sample from the patient's median cubital vein, a registered nurse inadvertently procures arterial blood. During the procedure, the needle hits a nerve medial to the artery. Which of the dollowing nerves is most likely damaged?
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Median
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A 17-year-old boy is injured in an automobile accident. He has a fracture of the shaft of the humerus. Which of the following nerves is most likely damaged?
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Radial nerve
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A 17-year-old boy is injured in an automobile accident. He has a fracture of the shaft of the humerus. As a result of this fracture, the patient shows lack of sweating on the back of the arm and forearm. Cell bodies of the damaged fibers involved in sweating are located in which of the following structures?
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Sympathetic chain ganglion
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A 17-year-old boy is injured in an automobile accident. He has a fracture of the shaft of the humerus. Following this accident, the patient has no cutaneous sensation in which of the following areas?
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Area of the anatomic snuffbox
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A 17-year-old boy is injured in an automobile accident. He has a fracture of the shaft of the humerus. Which fo the following arteries may be damaged?
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Profunda brachii artery
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A 17-year-old boy is injured in an automobile accident. He has a fracture of the shaft of the humerus. After this accident, supination is still possible through contraction of which of the following muscles?
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Biceps brachii
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A 10-year-old boy falls off his bike and has difficulty moving his shoulder, and is bought into the emergency department. His radiogram and angiogram reveal a fracture of the surgical neck of his humerus and bleeding from the point of the fracture. Following this accident, the boy has weakness in rotating his arm laterally. Which of the following muscles are paralyzed?
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Teres minor and deltoid
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A 64-year-old man with a history of liver cirrhosis has ben examined for hepatitis A, B, and C viruses. In an attempt to obtain a blood sample from the patient's median cubital vein, a registered nurse inadvertently procures arterial blood. The blood most likely comes from which of the following arteried?
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Brachial
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A 64-year-old man with a history of liver cirrhosis has ben examined for hepatitis A, B, and C viruses. In an attempt to obtain a blood sample from the patient's median cubital vein, a registered nurse inadvertently procures arterial blood. During the procedure, the needle hits a nerve medial to the artery. Which of the dollowing nerves is most likely damaged?
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Median
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A 17-year-old boy is injured in an automobile accident. He has a fracture of the shaft of the humerus. Which of the following nerves is most likely damaged?
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Radial nerve
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A 17-year-old boy is injured in an automobile accident. He has a fracture of the shaft of the humerus. As a result of this fracture, the patient shows lack of sweating on the back of the arm and forearm. Cell bodies of the damaged fibers involved in sweating are located in which of the following structures?
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Sympathetic chain ganglion
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A 17-year-old boy is injured in an automobile accident. He has a fracture of the shaft of the humerus. Following this accident, the patient has no cutaneous sensation in which of the following areas?
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Area of the anatomic snuffbox
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A 17-year-old boy is injured in an automobile accident. He has a fracture of the shaft of the humerus. Which fo the following arteries may be damaged?
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Profunda brachii artery
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A 17-year-old boy is injured in an automobile accident. He has a fracture of the shaft of the humerus. After this accident, supination is still possible through contraction of which of the following muscles?
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Biceps brachii
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